联合压汞法表征致密油储层孔隙结构

宋磊; 宁正福; 孙一丹; 丁冠阳; 杜华明

doi:10.11781/sysydz201705700

联合压汞法表征致密油储层孔隙结构

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201705700

中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目“基于数字岩心的致密油纳米—亚微米尺度储层特征及微观渗流规律研究”（51474222）资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
宋磊(1991—),男,博士生,主要从事致密油储层特征及渗流规律研究.E-mail:songleizsy@163.com.

中图分类号: TE122.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 1303
- HTML全文浏览量: 128
- PDF下载量: 597
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-12-26
- 修回日期: 2017-06-25
- 刊出日期: 2017-09-28

Pore structure characterization of tight oil reservoirs by a combined mercury method

Sate Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

摘要

摘要: 致密油是非常规油气资源的重要组成部分，致密油储层的孔隙结构决定并影响着渗流规律。当下主要有2种压汞方法进行储层定量表征，分别为高压压汞法和恒速压汞法。通过对8块致密岩心样品先后进行高压压汞和恒速压汞实验，逐一分析阐明了2种方法在致密油储层孔隙结构表征方面的特性，联合2种压汞实验方法，在同一图版上绘出2种方法的压汞曲线，计算得到8块样品完整的孔径分布曲线，并根据Loucks的分类方法计算得到8块样品的孔径分布直方图。研究结果表明：（1）在低汞饱和度下，恒速压汞总体曲线和高压压汞的进汞曲线重叠完好，说明了该区域是反映同一种孔隙结构。（2）通过综合后孔径分布曲线可以明显看出，致密油储层孔隙半径分布在9.2 nm~500 μm之间，致密油储层孔径分布曲线呈多峰形态。右侧孔隙半径80~500 μm之间有一个峰，峰值在半径150 μm左右，孔隙半径小于1 μm的纳米级孔隙大量发育，并出现多个峰值。（3）根据Loucks的分类方法，纳米孔（<1 μm）是主要的孔隙孔径类型，大于62.5 μm的介孔数量次之，中间孔径即微米级孔隙分布最少。
- 致密油储层 /
- 孔隙结构 /
- 高压压汞 /
- 恒速压汞 /
- 联合法
Abstract: Tight oil is an important component of unconventional oil and gas resources. The pore structure of tight oil reservoirs determines flow. In this paper, two kinds of mercury injection, pressure-controlled and rate-controlled, were used to carry out a quantitative characterization on eight tight core samples. The characteristics of pore structure characterization of the two methods were clarified one by one. The capillary pressure curves of eight samples were calculated on the same chart combining the two methods, and the pore size distribution histograms of eight samples were calculated according to Loucks classification method. The results show that: (1) At low mercury saturation, the total curve of rate-controlled mercury intrusion and the mercury injection curve of pressure-controlled mercury intrusion overlap well, indicating the same pore structure. (2) Pore size distribution curves show that the pore radius of tight oil reservoirs ranges 9.2 nm-500 μm with a multimodal pattern. There is a peak at 80-500 μm diameter, and the peak of the radius is about 150 μm. Nano pores with the pore radius of less than 1 μm developed well with multiple peaks. (3) According to Loucks' classification method, nano pores (<1 μm) are the main pore type, meso pores larger than 62.5 μm the second, and micron pores the least.
- tight oil reservoir /
- pore structure /
- pressure-controlled mercury intrusion /
- rate-controlled mercury intrusion /
- combined method

HTML全文

参考文献(22)

[1]	邹才能,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望：以中国致密油和致密气为例[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):173-187. Zou Caineng,Zhu Rukai,Wu Songtao,et al.Types,characteristics,genesis and prospects of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations:Taking tight oil and tight gas in China as an instance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):173-187.
[2]	公言杰,柳少波,赵孟军,等.核磁共振与高压压汞实验联合表征致密油储层微观孔喉分布特征[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(3):389-394. Gong Yanjie,Liu Shaobo,Zhao Mengjun,et al.Characterization of micro pore throat radius distribution in tight oil reservoirs by NMR and high pressure mercury injection[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2016,38(3):389-394.
[3]	熊波,刘坤,郭凯,等.基于X-CT技术对黔西滇东区域煤储层物性特征的研究[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(3):407-412. Xiong Bo,Liu Kun,Guo Kai,et al.Characterization of the physical properties of coal reservoirs in the western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan by X-ray computed tomography[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2016,38(3):407-412.
[4]	黄振凯,陈建平,王义军,等.微米CT在烃源岩微观结构表征方面的应用[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(3):418-422. Huang Zhenkai,Chen Jianping,Wang Yijun,et al.Application of micron CT in the characterization of microstructure in source rocks[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2016,38(3):418-422.
[5]	Loucks R G,Reed R M,Ruppel S C,et al.Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1071-1098.
[6]	邹才能,朱如凯,白斌,等.中国油气储层中纳米孔首次发现及其科学价值[J].岩石学报,2011,27(6):1857-1864. Zou Caineng,Zhu Rukai,Bai Bin,et al.First discovery of nano-pore throat in oil and gas reservoir in China and its scientific value[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(6):1857-1864.
[7]	牛小兵,冯胜斌,刘飞,等.低渗透致密砂岩储层中石油微观赋存状态与油源关系:以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(3):288-293. Niu Xiaobing,Feng Shengbin,Liu Fei,et al.Microscopic occurrence of oil in tight sandstones and its relation with oil sources:A case study from the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(3):288-293.
[8]	白斌,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.利用多尺度CT成像表征致密砂岩微观孔喉结构[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(3):329-333. Bai Bin,Zhu Rukai,Wu Songtao,et al.Multi-scale method of Nano(Micro)-CT study on microscopic pore structure of tight sandstone of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(3):329-333.
[9]	贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):343-350. Jia Chengzao,Zou Caineng,Li Jianzhong,et al.Assessment criteria,main types,basic features and resource prospects of the tight oil in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):343-350.
[10]	杨华,李士祥,刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):1-11. Yang Hua,Li Shixiang,Liu Xianyang.Characteristics and resource prospects of tight oil and shale oil in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(1):1-11.
[11]	钟大康,周立建,孙海涛,等.储层岩石学特征对成岩作用及孔隙发育的影响：以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(6):890-899. Zhong Dakang,Zhou Lijian,Sun Haitao,et al.Influences of petrologic features on diagenesis and pore development:An example from the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong area,Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(6):890-899.
[12]	祝海华,钟大康,姚泾利,等.鄂尔多斯西南地区长7段致密油储层微观特征及成因机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(5):853-863. Zhu Haihua,Zhong Dakang,Yao Jingli,et al.Microscopic charac-teristics and formation mechanism of Upper Triassic Chang 7 tight oil reservoir in the southwest Ordos Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2014,43(5):853-863.
[13]	祝海华,钟大康,张亚雄,等.川南地区三叠系须家河组致密砂岩孔隙类型及物性控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(1):65-76. Zhu Haihua,Zhong Dakang,Zhang Yaxiong,et al.Pore types and controlling factors on porosity and permeability of Upper Triassic Xujiahe tight sandstone reservoir in southern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(1):65-76.
[14]	中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆油田有限责任公司. 岩石毛管压力曲线测定恒速法：Q/SY DQ 1531-2012 [S].大庆：中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆油田有限责任公司，2012. Daqing Oilfield of CNPC.Curve measurement of rock capillary pressure with constant rate method：Q/SY DQ 1531-2012 [S].Daqing：Daqing Oilfield of CNPC，2012.
[15]	Yuan H H,Swanson B F.Resolving pore-space characteristics by rate-controlled porosimetry[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1989,4(1):17-24.
[16]	Toledo P G,Scriven L E,Davis H T.Pore-space statistics and capillary pressure curves from volume-controlled porosimetry[J].SPE Formation Evaluation,1994,9(1):46-54.
[17]	杨峰,宁正福,孔德涛,等.高压压汞法和氮气吸附法分析页岩孔隙结构[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(3):450-455. Yang Feng,Ning Zhengfu,Kong Detao,et al.Pore structure of shales from high pressure mercury injection and nitrogen adsorption method[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(3):450-455.
[18]	高辉,解伟,杨建鹏,等.基于恒速压汞技术的特低—超低渗砂岩储层微观孔喉特征[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(2):206-211. Gao Hui,Xie Wei,Yang Jianpeng,et al.Pore throat characteristics of extra-ultra low permeability sandstone reservoir based on constant-rate mercury penetration technique[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2011,33(2):206-211.
[19]	Nelson P H.Pore-throat sizes in sandstones,tight sandstones,and shales[J].AAPG Bulletin,2009,93(3):329-340.
[20]	朱永贤,孙卫,于锋.应用常规压汞和恒速压汞实验方法研究储层微观孔隙结构：以三塘湖油田牛圈湖区头屯河组为例[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):553-556. Zhu Yongxian,Sun Wei,Yu Feng.Application of high pressure Hg injection and rate-controlled Hg penetration experimental technique to studying reservoir microscopic pore structure:Taking Toutunhe Formation in Niuquanhu area of Santanghu oilfield as an example[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):553-556.
[21]	何顺利,焦春艳,王建国,等.恒速压汞与常规压汞的异同[J].断块油气田,2011,18(2):235-237. He Shunli,Jiao Chunyan,Wang Jianguo,et al.Discussion on the differences between constant-speed mercury injection and conventional mercury injection techniques[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2011,18(2):235-237.
[22]	Labani M M,Rezaee R,Saeedi A,et al.Evaluation of pore size spectrum of gas shale reservoirs using low pressure nitrogen adsorption,gas expansion and mercury porosimetry:A case study from the Perth and Canning Basins,western Australia[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2013,112:7-16.