江汉盆地盐间页岩中芳基类异戊间二烯烷烃特征及对页岩油勘探的意义

马晓潇; 黎茂稳; 刘鹏; 李志明; 蒋启贵; 陶国亮; 钱门辉; 鲍云杰; 曹婷婷; 吴世强

doi:10.11781/sysydz202004575

江汉盆地盐间页岩中芳基类异戊间二烯烷烃特征及对页岩油勘探的意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202004575

马晓潇^{1, 2,},
黎茂稳^{1, 2},
刘鹏^{1, 2},
李志明^{1, 2},
蒋启贵^{1, 2},
陶国亮^{1, 2},
钱门辉^{1, 2},
鲍云杰^{1, 2},
曹婷婷^{1, 2},
吴世强³

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
2.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
中国石化江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 武汉 430223

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05049

国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目 2014CB239100

详细信息

作者简介:
马晓潇(1989-), 女, 博士, 助理研究员, 从事石油地质研究。E-mail: maxiaoxiaocool@163.com

中图分类号: TE122.113
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-01
- 修回日期: 2020-06-28
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-28

Aryl isoprenoids and their significance for inter-salt shale oil exploration in the Jianghan Basin

MA Xiaoxiao^{1, 2
,},
LI Maowen^{1, 2},
LIU Peng^{1, 2},
LI Zhiming^{1, 2},
JIANG Qigui^{1, 2},
TAO Guoliang^{1, 2},
QIAN Menhui^{1, 2},
BAO Yunjie^{1, 2},
CAO Tingting^{1, 2},
WU Shiqiang³

1.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development of SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company, Wuhan, Hubei 430223, China

摘要

摘要: 通过对江汉盆地潜江凹陷王场地区王云11井潜江组潜3³下亚段和潜3⁴亚段4个韵律层部分取心样品的全岩热解和有机抽提物分子地球化学分析，将盐间页岩的沉积环境划分为半咸水—咸水湖相和咸水湖相2种类型。前者分布范围相对广泛，沉积水体分层明显，以富含伽马蜡烷和2，3，6-三甲基-芳基异戊间二烯烷烃为特征；后者分布范围相对局限，以较高丰度的3，4，5-三甲基—芳基异戊间二烯烷烃为特征，同时缺少水体分层的分子标志物证据。较高的热解S₁含量、S₁/w（TOC）比值以及与盐间页岩储层埋藏深度不匹配的萜烷Ts/（Ts+Tm）比值和规则甾烷异构化参数分析揭示，盐间页岩中游离油富集段主要分布在半咸水—咸水环境形成的富有机质纹层发育段，为一定程度的成熟油气沿着顺层微裂缝侧向运移提供了有利场所。通过常规甾萜烷和芳基异戊间二烯烷烃特殊生物标志物组合分析，提出盐间页岩油勘探应关注潜三段和潜四段内几个最大湖泛面，除了继续王场构造区开发试验外，应该加大蚌湖洼陷成熟烃源区的勘探力度。
- 芳基类异戊间二烯 /
- 生物标志化合物 /
- 盐间页岩油 /
- 潜江组 /
- 潜江凹陷 /
- 江汉盆地
Abstract: Fifteen inter-salt shale cores were collected from the well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin, and the sampling intervals include four of the salt cycles in the Eq₃ Member of the Eogene Qianjiang Formation. Bulk geochemical data were obtained by whole rock pyrolysis, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were conducted for molecular compositions of saturated and aromatic biomarkers. Our results separated the analyzed samples into two broad categories corresponding to brackish-saline and saline lacustrine settings. Inter-salt shales deposited in the brackish-saline lakes occur over large geographic areas with relatively strong water column stratification, and are characterized by the presence of abundant gammacerane and 2, 3, 6-trimethyl-aryl isoprenoid alkanes. In contrast, inter-salt shales deposited in saline lakes tend to distribute in small areas, and the presence of abundant 3, 4, 5-trimethyl-aryl isoprenoid alkanes with lower contents of gammacerane is consistent with relatively shallow water depth. High pyrolysis S₁ contents, S₁/w(TOC) ratios, Ts/(Ts+Tm), and 20S/(20S+20R) and (αββ/ααα+αββ) ratios of C₂₉ steranes are good indicators for the inter-salt shales that were deposited in the brackish-saline settings and are ideal habitats for lacustrine shale oil enrichment, since the presence of organic rich lamina favor the updip, lateral oil migration along the bedding parallel microfractures. According to the common hopane and sterane parameters as well as aryl isoprenoid biomarker distributions, it is suggested that inter-salt shale oil exploration in the Jianghan Basin should be focused on organic rich shale beds in the Eq₃ and Eq₄ members deposited during the maximum lake expansion. More efforts were suggested to be invested in the mature source kitchens of the Banghu Sag in addition to the continuing pilot production tests in the Wangchang area.
- aryl isoprenoids /
- biomarkers /
- inter-salt shale oil /
- Qianjiang Formation /
- Jianghan Basin

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图 1 江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜江组三段页岩油气显示及取样井位置

Figure 1. Location of sampling well WY 11 and shale oil and gas shows in Eq₃, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 2 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井取心段位置与样品热解分析数据

Figure 2. Coring section position and Rock-Eval pyrolysis data of samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 3 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井盐间页岩样品热解分析结果

a.Van Krevelen图解反映有机质类型以水生生物为主；b.热解I_H-T_max关系揭示原油浸染导致部分样品T_max值偏低

Figure 3. Rock-Eval pyrolysis data of inter-salt shale samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 4 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井岩心和页岩油样品的无环烷烃生物标志物参数和部分单体化合物的绝对浓度的纵向变化

Figure 4. Vertical variation of non-cycloalkane biomarker parameters and absolute concentration of some monomer compounds in core and shale oil samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 5 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井部分岩心和产出的页岩油样品的质量色谱图

m/z 85，191，217和134分别反映样品中无环烷烃、萜烷、甾烷和芳基异戊间二烯烷烃的分布

Figure 5. Mass chromatograms of cores and produced shale oil samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 6 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井岩心样品的Pr/nC₁₇-Ph/nC₁₈交会图

模板根据CONNAN和CASSOU^[28]；Rainbow，Shekilie和Zama原油来自西加拿大盆地中泥盆统海相含盐烃源岩^[29]；“BYY2盐间、盐内上、盐内下”样品取自潜江凹陷蚌页油2井潜3⁴-10韵律^[25]。

Figure 6. Pr/nC₁₇ vs. Ph/nC₁₈ of core samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 7 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井岩心样品的部分萜烷参数和化合物浓度随页岩储层深度变化趋势

Figure 7. Variation in selected ratios and concentrations of terpenoid alkanes in core samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 8 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井岩心和原油样品的部分甾烷参数和浓度随页岩储层深度变化趋势

Figure 8. Variation in selected ratios and concentrations of regular steranes in cores and shale oil samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 9 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井岩心和页岩油样品甾、萜化合物参数相关分析

Figure 9. Cross plots of molecular markers of cores and shale oil samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

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图 10 地质样品中常见的芳基异戊间二烯烷烃化合物分子结构^[35]

Figure 10. Chemical structures of aryl isoprenoids commonly found in geological samples

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图 11 江汉盆地古盐水湖泊发育模式示意(a)与现代山西运城盐湖参照(b)

盐湖滨岸人工盐池照片拍摄于2018年6月28日，气温超过38 ℃。水体变红主要发生在浅水盐池中，而盐湖主体部位湖水没有见到变红现象。

Figure 11. Development model of paleo-saline lakes in Jianghan Basin (a) and modern analog in Yuncheng Salt Lake, Shanxi (b)

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表 1 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云11井盐间页岩样品基本情况和热解分析结果

Table 1. Sample description and Rock-Eval pyrolysis data of inter-salt shale samples from well WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

样号	层位	盐韵律层	井深/m	S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	S₂/(mg∙g^-1)	PI	T_max/℃	w(TOC)/%	I_H/(mg∙g^-1)	I_O/(mg∙g^-1)	MINC/%
15	潜2³		1 309.31	8.88	60.64	0.13	431	8.22	738	15	7.23
14	潜3^3下	6	1 632.30	7.03	32.93	0.18	425	6.20	531	17	1.79
13	潜3^3下	6	1 633.00	4.09	28.71	0.12	430	5.05	569	18	1.48
12	潜3^3下	7	1 645.10	9.21	14.97	0.38	426	3.57	419	24	1.14
11	潜3^3下	7	1 646.49	21.11	22.57	0.48	421	5.74	393	7	3.37
10	潜3^3下	7	1 649.21	13.09	14.18	0.48	425	3.98	356	13	5.45
9	潜3⁴	10	1 704.74	5.97	3.22	0.65	407	1.43	225	18	0.25
8	潜3⁴	10	1 705.89	11.07	10.16	0.52	421	3.62	281	21	2.93
7	潜3⁴	10	1 707.29	14.34	10.05	0.59	420	3.72	270	29	3.97
6	潜3⁴	10	1 708.55	6.48	4.91	0.57	420	2.52	195	27	6.72
5	潜3⁴	10	1 710.59	9.93	9.53	0.51	425	3.50	272	32	3.04
4	潜3⁴	10	1 714.33	5.13	4.12	0.55	420	1.84	224	50	2.28
3	潜3⁴	12	1 749.26	25.02	18.86	0.57	417	4.93	383	18	8.23
2	潜3⁴	12	1 747.02	4.29	24.01	0.15	435	4.40	546	16	2.49
1	潜3⁴	12	1 746.14	4.02	16.61	0.20	427	3.36	494	24	1.69
注：MINC表示无机碳。

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表 2 江汉盆地潜江凹陷王云1井岩心样品的烷烃生物标志物参数和部分单体化合物的绝对浓度

Table 2. Paraffin biomarker parameters and absolute concentration of some monomer compounds in core samples from WY 11, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

参数	样品号
参数	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	油
Pr/Ph	0.30	0.26	0.22	0.12	0.17	0.21	0.23	0.22	0.20	0.28	0.17	0.27	0.24	0.26	0.12	0.22
Pr/nC₁₇	0.96	0.48	0.56	0.49	0.56	0.59	0.41	0.66	0.54	0.64	0.47	0.50	0.86	1.16	0.85	0.55
Ph/nC₁₈	2.88	2.63	2.97	2.49	1.98	2.13	1.89	2.07	2.25	2.17	2.02	2.32	5.15	5.38	8.91	2.13
EOP偶碳优势	1.09	0.89	1.11	2.41	1.55	1.37	1.39	1.54	1.50	1.20	1.50	1.28	1.07	1.03	1.08	1.38
C₂₉-20S/(20S+20R)ααα甾烷比值	0.45	0.45	0.46	0.51	0.59	0.53	0.59	0.54	0.54	0.55	0.52	0.49	0.31	0.33	0.33	0.56
C₂₉-αββ/(ααα+αββ)甾烷比值	0.25	0.27	0.27	0.46	0.52	0.51	0.52	0.51	0.50	0.45	0.45	0.41	0.21	0.23	0.24	0.51
C₂₇/C₂₉甾烷	1.57	1.76	1.56	1.21	0.94	0.85	1.02	0.77	0.98	1.57	1.17	0.98	0.98	1.01	2.08	1.23
C₂₈/C₂₉甾烷	0.85	0.80	0.80	0.61	0.46	0.55	0.66	0.52	0.47	0.67	0.49	0.37	0.45	0.43	0.84	0.72
Ts/(Ts+Tm)	0.11	0.08	0.10	0.20	0.27	0.28	0.26	0.28	0.28	0.20	0.09	0.18	0.07	0.06	0.14	0.20
伽马蜡烷/(伽马蜡烷+C₃₁升藿烷)	0.68	0.72	0.70	0.69	0.72	0.74	0.72	0.44	0.75	0.64	0.71	0.43	0.52	0.50	0.82	0.74
C₃₅/C₃₄藿烷	0.95	0.79	0.87	3.57	1.43	1.35	1.27	1.16	1.40	0.99	1.21	0.99	0.61	0.54	0.94	1.74
MPI_1-1	1.01	0.78	1.15	0.60	0.57	0.65	0.68	0.65	0.58	0.58	0.58	0.61	0.77	0.81	0.33	0.46
MPI_1-2	1.30	1.00	1.34	0.66	0.61	0.63	0.66	0.64	0.60	0.69	0.68	0.68	1.08	1.18	0.88	0.49
DBT/菲	0.29	0.32	0.33	0.66	0.50	0.62	0.64	0.54	0.47	0.60	0.87	0.95	1.57	1.65	0.90	0.58
nC₁₇/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	4.10	8.03	14.83	2.11	5.29	9.08	4.33	6.38	1.21	13.02	0.83	15.05	14.84	23.15	8.11	-
nC₂₇/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	4.88	24.13	9.21	2.66	5.40	7.90	6.81	6.58	2.14	9.96	0.61	15.69	16.08	13.69	6.38	-
Ph/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	15.60	44.96	23.24	10.38	17.38	22.47	12.40	19.92	5.75	22.74	1.70	28.96	57.57	59.84	45.98	-
Pr/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	4.66	11.58	5.13	1.30	3.02	4.70	2.80	4.36	1.16	6.42	0.28	7.83	13.77	15.85	5.44	-
伽马蜡烷/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	0.87	2.61	2.78	0.57	2.20	2.11	1.04	1.42	0.34	1.66	0.17	2.41	1.37	1.72	1.90	-
C₃₀藿烷/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	0.82	2.32	2.14	0.38	1.22	1.32	0.69	0.97	0.21	1.32	0.09	1.44	2.82	3.73	2.15	-
C₂₇-αααR甾烷/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	0.99	3.15	3.05	0.70	0.76	0.81	0.52	0.59	0.18	1.00	0.05	0.87	1.52	2.07	2.65	-
C₂₉-αααR甾烷/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	0.63	1.79	1.96	0.58	0.81	0.95	0.51	0.77	0.18	0.64	0.04	0.89	1.55	2.05	1.27	-
二苯并噻吩/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	0.02	0.06	0.01	0.01	0.12	0.06	0.03	0.08	0.02	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.39	0.11	0.12	-
菲/S₁/(mg∙g^-1)	0.05	0.18	0.02	0.02	0.24	0.09	0.04	0.15	0.04	0.17	0.00	0.08	0.25	0.07	0.13	-
注：油样的深度为1 677.86~1 773.12 m。

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