苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段富有机质页岩特征与沉积环境

段宏亮; 刘世丽; 付茜

doi:10.11781/sysydz202004612

苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段富有机质页岩特征与沉积环境

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202004612

中国石化江苏油田分公司, 江苏扬州 225009

基金项目:

中国石化科技项目 P18060-4

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05049001-005

详细信息

作者简介:
段宏亮(1977-), 男, 高级工程师, 从事油气勘探研究。E-mail: duanhl.jsyt@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.23
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-13
- 修回日期: 2020-05-29
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-28

Characteristics and sedimentary environment of organic-rich shale in the second member of Paleogene Funing Formation, Subei Basin

SINOPEC Jiangsu Oilfield Branch Company, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China

摘要

摘要: 苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段（E₁f₂）发育两套富有机质页岩，分布广泛，油气显示丰富，页岩油形成条件有利。通过对大量岩心及薄片的观察，结合系统的有机地球化学、全岩X-衍射及微量元素测试资料，研究了苏北盆地E₁f₂两套富有机质页岩特征及沉积环境。苏北盆地E₁f₂两套富有机质页岩特征截然不同，其中第一页岩层（E₁f₂^页1）以深灰色块状含灰泥岩和硅质泥岩为主，微显层理；页岩有机碳含量平均介于2.21%~3.41%，有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主。第二页岩层（E₁f₂^页2）为灰黑色油页岩与纹层状含云、含灰泥岩、泥云岩、泥灰岩互层，纹层发育，有机碳含量平均介于2.02%~2.99%，有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主。苏北盆地E₁f₂沉积古气候经历了自半干热、还原、半咸水环境向干热、强还原、盐湖环境，再向温湿、氧化、淡水环境演化的过程；富有机质页岩形成于强还原、干热、咸水环境向氧化、温湿、正常淡水环境过渡的最大湖泛面附近，其中E₁f₂^页2形成于强还原、干热的咸水—盐湖环境，E₁f₂^页1形成于强还原、半潮湿—半干热的半咸水环境。沉积环境演化，造就了E₁f₂泥页岩层间及富有机质页岩内部岩性、电性及烃源岩品质的差异。
- 富有机质页岩 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 页岩油 /
- 阜宁组二段 /
- 古近系 /
- 苏北盆地
Abstract: Two sets of organic-rich shales are developed in the second member of Funing Formation (E₁f₂) in the Subei Basin, which are E₁f₂^{shale 1} and E₁f₂^{shale 2}. They are widely distributed, with rich shows and favorable shale oil conditions. Based on core and thin section observations, and combined with systematic organic geochemistry, X-ray diffraction and trace element analyses, the characteristics and sedimentary environment of the organic-rich shales were studied. The characteristics of the E₁f₂^{shale 1} and E₁f₂^{shale 2} are totally different. The E₁f₂^{shale 1} mainly consists of dark gray blocky limestones and siliceous mudstones, with slight bedding, 2.21%-3.41% organic carbon content, and type I organic matter. The E₁f₂^{shale 2} mainly consists of dark oil shales and dolomitic mudstones, calcite mudstones, muddy dolomites and muddy limestones, with laminar bedding, 2.02%-2.99% organic carbon content, and type I organic matter. The sedimentary palaeo climate of E₁f₂ has experienced semi-arid, reducing, brackish water, to dry, strongly reducing, salt lake, and to warm humid, oxic, freshwater in the Subei Basin. The organic-rich shales were formed in the transition formations near the maximum flooding surface, between strongly reducing, dry and hot, saltwater environments and oxic, humid, normal water environment. The E₁f₂^{shale 2} was formed in a strongly reducing, dry and hot, salt lake environment, while the E₁f₂^{shale 1} was deposited in a strongly reducing, damp to semi-arid and brackish water environment. Sedimentary environment evolution resulted in the differences of lithology, electrical properties, and quality of hydrocarbon source rocks, occurring in the muddy shale interlayer and internal organic-rich shale.
- organic-rich shale /
- sedimentary environment /
- shale oil /
- second member of Funing Formation /
- Paleogene /
- Subei Basin

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图 1 苏北盆地阜宁组二段富有机质页岩油气显示井分布

Figure 1. Distribution of wells with oil and gas shows in organic-rich shales, second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 苏北盆地E₁f₂富有机质页岩典型照片

a.HX28井E₁f₂^页1岩心照片；b.HX28井E₁f₂^页1岩心微观照片，见生物介壳，100×1；c.HX28井E₁f₂^页1，CT-扫描照片见层理；d.XYX1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩岩心中鸟类前肢化石；e.W1井E₁f₂^页2低阻纹层状含云泥岩岩心照片；f.W1井E₁f₂^页2低阻纹层状含云泥岩，阴极发光照片中有机质纹层与含云纹层，50×；g.HX4井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩岩心中鱼类化石；h.W1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩岩心照片；i.W1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩薄片照片；j.W1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩，阴极发光照片中有机质纹层与铁白云石纹层，50×；k.HX4井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩，CT-扫描照片见层间缝

Figure 2. Photographs of organic-rich shales in the second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 苏北盆地阜宁组二段页岩关键参数

Table 1. Key parameters for shales in the second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

地层	岩性	有机地球化学参数			关键矿物含量/%			沉积环境参数
地层	岩性	w(TOC)/%	沥青“A”/%	S₁/(mg·g^-1)	铁白云石	黄铁矿	石膏	Sr/Cu		Sr/Ba		V/Cr
泥脖子	灰色块状泥岩	1.50	0.03	0.02	1.27	1.25	0.02	10.12	19.74	0.51	1.01	1.41	1.77
E₁f₂^页1	深灰色层—块状含灰泥岩	2.25	0.19	0.50	1.36	1.51	0.03	7.59	18.35	0.62	0.83	1.06	1.59
E₁f₂^页2	灰黑色油页岩与纹层状含云/含灰泥岩、泥云岩、泥灰岩	2.02	0.22	0.50	8.13	0.89	1.76	44.72	100.84	2.13	3.49	1.61	2.86
E₁f₂^页3	灰黑色层—块状云灰质泥岩夹泥灰岩	1.29	0.16	0.32	17.07	1.42	0.86	26.63	35.46	2.31	3.17	1.57	2.20
E₁f₂^页4	灰黑色层—块状含云泥岩、泥云岩	1.00	0.05	0.25	7.57	1.15	0.41	25.55		2.21		1.48
E₁f₂^页5	灰黑色层—块状云灰质泥岩、泥云岩	0.96	0.10	0.16	8.71	1.61	0.88	25.38	14.39	2.02	1.90	1.63	1.62
资料来源	高邮凹陷	高邮凹陷			高邮凹陷			高邮凹陷	金湖凹陷	高邮凹陷	金湖凹陷	高邮凹陷	金湖凹陷

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表 2 苏北盆地E₁f₂^页2富有机质页岩特征

Table 2. Characteristics of organic-rich E₁f₂^{shale 2}, Subei Basin %

井号	井段/m	岩性	w(TOC)	石英	长石	方解石	铁白云石	黄铁矿	黏土总量	备注
HX4	2 302.55	纹层状云岩	2.95	25.8		3.1	67.3		3.8	高阻段
	2 302.62	纹层状云岩	2.73	22.3	2.5	6.9	59.3		9.0
	2 302.75	含灰页岩	3.37	29.8	6.7	21.7	0.0		41.8
	2 302.90	页岩	1.96	27.2	4.6	2.6	1.9	5.3	58.4
	2 303.00	页岩	1.72	21.1	4.4	4.3	3.0	7.3	59.9
	2 303.30	灰质页岩	1.41	16.5	2.0	45.1	11.9	6.9	16.8
	2 303.40	页岩	1.52	20.5	6.7	9.7	7.9	4.1	51.5	低阻段
	2 303.90	含云含灰页岩	4.24	16.8	4.2	20.1	15.9	4.1	38.9
	2 304.20	页岩	2.53	20.8	12.8	3.7	11.1		51.6
	2 304.60	页岩	2.29	18.1	6.0	2.2	12.8	6.2	54.7
	2 304.80	含云页岩	2.36	14.2	6.5	7.0	21.3		52	高阻段
	2 305.65	含云页岩	3.03	20.7	7.9	7.8	18.9		44.7
	2 306.10	纹层状云岩	2.82	10.8	1.0	4.0	58.3		25.9
	2 306.50	页岩	3.79	26.1	11.9	0.0	10.5		51.5	低阻段
	2 306.70	含云页岩	1.99	21.1	7.7	0.0	20.3		50.9
	2 307.95	含云页岩	1.41	16.2	4.6	6.8	19.8		52.6
	2 308.90	灰质页岩	3.72	30.2	5.7	27.3	6.3		30.3	高阻段
W1	1 709.56	纹层状云岩	3.25	13.5	3.8	0.4	41.5	0.5	37.9	暗色纹层
W1	1 709.56	纹层状云岩	1.43	14.9	2.1		56.7	4.4	20.5	浅色纹层
XYX1	1 690.78	纹层状云岩	1.74	7.7			79.2		13.1	浅灰绿色纹层
	1 690.78	纹层状云岩	4.26	12.0	1.2	1.4	73.8		11.6	浅灰白色纹层
	1 690.78	纹层状云岩	7.41	24.6	13.9	3.4	25.1		29.6	黑色纹层

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表 3 苏北盆地E₁f₂富有机质页岩沉积环境参数

Table 3. Sedimentary environment parameters of organic-rich shales in the second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

层位	地区	古氧化还原环境		古气候Sr/Cu	古盐度					古水深Sr/Ca
层位	地区	V/Cr	V/(V+Ni)	古气候Sr/Cu	盐度/‰	Sr/Ba	Sr/(μg·g^-1)	B/(μg·g^-1)	B/Ga	古水深Sr/Ca
E₁f₂^页1	金湖	1.59	0.68	18.35	15.58	0.83	376.90	84.15	4.17	65.22
	高邮	1.06	0.63	7.59	30.26	0.62	381.00	107.00	5.61	48.79
		强还原	强还原	半潮湿—半干燥	半咸水—咸水	半咸水	半咸水	咸水—盐湖	咸水—盐湖	相对较深
E₁f₂^页2	金湖	2.86	0.83	100.84	30.72	3.49	567.00	78.00	4.76	48.39
	高邮	1.61	0.67	44.72		2.13		65.64	2.64
		强还原	强还原	干燥	咸水	咸水—盐湖	咸水	咸水	咸水—盐湖	相对较浅
	高阻段(金湖)	1.39	0.71	23.89	24.01	1.16	741.00	36.20	2.49	38.27
		1.48	0.67	11.85	55.30	1.11	576.60	106.10	7.70	35.37
		强还原	强还原	干燥	咸水—盐水	咸水—盐湖	咸水	盐水	咸水—盐水	相对较浅
	低阻段(金湖)	1.92	0.75	12.80	12.85	0.59	383.80	91.50	3.95	83.18
	低阻段(金湖)	强还原	强还原	干燥	半咸水	淡水	半咸水	咸水	咸水	相对较深

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