Co-evolution characteristics of organic matter and reservoir in continental shale: a case study of Shahezi Formation in Changling Faulted Depression, Songliao Basin
-
摘要: 松辽盆地松南断陷群陆相页岩气具有较大的勘探潜力，但对于该区Ⅲ型干酪根富有机质泥页岩的有机地球化学和孔隙特征及演化规律尚不清楚。通过对长岭断陷下白垩统沙河子组Ⅲ型干酪根富有机质泥页岩样品开展生排烃热演化模拟实验和系列储层特征测试分析，发现该泥页岩存在2个关键的热演化节点，等效镜质体反射率（等效Ro）分别是1.5%和2.0%。等效Ro从0.7%至1.5%阶段，为快速生排油阶段，孔隙形态主要为墨水瓶状孔和部分板状孔，有机质逐渐发育少量孔洞，矿物溶蚀孔出现；等效Ro从1.5%至2.0%阶段，为快速生气阶段，有机质分解使得有机孔和矿物间孔洞大量发育，孔径逐渐增大，孔隙主要为板状孔或楔形孔和少部分墨水瓶状孔；等效Ro大于2.0%阶段，孔隙几乎只发育板状孔或楔形孔，孔径进一步增大。Ro大于1.5%为松南断陷群页岩气富集的有利源储耦合阶段。Abstract: In the Songnan Faulted Depression Group of the Songliao Basin, continental shale gas has huge exploration potential. However, evolution regularities of both organic geochemistry and pore characteristics in organic shale containing type Ⅲ kerogen in this area are not made clear. According to thermal evolution simulation experiments on hydrocarbon generation and expulsion and the tests and analysis on a series of reservoir characteristics in organic shale samples containing type Ⅲ kerogen from the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation, Changling Faulted Depression, it was found that there were two key nodes of thermal evolution in the shale, namely, equivalent vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 1.5% and 2.0%, respectively. In the stage of equivalent Ro from 0.7% to 1.5%, it was the stage of fast oil generation and expulsion, in which pore shapes were mainly ink bottle and partially plate, few pores and caverns were developed gradually in organic matters, and mineral dissolution pores occurred. In the stage of equivalent Ro from 1.5% to 2.0%, it was the stage of rapid gas generation, in which a large amount of organic pores and inter-mineral pores were developed with gradually increasing pore size by organic matter decomposition, and the pores were mainly platy or wedge-like and a few pores were ink bottle shaped. In the stage of equivalent Ro higher than 2.0%, only platy or wedge-like pores were developed with further increasing size. The stage with Ro higher than 1.5% is favorable for co-evolution of source rocks and reservoir of shale gas accumulation in the Songnan Faulted Depression Group.
-
图 1 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组低熟烃源岩烃产率随成熟度变化特征
Figure 1. Variation of hydrocarbon yield with maturity in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation source rocks with low maturity from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 2 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组低熟烃源岩排油效率随成熟度变化特征
Figure 2. Variation of oil expulsion efficiency with maturity in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation source rocks with low maturity from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 3 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组低熟烃源岩TOC含量及其恢复系数随成熟度变化特征
Figure 3. Variation of TOC content and its restitution coefficient with maturity in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation source rocks with low maturity from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 4 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组不同成熟度泥页岩孔隙形态变化特征
Figure 4. Variation of pore shape in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation shale with various maturities from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 5 氮气吸脱附滞后回线分类及对应孔隙形态[24]
Figure 5. Hysteresis loop classification of nitrogen adsorption and desorption, and corresponding pore shape
图 6 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组泥页岩不同孔径孔体积占比及总孔孔体积随成熟度变化特征
Figure 6. Variation of pore volume proportion of different pore sizes and total pore volume vs. maturity in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation shale from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 7 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组泥页岩孔径分布随成熟度变化特征
Figure 7. Variation of pore size distribution of shale with maturity in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation shale from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 8 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井下白垩统沙河子组泥页岩不同孔隙类型随成熟度演化特征
Figure 8. Evolution characteristics of different pore types with maturity in Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation shale from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
图 9 松辽盆地松南断陷群富有机质泥页岩生烃及储层特征演化模式
Figure 9. Evolution pattern of hydrocarbon generation and reservoir characteristics of organic-rich shale in Songnan Faulted Depression, Songliao Basin
表 1 松辽盆地南部长岭断陷B1井烃源岩地层孔隙热压模拟实验方案
Table 1. Pore thermal-pressure simulation experiment scheme of source rocks from well B1, Changling Faulted Depression, southern Songliao Basin
序号 模拟温度/℃ 排烃温度/℃ 预期等效Ro/% 模拟埋深/m 静岩压力/MPa 正常地层压力/MPa 生烃釜压力/MPa 排烃釜压力/MPa 排烃压差/MPa 恒温时间/d 模拟实验时间/d 0 25 95 0.64 1 860 45 19 28 23 5 3 5 1 275 100 0.66 1 970 47 20 30 25 5 3 5 2 300 115 0.75 2 200 53 22 33 28 6 3 5 3 325 130 0.92 2 350 59 24 35 29 6 3 5 4 350 145 1.05 2 480 62 25 37 31 6 3 5 5 375 160 1.30 2 820 71 28 42 35 7 3 5 6 400 180 1.50 3 200 80 32 48 40 8 5 7 7 425 185 1.65 3 350 84 34 50 42 8 5 7 8 450 190 1.80 3 480 87 35 52 44 9 3 5 9 475 195 2.05 3 600 90 36 54 45 9 3 5 10 500 210 2.30 3 800 95 38 57 48 10 3 5 11 550 225 2.85 4 300 108 43 65 54 12 3 5 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 黎茂稳, 马晓潇, 金之钧, 等. 中国海、陆相页岩层系岩相组合多样性与非常规油气勘探意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2022, 43(1): 1-25. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202201020.htmLI Maowen, MA Xiaoxiao, JIN Zhijun, et al. Diversity in the lithofacies assemblages of marine and lacustrine shale strata and significance for unconventional petroleum exploration in China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 1-25. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202201020.htm [2] 郭旭升, 胡东风, 段金宝. 中国南方海相油气勘探展望[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(5): 675-686. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202005675GUO Xusheng, HU Dongfeng, DUAN Jinbao. Marine petroleum exploration in South China[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2020, 42(5): 675-686. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202005675 [3] 郭旭升, 赵永强, 张文涛, 等. 四川盆地元坝地区千佛崖组页岩油气富集特征与主控因素[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(5): 749-757. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202105749GUO Xusheng, ZHAO Yongqiang, ZHANG Wentao, et al. Accumulation conditions and controlling factors for the enrichment of shale oil and gas in the Jurassic Qianfoya Formation, Yuanba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(5): 749-757. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202105749 [4] 胡宗全, 杜伟, 朱彤, 等. 四川盆地及其周缘五峰组-龙马溪组细粒沉积的层序地层与岩相特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2022, 43(5): 1024-1038. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202205002.htmHU Zongquan, DU Wei, ZHU Tong, et al. Sequence stratigraphy and lithofacies characteristics of fine-grained deposits of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in the Sichuan Basin and on its periphery[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(5): 1024-1038. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202205002.htm [5] PICARD M D. Classification of fine-grained sedimentary rocks[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1971, 41(1): 179-195. http://jsedres.geoscienceworld.org/content/41/1/179 [6] KATSUBE T J, WILLIAMSON M, BEST M. Shale pore structure evolution and its effect on permeability[C]//1992 SCA Confe-rence Paper Number 9214. [s. l. ]: SCA, 1992: 1-22. [7] LOUCKS R G, REED R M, RUPPEL S C, et al. Morphology, genesis, and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett shale[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2009, 79(12): 848-861. doi: 10.2110/jsr.2009.092 [8] CURTIS M E, CARDOTT B J, SONDERGELD C H, et al. Deve-lopment of organic porosity in the Woodford shale with increa-sing thermal maturity[J]. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2012, 103: 26-31. doi: 10.1016/j.coal.2012.08.004 [9] BERTHONNEAU J, GRAUBY O, ABUHAIKAL M, et al. Evolution of organo-clay composites with respect to thermal maturity in type Ⅱ organic-rich source rocks[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2016, 195: 68-83. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2016.09.008 [10] 昝灵, 骆卫峰, 印燕铃, 等. 苏北盆地溱潼凹陷古近系阜宁组二段页岩油形成条件及有利区评价[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(2): 233-241. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202102233ZAN Lin, LUO Weifeng, YIN Yanling, et al. Formation conditions of shale oil and favorable targets in the second member of Paleogene Funing Formation in Qintong Sag, Subei Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(2): 233-241. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202102233 [11] 谷志宇, 刘恩涛, 王香增, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组七段页岩发育特征及勘探潜力[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2021, 28(1): 95-105. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YQCS202101013.htmGU Zhiyu, LIU Entao, Wang Xiangzeng, et al. Development characteristics and exploration potential of shale in Chang7 Member in Southeast of Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2021, 28(1): 95-105. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YQCS202101013.htm [12] 罗文彬, 马中良, 郑伦举, 等. 海相页岩成岩-成烃过程中孔隙结构的演变: 来自热模拟实验的启示[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(5): 540-552. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB202005003.htmLUO Wenbin, MA Zhongliang, ZHENG Lunju, et al. Evolution of pore structure during diagenesis and hydrocarbon generation of marine shale: the inspiration from thermal simulation experiments[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(5): 540-552. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB202005003.htm [13] 丁江辉, 张金川, 石刚, 等. 皖南地区上二叠统大隆组页岩沉积环境与有机质富集机理[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 158-172. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202101015.htmDING Jianghui, ZHANG Jinchuan, SHI Gang, et al. Sedimentary environment and organic matter enrichment mechanisms of the Upper Permian Dalong Formation shale, southern Anhui Province, China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 158-172. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202101015.htm [14] 邓模, 段新国, 翟常博, 等. 页岩热模拟过程中液态烃含量变化及对物性的影响[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1310-1320. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202006021.htmDENG Mo, DUAN Xinguo, ZHAI Changbo, et al. Variation in liquid hydrocarbon content during thermal simulation and its influence on physical property of shale[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1310-1320. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202006021.htm [15] 赵永强, 许锦, 倪春华, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油成因及勘探前景[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(3): 487-496. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202203487ZHAO Yongqiang, XU Jin, NI Chunhua, et al. Origin and exploration prospect of Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2022, 44(3): 487-496. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202203487 [16] 栾国强, 董春梅, 马存飞, 等. 基于热模拟实验的富有机质泥页岩成岩作用及演化特征[J]. 沉积学报, 2016, 34(6): 1208-1216. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB201606018.htmLUAN Guoqiang, DONG Chunmei, MA Cunfei, et al. Pyrolysis simulation experiment study on diagenesis and evolution of organic-rich shale[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2016, 34(6): 1208-1216. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB201606018.htm [17] 张毅, 胡守志, 廖泽文, 等. 基于压机热模拟实验的页岩孔隙演化特征[J]. 地球科学, 2019, 44(3): 983-992. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201903025.htmZHANG Yi, HU Shouzhi, LIAO Zewen, et al. Shale pore evolution characteristics based on semi-closed pyrolysis experiment[J]. Earth Science, 2019, 44(3): 983-992. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201903025.htm [18] 柳波, 石佳欣, 付晓飞, 等. 陆相泥页岩层系岩相特征与页岩油富集条件: 以松辽盆地古龙凹陷白垩系青山口组一段富有机质泥页岩为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(5): 828-838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201805009.htmLIU Bo, SHI Jiaxin, FU Xiaofei, et al. Petrological characteristics and shale oil enrichment of lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary system: a case study of organic-rich shale in first member of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Gulong Sag, Songliao Basin, NE China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(5): 828-838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201805009.htm [19] 冯子辉, 柳波, 邵红梅, 等. 松辽盆地古龙地区青山口组泥页岩成岩演化与储集性能[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2020, 39(3): 72-85. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQSK202003007.htmFENG Zihui, LIU Bo, SHAO Hongmei, et al. The diagenesis evolution and accumulating performance of the mud shale in Qingshankou Formation in Gulong area, Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2020, 39(3): 72-85. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQSK202003007.htm [20] 周卓明, 王再锋, 伍泓. 松辽盆地长岭断陷层烃源岩地球化学特征研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2009, 31(6): 608-612. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906608ZHOU Zhuoming, WANG Zaifeng, WU Hong. Geochemical characteristics of source rocks in Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2009, 31(6): 608-612. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906608 [21] 马中良, 郑伦举, 徐旭辉, 等. 富有机质页岩有机孔隙形成与演化的热模拟实验[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(1): 23-30. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201701003.htmMA Zhongliang, ZHENG Lunju, XU Xuhui, et al. Thermal simulation experiment on the formation and evolution of organic pores in organic-rich shale[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(1): 23-30. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201701003.htm [22] GREGG S J, SING K S W. Adsorption, surface area, and porosity[M]. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press, 1982. [23] 严继民, 张启元. 吸附与凝聚: 固体的表面与孔[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1979.YAN Jiming, ZHANG Qiyuan. Adsorption and condensation: the surface and pore of solid[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1979. [24] SING K S W, EVERETT D H, HAUL R A W, et al. Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)[J]. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1985, 57(4): 603-619. [25] BRUNAUER S, EMMETT P H, TELLER E. Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1938, 60(2): 309-319. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/313009065_Adsorption_of_gases_in_multimolecular_layers -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 232
- HTML全文浏览量: 75
- PDF下载量: 83
- 被引次数: 0
苏公网安备32021102000780号