黔北坳陷小草坝古油藏储层沥青成因及演化

张润合; 斯春松; 黄羚; 包建平; 马立桥; 王鹏万; 鲁慧丽; 蒋兴超

doi:10.11781/sysydz201701099

黔北坳陷小草坝古油藏储层沥青成因及演化

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201701099

1.
中国石油杭州地质研究院, 杭州 310023
2. 长江大学, 湖北荆州 434023

基金项目: 中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目（2012B-0504）资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
张润合(1970-),男,博士,高级工程师,从事油气地球化学与成藏研究。E-mail:zhangrh_hz@petrochina.com.cn。

中图分类号: TE122.116
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-07-04
- 修回日期: 2016-12-15
- 刊出日期: 2017-01-28

Genesis and evolution of reservoir bitumen in Xiaocaoba paleo-oil reservoir, Qianbei Depression

1.
PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
2. Changjiang University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China

摘要

摘要: 黔北坳陷小草坝泥盆系古油藏储层沥青充填于生物碎屑白云岩的溶蚀孔洞、晶间孔及裂缝中，储层沥青为固态，沥青等效镜质体反射率在4.08%~4.14%之间，在有机溶剂中基本不溶解。沥青正构烷烃轻重比较高，一般介于1.5~9.0之间，前峰优势显著；多数沥青样品的萜烷中三环萜丰度相对于霍烷具有明显优势，这些样品甾烷中C₂₁孕甾烷和C₂₂升孕甾烷丰度相对于C₂₇-C₂₉甾烷同样具有明显优势。沥青及沥青包裹体不发荧光，红外光谱中无脂族基团和含氧基团吸收峰。沥青的物理、光学性质及地球化学特征表明其经历了高温热演化，为热裂解成因。沥青的甾萜烷参数和碳同位素组成与筇竹寺组、龙马溪组烃源岩区别明显，而沥青碳同位素与上古生界烃源岩有很好的可比性，表明沥青的油源来自上古生界烃源岩。成藏史恢复表明，古油藏于三叠纪中晚期形成，白垩纪早期深埋裂解形成固体沥青，燕山-喜马拉雅期抬升暴露至地表。
- 沥青成因 /
- 沥青演化 /
- 储层沥青 /
- 古油藏 /
- 泥盆系 /
- 黔北坳陷
Abstract: The solid bitumen in the Xiaocaoba paleo-oil reservoir of Devonian in the Qianbei Depression fills solution caves, intracrystalline pores and fractures of dolomites containing biodetritus. The solid bitumen, with an equivalent R_o of 4.08%-4.14%, hardly dissolves in organic solvent. The n-alkanes have a high n-C_21^-/n-C_22⁺ value at the range of 1.5-9.0. Most bitumen samples have a higher abundance of cheilanthanes relative to hopanes, and also a relatively higher abundance of C₂₁-pregnane and C₂₂-pregnane relative to C_27-29-sterane. The bitumen and bitumen inclusions do not fluoresce, and the bitumen has no absorption peaks of aliphatic series-containing groups or oxygen-containing groups in the infrared spectrum. The physical, optical and geochemical characteristics of bitumen indicate that it formed in the process of thermal cracking under high temperature. The sterane and terpane parameters and the δ¹³C of the bitumen are obviously different from those of sources rocks in the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation. But the δ¹³C of the bitumen are very close to that of the Upper Paleozoic sources rocks, indicating that the bitumen derived from these source rocks. Ancient oil reservoirs are interpreted to have been trapped in the Middle-Late Triassic period. The bitumen formed in the Early Cretaceous period while oil reservoirs were deeply buried and then uplifted to ground level in the Yan-shanian and Himalayan periods.
- bitumen origin /
- bitumen evolution /
- reservoir bitumen /
- ancient oil reservoir /
- Devonian /
- Qianbei Depression

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