塔里木盆地顺北油田油气来源研究

谷茸; 云露; 朱秀香; 朱猛

doi:10.11781/sysydz202002248

塔里木盆地顺北油田油气来源研究

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202002248

中国石化西北油田分公司, 乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项“塔里木—鄂尔多斯盆地海相碳酸盐岩层系大中型油气田形成规律与勘探评价” 2017ZX05005-002

中国石化科技部项目 P16088

详细信息

作者简介:
谷茸(1987-), 女, 助理研究员, 从事油气地质勘探研究。E-mail: skygrong@163.com

中图分类号: TE122.11
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-10-17
- 修回日期: 2020-02-27
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-28

Oil and gas sources in Shunbei Oilfield, Tarim Basin

SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China

摘要

摘要: 基于塔里木盆地顺北地区原油和天然气样品的地球化学特征分析，研究了顺北地区奥陶系中下统油气来源。通过饱和烃色谱及饱和烃、芳烃色谱-质谱、全油及族组分碳同位素检测，发现原油样品中C₂₃三环萜烷占优势，伽马蜡烷含量低，C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ααα20R规则甾烷表现为不规则的“V”字形分布，规则甾烷相对重排甾烷含量高，原油碳同位素偏轻，与柯坪露头及孔探1井等下寒武统烃源岩有很好的亲缘性；天然气δ¹³C₁值为-50.7‰~-44.7‰，天然气δ¹³C₂值为-36.1‰~-33.1‰，干燥系数为0.520~0.883，为原油伴生气，油气同源，判断顺北油田油气主要来源于下寒武统烃源岩。通过已钻井岩相、沉积相和全盆地地震相资料，预测下寒武统烃源岩在塔里木盆地广泛分布，厚度在30 m左右，有机碳含量高，生烃潜力大，具有长期生烃、多期供烃的特点，能提供充足的油气资源，是塔里木盆地台盆区最主要的烃源岩。
- 油源对比 /
- 油气来源 /
- 主力烃源岩 /
- 奥陶系 /
- 顺北地区 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: The hydrocarbon sources in the Middle and Lower Ordovician in the Shunbei area of the Tarim Basin were studied based on the geochemical characteristics of oil and gas samples. The saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography, mass spectrometry of crude oil and natural gas, and the carbon isotope distribution of whole oil and group components were used. The C₂₃ tricyclic terpane is dominant in crude oil samples from the Shunbei area, with a low content of gammacerane. The C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ααα20R regular steranes show an irregular "V" shape distribution. The regular steranes account for a larger amount than the rearranged steranes, and the carbon isotope of the crude oils is light. The geochemical characteristics of crude oil samples from the Middle and Lower Ordovician in the Shunbei area have a good affinity with those from the Lower Cambrian in the Keping outcrop and the well KT1. The δ¹³C₁ and δ¹³C₂ values of natural gas samples are -50.7‰ to -44.7‰ and -36.1‰ to -33.1‰, respectively. The gas dryness coefficient ranges from 0.520 to 0.883. The oil and natural gas in the Shunbei Oilfield have the same source, that is, the Lower Cambrian source rocks. The distribution of source rocks in the Lower Cambrian of the Tarim Basin was predicted by means of drilled lithofacies, sedimentary facies and seismic facies of the whole basin. The source rocks are about 30 m thick. They have a high TOC content and show a great hydrocarbon generation potential. They have experienced a long term of hydrocarbon generation and multiple stages of hydrocarbon supply, providing significant oil and gas resources for the Tarim Basin.
- oil-source correlation /
- oil and gas source /
- main source rock /
- Ordovician /
- Shunbei area /
- Tarim Basin

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图 1 塔里木盆地顺北油田构造位置

Figure 1. Structure map and location of Shunbei Oilfield, Tarim Basin

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图 2 塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系原油与下寒武统玉尔吐斯组烃源岩m/z 191和m/z 217图谱对比

Figure 2. m/z 191 and m/z 217 mass chromatograms of Ordovician crude oil and $ \mathrm{{\rlap{-} C }} $ ₁y source rocks in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

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图 3 塔里木盆地下寒武统烃源岩发育模式^[19]

Figure 3. Development model of Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tarim Basin

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图 4 塔里木盆地下寒武统沉积相及烃源岩厚度预测^[19]

Figure 4. Prediction of sedimentary facies and source rock thickness of Lower Cambrian, Tarim Basin

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表 1 塔里木盆地顺北地区原油性质

Table 1. Nature of crude oil in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin

断裂带	井号	层位	深度/m		原油密度(20 ℃)/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50 ℃)/(mP·s)	凝固点/℃	含硫量/%	含蜡量/%
断裂带	井号	层位	斜深	垂深	原油密度(20 ℃)/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50 ℃)/(mP·s)	凝固点/℃	含硫量/%	含蜡量/%
1号带北段	SHB1-3	中奥陶统	7 255.70~7 389.50	7 255.70~7 357.89	0.795 5	2.52	-20	0.103	8.23
	SHB1-6H	中奥陶统	7 288.16~7 789.07	7 288.16~7 399.75	0.789 3	2.16	-16	0.104	2.84
	SHB1-1H	中奥陶统	7 458.00~7 613.05	7 458.00~7 557.66	0.795 5	3.11	-4	0.120	2.82
	SHB1-4H	中奥陶统	7 459.00~8 049.50	7 459.00~7 561.96	0.796 9	2.88	-14	0.133	5.29
	SHB1-2H	中奥陶统	7 469.00~7 778.11	7 469.00~7 569.47	0.808 8	3.28	-14	0.109	2.28
1号带南段	SHB1-11H	中奥陶统	7 572.00~7 732.17	7 572.00~7 732.17	0.793 4	2.56	-34	0.106	4.58
1号带南段	SHB1-15H	中下奥陶统	7 614.00~8 010.00	7 614.00~8 007.13	0.793 8	2.52	-24	0.115	3.94
5号带	SHB5	中下奥陶统	7 315.00~7 950.06	7 315.00~7 650.64	0.829 6	4.37	﹤-34	0.198	4.38
	SHB5-2	中奥陶统	7 460.33~7 527.16	7 460.33~7 527.16	0.823 4	5.18	-24	0.195	1.05
	SHB51X	中奥陶统	7 556.00~7 876.00	7 556.00~7 683.64	0.802 4	3.66	-14	0.094	4.24
	SHB5-6	中下奥陶统	7 518.00~8 026.00	7 518.00~7 942.65	0.809 8	5.38	-10	0.093
7号带	SHB7	中下奥陶统	7 568.46~8 121.00	7 568.46~7 863.66	0.859 1	18.72	-16	0.159	3.65

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表 2 塔里木盆地顺北地区天然气烃类组成

Table 2. Hydrocarbon composition of natural gas in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

断裂带	井号	层位	天然气相对密度	烃类组分含量/%			干燥系数/%	非烃类组分含量/%		天然气类型
断裂带	井号	层位	天然气相对密度	甲烷	乙烷	丙烷以上	干燥系数/%	N₂	CO₂	天然气类型
1号带北段	SHB1-3	中奥陶统	0.68	83.37	6.63	5.32	87.62	2.40	2.27	湿气
	SHB1-6H	中奥陶统	0.68	83.61	6.63	4.54	88.33	2.66	2.56
	SHB1-1H	中奥陶统	0.70	81.14	7.55	5.99	85.83	2.88	2.43
	SHB1-4H	中奥陶统	0.71	78.60	8.98	6.18	83.94	4.12	2.14
	SHB1-2H	中奥陶统	0.72	78.32	8.52	6.78	83.81	4.28	2.10
1号带南段	SHB1-11H	中奥陶统	0.75	74.67	9.76	8.67	80.40	4.83	2.08
1号带南段	SHB1-15H	中下奥陶统	0.77	71.99	10.46	8.60	79.23	4.75	4.19
5号带	SHB5	中下奥陶统	0.91	48.90	17.58	14.88	60.29	15.17	3.48
	SHB5-2	中奥陶统	0.89	52.78	17.04	14.36	62.88	12.93	2.81
	SHB51X	中奥陶统	0.75	73.51	9.51	7.63	81.28	6.27	2.55
	SHB5-6	中下奥陶统	0.74	73.21	9.88	7.31	81.17	8.19	1.40
7号带	SHB7	中下奥陶统	1.00	42.54	19.37	20.22	52.03	11.02	5.48

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表 3 塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系原油与下寒武统烃源岩生标参数对比

Table 3. Biomarkers of Ordovician crude oil and Lower Cambrian source rocks in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

采样点	样品	层位	三类规则甾烷相对含量/%			Ts/(Ts+Tm)	重排甾烷/规则甾烷	C₂₁/C₂₃三环萜烷	G/C₃₀藿烷
采样点	样品	层位	C₂₇ααα20R	C₂₈ααα20R	C₂₉ααα20R	Ts/(Ts+Tm)	重排甾烷/规则甾烷	C₂₁/C₂₃三环萜烷	G/C₃₀藿烷
顺北1井	原油	O₂yj	33	15	52	0.780	0.410	0.520	-
顺北1-4井	原油	O₂yj	35	28	38	0.475	0.456	0.515	-
顺北5井	原油	O₂yj+O_1-2y	33	15	52	0.497	0.416	0.540	-
顺北7井	原油	O₂yj+O_1-2y	25	15	60	0.657	0.510	0.640	0.118
苏盖特布拉克剖面	泥岩	$ \mathrm{{\rlap{-} C }} $₁y	35	30	36	0.440	0.170	0.790	0.295
孔探1井	泥岩	$ \mathrm{{\rlap{-} C }} $₁xs	36	30	34	0.380	0.110	0.560	0.380

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