准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗有机地球化学特征及成因

周妮; 李际; 刘翠敏; 何丹; 杨红霞; 王海静

doi:10.11781/sysydz202006957

准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗有机地球化学特征及成因

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202006957

中国石油新疆油田分公司实验检测研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

详细信息

作者简介:
周妮(1982-), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 从事油气地球化学研究。E-mail: zhouni@petrochina.com.cn

中图分类号: TE122.11
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-12
- 修回日期: 2020-10-21
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-28

Organic geochemistry and genesis of oil and gas seeps in the southern Junggar Basin

Research Institute of Experiment and Testing, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

摘要

摘要: 为查明准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗的成因及其石油地质意义，对典型油气苗的地球化学特征进行了研究。该地区的油气苗可以分为4类：A类主要分布于南缘东段，油源为二叠系；B类分布于南缘中段第一排构造的齐古地区和南缘西段的托斯台背斜，油源以侏罗系为主；C类主要分布于南缘中段第二排构造，油源为白垩系；D类主要分布于南缘西段的乌苏—独山子地区，以泥火山为特色，油源为古近系而气源为侏罗系。油气苗的分布表现出典型的“源—断”双控特征，并与主要的含油气系统有很好的匹配关系，是地下油气藏在地面的直接线索，下步建议“西段上组合找气、中段中组合找油和东段下组合找有利储层”。
- 油气苗 /
- 泥火山 /
- 油砂 /
- 沥青 /
- 准噶尔盆地南缘
Abstract: The geochemical characteristics of oil and gas seepages from southerm Junggar Basin were studied in order to determine the origin of complex seepages and their petroleum geology significance. The oil and gas seeps in the study area can be divided into 4 types. Type A is mainly distributed in the east section, mainly sourced from the Permian. Type B is mainly in the Qigu area, the first structural zone in the middle section and the Tuositai anticline in the west section, mainly sourced from the Jurassic. Type C is distributed in the second structural zone of the middle section, mainly from the Cretaceous. Type D is mainly distributed in Wusu-Dushanzi area of the west section, featured by mud volcanoes, with oil from the Paleogene and gas from the Jurassic. The distribution of oil and gas seeps shows a typical "source-fault" dual control mechanism, and has a good match with the main oil and gas systems, which is a direct indicator of underground oil and gas reservoirs on the surface. Further hydrocarbon exploration should be focused on gas in the upper segment in the west section, oil in the middle segment in the middle section, and favorable reservoirs in the lower segment of the east section.
- oil-gas seeps /
- mud volcano /
- oil sand /
- bitumen /
- southern Junggar Basin

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图 1 准噶尔盆地南缘构造及油气苗分布

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of structure and oil and gas seep distribution in southern Junggar Basin

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图 2 准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗野外照片

Figure 2. Field photos of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

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图 3 准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗基础地球化学特征

Figure 3. Geochemistry of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

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图 4 准噶尔盆地南缘东段A类油苗(大龙口沥青)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 4. Typical biomarker spectra of type A oil seeps (Dalongkou bitumen) in east section of southern Junggar Basin

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图 5 准噶尔盆地南缘中段B类油苗(齐古液体油苗)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 5. Typical biomarker spectra of type B oil seeps (Qigu oil seep) in middle section of southern Junggar Basin

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图 6 准噶尔盆地南缘中段C油苗(霍尔果斯油砂)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 6. Typical biomarker spectra of type C oil seeps (Horgos oil sands) in middle section of southern Junggar Basin

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图 7 准噶尔盆地南缘西段D类油气苗(独山子泥火山)典型生物标志化合物谱图

Figure 7. Typical biomarker spectra of type D oil and gas seeps (Dushanzi mud volcano) in west section of southern Junggar Basin

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图 8 准噶尔盆地南缘4类油气苗成因模式

Figure 8. Genetic models of four types of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

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表 1 准噶尔盆地南缘油气苗分类及典型地球化学特征

Table 1. Classification and typical geochemical parameters of oil and gas seeps in southern Junggar Basin

分类	油源	地区	典型剖面	油气苗类型	典型地球化学特征
A	P	东段	大龙口	沥青	碳同位素小于-30‰； Pr/Ph=0.8~1.2； β-胡萝卜烷: 低； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“上升型”
B	J (+P/E)	中/西段	齐古	液体油苗	碳同位素大于-29‰； Pr/Ph=1.5~3.0； β-胡萝卜烷/伽马蜡烷: 极低； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“上升型”
C	K	中段	霍尔果斯	油砂	碳同位素小于-29‰； Pr/Ph < 0.8； β-胡萝卜烷/伽马蜡烷: 高； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“V”型
D	E (+J)	西段	独山子	泥火山	碳同位素大于-28.5‰； Pr/Ph=0.8~1.5； β-胡萝卜烷/伽马蜡烷: 低； C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉规则甾烷呈“V”型

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