Chemical characteristics of formation water and the relationship with oil and gas preservation on northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
-
摘要: 准噶尔盆地西北缘油气富集，油水关系复杂。基于研究区大量地层水化学数据，分析了石炭系—白垩系各含油层系地层水化学垂向、平面分布特征，并结合地质背景，对红山嘴油田进行解剖，探讨了地层水化学特征与油气保存之间的关系。研究区纵向上从深到浅、地层由老到新，地层水矿化度逐渐减小；平面上，石炭系—白垩系，地层水矿化度高值区呈现从西北缘逐渐往盆地内部迁移的趋势。盆缘地区或克—乌断裂上盘等地区受地表水或大气水下渗淋滤影响较大，地层水处于自由交替循环带，分布低矿化度、低氯离子浓度的Na2SO4型或NaHCO3型水，地层封闭性较差，通常形成稠油；往盆地内部或克—乌断裂下盘等地区，地层水处于交替停滞带或阻滞带，浓缩程度高，主要分布高矿化度、高氯离子浓度CaCl2型水，地层封闭性好，形成保存较好的中—轻质油。Abstract: The northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin is rich in oil and gas, and the relationship between oil and water is complicated. A large amount of formation water data was used to examine the vertical and lateral distribution of the water chemistry in oil-bearing strata from the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous. Combined with the geological background, the Hongshanzui Oilfield was dissected and the relationship between the chemical characteristics of formation water and the preservation of oil and gas is discussed. The results show that the formation water salinity decreases gradually when the burial depth varies from deep to shallow layers and the stratigraphic age varies from old to new. From the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous, the high salinity area of the formation water gradually migrates from the northwestern margin to the interior of the basin. The margin of the basin or the Ke-Wu fracture hanging wall is greatly affected by the infiltration and leaching of surface water or atmospheric water. The formation water is in a free alternating circulation zone, with low salinity, low chloride ion concentration Na2SO4 type or NaHCO3 type water. The formation is poorly sealed, and heavy oil is usually formed. To the interior of the basin or the Ke-Wu fracture footwall, the formation water is in an alternating or stable stagnation zone, with a high degree of concentration. There mainly exists high salinity and high chloride ion concentration CaCl2 type water. The formation has good sealing properties and forms well-preserved medium-light oil.
-
图 1 准噶尔盆地西北缘地质简图
1.风城油田；2.乌尔禾油田；3.夏子街油田；4.玛北油田；5.百口泉油田；6.艾湖油田；7.克拉玛依油田；8.石南油气田；9.红山嘴油田；10.金龙油田；11.小拐油田；12.莫北油气田；13.莫索湾油气田；14.车排子油田；15.卡因迪克油田
Figure 1. Geological sketch map of northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
图 2 准噶尔盆地西北缘地层水化学垂向典型分布特征
Figure 2. Vertical distribution of formation water chemistry on the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
图 3 准噶尔盆地西北缘地层水水型分布特征
Figure 3. Distribution of formation water types on the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
图 4 准噶尔盆地西北缘地层水矿化度平面分布特征
Figure 4. Lateral distribution of formation water salinity on the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
图 5 准噶尔盆地西北缘一至九区地层水矿化度和原油密度统计
Figure 5. Statistical histogram of formation water salinity and crude oil density of regions 1-9 on the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
图 6 准噶尔盆地红山嘴油田地层水矿化度及原油密度垂向分布特征
Figure 6. Vertical distribution of formation water salinity and crude oil density in Hongshanzui oilfield
表 1 准噶尔盆地西北缘地层水化学特征统计
Table 1. Formation water chemical characteristics on northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
地层 样品数 矿化度/(g·L-1) 氯离子/(g·L-1) 重碳酸根离子/(g·L-1) 钠氯系数[r(Na+)/r(Cl-)] 脱硫系数[r(SO2-4)/r(Cl-)]×100 盐化系数{r(Cl-)/[r(HCO-3)+r(CO2-3)]} 白垩系 52 1.13/50.10(11.64) 0.21/19.85(5.38) 0.03/10.52(2.00) 0.90/2.41(1.33) 0.03/45.10(8.04) 0.51/146.57(12.41) 侏罗系 687 1.15/71.91(8.69) 0.17/41.30(4.22) 0.009/9.09(1.32) 0.48/5.64(1.40) 0.01/184.22(12.89) 0.35/354.50(13.36) 三叠系 2 015 0.93/144.49(10.83) 0.14/37.58(5.53) 0.003/101.16(1.27) 0.20/10.65(1.21) 0.02/142.15(5.59) 0.12/530.92(21.84) 二叠系 813 0.94/236.83(25.90) 0.14/96.92(11.23) 0.005/55.71(2.52) 0.13/9.80(1.05) 0.007/188.59(7.27) 0.13/658.50(33.77) 石炭系 404 0.92/139.03(18.60) 0.14/43.33(9.18) 0.005/48.79(1.92) 0.22/5.31(1.00) 0.003/191.14(6.94) 0.37/1715.62(82.19) 注：表中数据意义为：最小值/最大值(平均值)。 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 李梅, 金爱民, 楼章华, 等. 准噶尔盆地地层流体特征与油气运聚成藏[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2012, 33(4): 607-615. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201204018.htmLI Mei, JIN Aimin, LOU Zhanghua, et al. Formation fluid characte-ristics and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in Junggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(4): 607-615. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201204018.htm [2] 李宗浩, 刘海磊, 卞保力, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘掩伏带构造特征及勘探潜力分析[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25(5): 56-60. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ201805011.htmLI Zonghao, LIU Hailei, BIAN Baoli, et al. Structure characte-rization and exploration potential analysis of the shielding belt in the northwestern rim of Junggar Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2018, 25(5): 56-60. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ201805011.htm [3] 刘明杨, 张永波, 谭建华, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛东斜坡百口泉组岩性油气成藏特征: 以陆梁油田YB4井区为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41(3): 372-378. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201903372LIU Mingyang, ZHANG Yongbo, TAN Jianhua, et al. Lithologic hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics of Baikouquan Formation, Madong Slope, Junggar Basin: a case of YB 4 well block, Luliang Oil Field[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 41(3): 372-378. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201903372 [4] 谭开俊, 张帆, 尹路, 等. 准噶尔盆地乌夏地区地层水与油气保存条件[J]. 石油实验地质, 2012, 34(1): 36-39. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201201036TAN Kaijun, ZHANG Fan, YIN Lu, et al. Preservation conditions for formation water and hydrocarbon in Wuxia area, Junggar Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2012, 34(1): 36-39. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201201036 [5] 查明, 陈中红, 张年富, 等. 准噶尔盆地陆梁地区水化学特征与油气运聚[J]. 地质科学, 2003, 38(3): 315-322. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200303005.htmZHA Ming, CHEN Zhonghong, ZHANG Nianfu, et al. Hydrochemical conditions and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Luliang uplift, Junggar Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2003, 38(3): 315-322. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKX200303005.htm [6] 金爱民, 楼章华, 朱蓉, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘地下水化学分布特征[J]. 天然气工业, 2006, 26(11): 14-17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG200611005.htmJIN Aimin, LOU Zhanghua, ZHU Rong, et al. Distribution features of groundwater mineralization parameters at NW margin of the Junggar Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2006, 26(11): 14-17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG200611005.htm [7] VARSÁNYI I, KOVÁCS L Ó. Origin, chemical and isotopic evolution of formation water in geopressured zones in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary[J]. Chemical Geology, 2009, 264(1/4): 187-196. [8] MUNZ I A, JOHANSEN H, HUSEBY O, et al. Water flooding of the Oseberg Øst oil field, Norwegian North Sea: application of formation water chemistry and isotopic composition for production monitoring[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2010, 27(4): 838-852. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.12.003 [9] 刘桂凤, 王莉, 李春涛, 等. 准噶尔盆地腹部地层水化学特征与油气成藏关系[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2007, 28(1): 54-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD200701014.htmLIU Guifeng, WANG Li, LI Chuntao, et al. Relationship between chemical characteristic of formation water and hydrocarbon accumulation in hinterland of Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geo-logy, 2007, 28(1): 54-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD200701014.htm [10] 董万百, 林艳萍, 高红. 准噶尔盆地腹部及南缘水化学纵向变化规律[J]. 石油实验地质, 2001, 23(2): 195-199. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200102195DONG Wanbai, LIN Yanping, GAO Hong. Longitudinal changing regularity of hydrochemistry for the southern edge and hinterland of the Junggar Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2001, 23(2): 195-199. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200102195 [11] 叶素娟, 李嵘, 张世华. 川西坳陷中段侏罗系次生气藏地层水化学特征及与油气运聚关系[J]. 石油实验地质, 2014, 36(4): 487-494. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201404487YE Sujuan, LI Rong, ZHANG Shihua. Chemical characteristics of Jurassic formation water and its relationship with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in middle part of Western Sichuan Depression[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2014, 36(4): 487-494. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201404487 [12] 韩志艳, 陆建林, 王保华, 等. 长岭断陷营城组水文地质特征及油气地质意义[J]. 石油实验地质, 2013, 35(3): 269-273. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201303269HAN Zhiyan, LU Jianlin, WANG Baohua, et al. Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Yingcheng Formation in Changling Fault Depression and its petroleum geologic significance[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2013, 35(3): 269-273. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201303269 [13] 徐国盛, 刘树根, 袁海锋, 等. 川东地区石炭系天然气成藏动力学研究[J]. 石油学报, 2005, 26(4): 12-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200504002.htmXU Guosheng, LIU Shugen, YUAN Haifeng, et al. Dynamics of natural gas pools of Carboniferous in the eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2005, 26(4): 12-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200504002.htm [14] 李梅, 金爱民, 楼章华, 等. 高邮凹陷南部真武地区地层水化学特征与油气运聚的关系[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 34(5): 50-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDX201005011.htmLI Mei, JIN Aimin, LOU Zhanghua, et al. Hydrochemical properties of formation water and its relationship with oil and gas migration and accumulation in Zhenwu area of southern Gaoyou Sag[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2010, 34(5): 50-56. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDX201005011.htm [15] 马永生, 楼章华, 郭彤楼, 等. 中国南方海相地层油气保存条件综合评价技术体系探讨[J]. 地质学报, 2006, 80(3): 406-417. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200603013.htmMA Yongsheng, LOU Zhanghua, GUO Tonglou, et al. An exploration on a technological system of petroleum preservation evaluation for marine strata in South China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006, 80(3): 406-417. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200603013.htm [16] WORDEN R H, MANNING D A C, BOTTRELL S H. Multiple generations of high salinity formation water in the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone: Wytch Farm oilfield, onshore UK[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2006, 21(3): 455-475. [17] TÓTH J. Gravity-induced cross-formational flow of formation fluids, Red Earth region, Alberta, Canada: analysis, patterns, and evolution[J]. Water Resources Research, 1978, 14(5): 805-843. [18] BACHU S. Synthesis and model of formation-water flow, Alberta Basin, Canada[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1995, 79(8): 1159-1178. [19] GRASBY S E, CHEN Zhuoheng, DEWING K. Formation water geochemistry of the Sverdrup Basin: implications for hydrocarbon development in the High Arctic[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 2012, 27(8): 1623-1632. [20] 任国选, 侯读杰, 史玉玲, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘红山嘴油田地层水特征与油气藏聚集关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2013, 34(2): 179-184. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201302008.htmREN Guoxuan, HOU Dujie, SHI Yuling, et al. Relationship between formation water characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation in Hongshanzui oilfield in the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2013, 34(2): 179-184. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201302008.htm [21] 陈建平, 查明, 周瑶琪. 准噶尔盆地西北缘地层水化学特征与油气关系研究[J]. 地质地球化学, 2000, 28(3): 54-58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDQ200003005.htmCHEN Jianping, ZHA Ming, ZHOU Yaoqi. Chemical characteristics of formation water in relation with oil/gas in the northwestern parts of Junggar Basin[J]. Geology-Geochemistry, 2000, 28(3): 54-58. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDQ200003005.htm [22] 隋风贵. 准噶尔盆地西北缘构造演化及其与油气成藏的关系[J]. 地质学报, 2015, 89(4): 779-793. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201504010.htmSUI Fenggui. Tectonic evolution and its relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the northwest margin of Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2015, 89(4): 779-793. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201504010.htm [23] 杜社宽. 准噶尔盆地西北缘前陆冲断带特征及对油气聚集作用的研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院, 2004.DU Shekuan. Reserch on the foreland thrust belt and on the accumulation of petroleum in the north-western margin of the Junggar Basin, China[D]. Beijing: Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2004. [24] 雷振宇, 鲁兵, 蔚远江, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘构造演化与扇体形成和分布[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2005, 26(1): 86-91. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200501011.htmLEI Zhenyu, LU Bing, WEI Yuanjiang, et al. Tectonic evolution and development and distribution of fans on northwestern edge of Junggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2005, 26(1): 86-91. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200501011.htm [25] 韦书铭. 准噶尔盆地西北缘石油地质综合研究[D]. 成都: 西南石油学院, 2002.WEI Shuming. A comprehensive study of petroleum geology in the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum Insitute, 2002. [26] 朱哲. 准噶尔盆地西北缘构造解释与圈闭综合评价: 以克拉玛依油田八区-446井区为例[D]. 成都: 西南石油大学, 2016.ZHU Zhe. Structural interpretation and comprehensive evalution of traps in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2016. [27] 曹剑, 雷德文, 李玉文, 等. 古老碱湖优质烃源岩: 准噶尔盆地下二叠统风城组[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(7): 781-790. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201507002.htmCAO Jian, LEI Dewen, LI Yuwen, et al. Ancient high-quality alkaline lacustrine source rocks discovered in the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation, Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(7): 781-790. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201507002.htm [28] 刘光祥, 沃玉进, 潘文蕾, 等. 中上扬子区海相层系流体特征与油气保存条件[J]. 石油实验地质, 2011, 33(1): 17-21. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201101017LIU Guangxiang, WO Yujin, PAN Wenlei, et al. Fluid characte-ristics and hydrocarbon preservation conditions in marine facies strata of Middle-Upper Yangtze region[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2011, 33(1): 17-21. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201101017 [29] 秦志军, 陈丽华, 李玉文, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下二叠统风城组碱湖古沉积背景[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2016, 37(1): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD201601002.htmQIN Zhijun, CHEN Lihua, LI Yuwen, et al. Paleo-sedimentary setting of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Alkali Lake in Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2016, 37(1): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD201601002.htm [30] 张元元, 李威, 唐文斌. 玛湖凹陷风城组碱湖烃源岩发育的构造背景和形成环境[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2018, 39(1): 48-54. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD201801012.htmZHANG Yuanyuan, LI Wei, TANG Wenbin. Tectonic setting and environment of alkaline lacustrine source rocks in the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation of Mahu Sag[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2018, 39(1): 48-54. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD201801012.htm [31] 汪梦诗, 张志杰, 周川闽, 等. 准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下二叠统风城组碱湖岩石特征与成因[J]. 古地理学报, 2018, 20(1): 147-162. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDLX201801012.htmWANG Mengshi, ZHANG Zhijie, ZHOU Chuanmin, et al. Litholo-gical characteristics and origin of alkaline lacustrine of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2018, 20(1): 147-162. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDLX201801012.htm [32] 张晓路. 克乌断裂带构造演化及其对沉积发育模式的控制作用[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京), 2017.ZHANG Xiaolu. Tectonic evolution of the Ke-Wu Fault Belt and its effect on the controlling of the sedimentary development mode[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 2017. [33] 仲伟军, 黄新华, 张玉华, 等. 准噶尔盆地红车断裂带结构特征及其控藏作用[J]. 复杂油气藏, 2018, 11(2): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZYQ201802001.htmZHONG Weijun, HUANG Xinhua, ZHANG Yuhua, et al. Structural characteristics and reservoir forming control of Hongche fault zone in Junggar Basin[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2018, 11(2): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZYQ201802001.htm [34] 李学良, 张奎华, 林会喜, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系风城组储层发育特征及油气富集因素[J]. 特种油气藏, 2019, 26(1): 37-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ201901007.htmLI Xueliang, ZHANG Kuihua, LIN Huixi, et al. Reservoir characte-rization and hydrocarbon enrichment factors of the permian fengcheng formation in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2019, 26(1): 37-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ201901007.htm [35] 梁舒艺, 吴孔友, 黄芸, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭系风化壳特征及油气地质意义[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25(2): 56-59. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ201802010.htmLIANG Shuyi, WU Kongyou, HUANG Yun, et al. Weathering crust characterization and its hydrocarbon geology significance in the northwestern Junggar Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2018, 25(2): 56-59. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ201802010.htm [36] 谭丽娟, 林鑫. 辽东湾坳陷油田水化学特征与油气运聚的关系[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2015, 15(11): 171-177. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXJS201511032.htmTAN Lijuan, LIN Xin. Hydrochemical properties of oilfield water and its relationship with oil and gas migration and accumulation in the Liaodong Bay Depression[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2015, 15(11): 171-177. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXJS201511032.htm [37] 刘方槐. 盖层在气藏保存和破坏中的作用及其评价方法[J]. 天然气地球科学, 1991, 2(5): 220-227. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX199105006.htmLIU Fanghuai. The role of cap formation in the preservation and destruction of gas reservoirs and its evaluation method[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 1991, 2(5): 220-227. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX199105006.htm -
点击查看大图
图(6) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 605
- HTML全文浏览量: 118
- PDF下载量: 131
- 被引次数: 0
苏公网安备32021102000780号