Gas-bearing property evaluation by petrophysical logging in shale gas reservoirs: a case study in J area of Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
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摘要: 页岩储层岩性较复杂、储集空间类型多样，现有的含气性测井综合评价方法体系还不够完善。为深化四川盆地涪陵页岩气田J区块页岩储层含气性评价认识，应用密度-中子叠合法、自然伽马-去铀伽马叠合法、铀-钍比值法开展含气储层定性识别，并对吸附气、游离气、孔隙度、含气饱和度等含气性参数进行了测井定量预测研究。在多参数对比研究的基础上，优选了有机碳含量、孔隙度、含气饱和度、硅质含量、埋深为影响含气性测井评价参数，采用灰色关联分析法构建出储层含气性测井评价指数GQ，建立了含气性评价标准，即Ⅰ类含气储层GQ ≥ 0.57，Ⅱ类含气储层0.37 < GQ < 0.57，Ⅲ类含气储层GQ ≤ 0.37。该方法应用于J区块表明，含气性参数定量预测模型精度较高，且含气性评价标准可以对储层含气性进行有效的评价和分类，具有很好的推广前景。Abstract: The lithology of shale reservoirs is complex and the types of storage porosity are diverse. The existing gas-bearing property evaluation system by petrophysical logging is not perfect. In order to deepen the understanding of the gas-bearing capacity evaluation of shale reservoirs in J area of the Fuling shale gas field in the Sichuan Basin, the density-neutron curve superposition method, natural gamma-de-uranium gamma curve superposition method, and uranium-thorium ratio method are applied in qualitative recognition. Quantitative logging research was carried out on gas-bearing parameters such as adsorbed gas, free gas, porosity, and gas saturation. Based on the multi-parameter comparative study, organic carbon content, porosity, gas saturation, siliceous content, and burial depth are selected as the logging evaluation parameters that affect gas-bearing properties. A logging evaluation index (GQ) for gas-bearing capacity is constructed using fuzzy correlation analysis. The gas-bearing evaluation criterion is established, that is, GQ ≥ 0.57 for type Ⅰ gas-bearing reservoirs, 0.37 < GQ < 0.57 for type Ⅱ gas-bearing reservoirs, and GQ ≤ 0.37 for type Ⅲ gas-bearing reservoirs. The application of this method in J area shows that the accuracy of the quantitative prediction model for gas-bearing parameters is high, and the gas-bearing evaluation criteria can effectively evaluate and classify the gas-bearing properties of the reservoir.
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图 1 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田J区块焦页A井目的层段综合特征
Figure 1. Comprehensive features of interest intervals in well A, J area, Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
图 2 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田J区块直井连井图
Figure 2. Multi-well comparison of J area, Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
图 3 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田J区块各参数与无阻流量交会图
Figure 3. Cross-plots of multiple parameters and open-flow capacity of J area, Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
图 4 含气性综合评价指数概率累积曲线
Figure 4. Cumulative probability curve of comprehensive evaluation index of gas-bearing property
图 5 含气性综合评价指数与最高测试产量交会图
Figure 5. Cross-plots of comprehensive evaluation index of gas-bearing property and max-test production
图 6 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田J区块测井参数与含气性测井综合评价指数交会图
Figure 6. Cross-plots of logging parameters and comprehensive evaluation index of gas-bearing property of J area, Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
表 1 各项参数权重系数
Table 1. Weight coefficient of every parameter
参数 有机碳含量 孔隙度 含气饱和度 硅质含量 埋深 关联度ri 0.69 0.57 0.70 0.59 0.59 权重系数Wi 0.22 0.18 0.22 0.19 0.19 
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表 2 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田J区块含气性测井综合评价标准
Table 2. Comprehensive logging evaluation criteria of gas-bearing property of J area, Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
评价等级 GQ 有机碳含量/% 孔隙度/% 硅质含量/% Ⅰ ≥0.57 ≥4 ≥4.5 ≥60 Ⅱ 0.37~0.57 3.5~4 4~4.5 55~60 Ⅲ ≤0.37 ≤3.5 ≤4 ≤55
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