Controlling factors and countermeasures for exploring large and medium-sized gas fields in Sichuan Basin
-
摘要: 作为世界上最早开发利用天然气的地区，四川盆地油气资源丰富，已经发现了28个工业油气产层，建立起了我国第一个完整的天然气工业体系。在对四川盆地大中型气田形成的主控因素分析的基础上，进一步明确盆地大中型气田的勘探有利领域与方向。四川盆地具有裂陷槽控烃、古隆起控藏、侵蚀面控储、盖层控保、断裂控储的天然气富集特点。近源供烃、大型古隆起聚集、侵蚀不整合面溶蚀碳酸盐岩有效储集、区域稳定盖层保存、深大断裂输导等是天然气得以富集的主控因素，大中型气田的勘探重点应该围绕三大古隆起、两个裂陷槽以及基底断裂展开，通过优选，认为海相碳酸盐岩领域中震旦系—下古生界、二叠系—三叠系高能相带及三叠系雷口坡组，陆相致密碎屑岩，二叠系火成岩以及页岩气等领域是下步大中型油气田的有利勘探领域。Abstract: The Sichuan Basin has been known to be rich of oil and gas resources, and after the exploration and development for more than 70 years, oil and gas reservoirs (mainly gas reservoirs) have been widely discovered in 28 strata, and the first complete gas industrial system has been built in this basin. The main constraint factors for the formation of large and medium-sized gas fields in the Sichuan Basin were discussed in this paper, and some favorable exploration targets were proposed. The enrichment of natural gas in the Sichuan Basin has several characteristics including the generation, accumulation, reservoir, preservation and migration of natural gas which were controlled by rift troughs, paleo-uplifts, erosion surfaces, cap rocks and faults, respectively. Near-source hydrocarbon supply, hydrocarbon accumulation in paleo-uplifts, effective reservoirs caused by the dissolution of carbonate rocks at the erosion surface of unconformity, regional stable preservation by cap rocks and migration through deep and large faults were the main controlling factors for natural gas enrichment. Therefore, the exploration activity for large and medium-sized gas fields was suggested to focus on 3 paleo-uplifts, 2 rifted troughs, and the basement faults in the Sichuan Basin. Through optimization, it was concluded that the Sinian to Lower Paleozoic strata, the high-energy phase band of Permian-Triassic and the Leikoupo Formation of Triassic in the marine carbonate area, the tight continental clastic rocks, the volcanic rocks in Permian and the shale gas areas are the favorable fields for further exploring for large and medium-sized gas fields.
-
图 2 四川盆地古隆起控油作用剖面示意
Figure 2. Schematic section showing reservoirs constrained by paleo uplift in Sichuan Basin
图 3 川西地区过川科1井雷口坡组近南北向剖面
Figure 3. Near north-south section of the Leikoupo Formation in the western part of Sichuan Basin
图 4 四川盆地试气日产大于10万立方米探井井位与基底断裂叠合
Figure 4. Overlay map of basement faults and exploratory wells with a daily production more than 1.0 ×105 m3 in Sichuan Basin
表 1 四川盆地含油气层系常规天然气资源量
Table 1. Conventional resource abundance of oil and gas bearing strata in Sichuan Basin
层系 探明储量/
108 m3剩余资源量/
108 m3总资源量/
108 m3探明程度/
%已发现典型油气藏 震旦系 5 941 19 474 25 415 23 安岳、威远 寒武系 4 461 14 634 19 095 23 磨溪 奥陶系 2 1 165 1 167 0 东山、威远 志留系 0 3 369 3 369 0 石炭系 2 412 10 088 12 500 19 大天池、七里峡、卧龙河、相国寺 中二叠统 852 19 148 20 000 4 邛西、圣灯山、威远 上二叠统长兴组—
下三叠统飞仙关组9 735 31 858 41 593 23 普光、元坝、河坝场 下三叠统嘉陵江组 1 227 10 801 12 028 10 兴隆场、宜宾、赤水 中三叠统雷口坡组 855 10 316 11 171 8 彭州、中坝 上三叠统须家河组 10 956 37 506 48 462 23 合兴场、马路背 侏罗系 3 126 8 991 12 117 26 成都、白马庙 合计 39 567 167 350 206 917 19 (均值) 注：数据截至2019年底。 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 四川盆地震旦系—下古生界发现的主要油气田
Table 2. Major oil and gas fields discovered in Sinian-Lower Paleozoic strata in Sichuan Basin
油气田名称 探明储量/108 m3 发现时间/年 油气层位 储集类型 主要圈闭类型 威远 1.66 1975 桐梓组 孔隙—裂缝 岩性—构造 东山 0.55 1987 奥陶系 缝洞型 岩性—构造 安岳 4 403.83 2013 龙王庙组 孔隙型 构造 安岳 4 083.96 2012 灯影组四段 裂缝—孔隙 构造 威远 11.02 1975 洗象池群 孔隙—裂缝 裂缝 威远 400.00 1964 灯影组 缝洞型 岩性—构造 长宁—威远 1 635.32 2011 五峰组—龙马溪组 孔隙—裂缝 裂缝 涪陵 6 008.14 2012 五峰组—龙马溪组 孔隙—裂缝 裂缝 南川—武隆 543.06 2016 龙马溪组 孔隙—裂缝 裂缝 威荣 1 246.78 2015 龙马溪组 孔隙—裂缝 裂缝
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 国土资源部油气资源战略研究中心. 全国油气资源动态评价[M]. 北京: 中国大地出版社, 2015.Strategic Research Center of Oil and Gas Resources. Ministry of land and resources dynamic evaluation of oil and gas resources in China[M]. Beijing: China Land Press, 2015. [2] 姚雪根. 四川盆地天然气成藏条件及其勘探方向[J]. 海相油气地质, 2002, 7(1): 13-28. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXYQ200201004.htmYAO Xuegen. Accumulation and preservation conditions of natural gas in Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2002, 7(1): 13-28. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXYQ200201004.htm [3] 马永生, 蔡勋育, 李国雄. 四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J]. 地质学报, 2005, 79(6): 858-865. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200506026.htmMA Yongsheng, CAI Xunyu, LI Guoxiong. Basic characteristics and concentration of the Puguang Gas Field in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2005, 79(6): 858-865. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200506026.htm [4] 马永生, 蔡勋育. 四川盆地川东北区二叠系—三叠系天然气勘探成果与前景展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2006, 27(6): 741-750. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200606005.htmMA Yongsheng, CAI Xunyu. Exploration achievements and prospects of the Permian-Triassic natural gas in northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2006, 27(6): 741-750. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200606005.htm [5] 马永生, 蔡勋育, 赵培荣, 等. 深层超深层碳酸盐岩优质储层发育机理和"三元控储"模式: 以四川普光气田为例[J]. 地质学报, 2010, 84(8): 1087-1094. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201008002.htmMA Yongsheng, CAI Xunyu, ZHAO Peirong, et al. Formation mechanism of deep-buried carbonate reservoir and its model of three-element controlling reservoir: a case study from the Puguang Oilfield in Sichuan[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2010, 84(8): 1087-1094. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE201008002.htm [6] 马永生, 蔡勋育, 赵培荣, 等. 四川盆地大中型天然气田分布特征与勘探方向[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(3): 347-354. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201003000.htmMA Yongsheng, CAI Xunyu, ZHAO Peirong, et al. Distribution and further exploration of the large-medium sized gas fields in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010, 31(3): 347-354. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201003000.htm [7] 张水昌, 朱光有. 四川盆地海相天然气富集成藏特征与勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2006, 27(5): 1-8. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200605000.htmZHANG Shuichang, ZHU Guangyou. Gas accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of marine sediments in Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2006, 27(5): 1-8. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB200605000.htm [8] 吴世祥, 汤良杰, 魏国齐, 等. 四川盆地碎屑岩领域有利天然气勘探方向浅析[J]. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 21(1): 20-24. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XASY200601005.htmWU Shixiang, TANG Liangjie, WEI Guoqi, et al. Promising natural gas exploration belts in clastic rock formations, Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University (Natural Science Edition), 2006, 21(1): 20-24. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XASY200601005.htm [9] 郭旭升, 黄仁春, 付孝悦, 等. 四川盆地二叠系和三叠系礁滩天然气富集规律与勘探方向[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2014, 35(3): 295-302. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201403002.htmGUO Xusheng, HUANG Renchun, FU Xiaoyue, et al. Gas accumulation and exploration direction of the Permian and Triassic reservoirs of reef-bank facies in Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(3): 295-302. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201403002.htm [10] 谷志东, 殷积峰, 袁苗, 等. 四川盆地东部深层盐下震旦系—寒武系天然气成藏条件与勘探方向[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2015, 42(2): 137-149. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201502003.htmGU Zhidong, YIN Jifeng, YUAN Miao, et al. Accumulation conditions and exploration directions of natural gas in deep subsalt Sinian-Cambrian system in the eastern Sichuan Basin, SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42(2): 137-149. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201502003.htm [11] 杨光, 李国辉, 李楠, 等. 四川盆地多层系油气成藏特征与富集规律[J]. 天然气工业, 2016, 36(11): 1-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201611002.htmYANG Guang, LI Guohui, LI Nan, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and enrichment laws of multi-layered reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2016, 36(11): 1-11. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201611002.htm [12] 厚刚福, 周进高, 谷明峰, 等. 四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组、茅口组岩相古地理及勘探方向[J]. 海相油气地质, 2017, 22(1): 25-31. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXYQ201701003.htmHOU Gangfu, ZHOU Jingao, GU Mingfeng, et al. Lithofacies paleogeography and exploration realms of Middle Permian Qixia Formation and Maokou Formation, Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2017, 22(1): 25-31. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HXYQ201701003.htm [13] 杜金虎, 邹才能, 徐春春, 等. 川中古隆起龙王庙组特大型气田战略发现与理论技术创新[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2014, 41(3): 268-277. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201403005.htmDU Jinhu, ZOU Caineng, XU Chunchun, et al. Theoretical and technical innovations in strategic discovery of a giant gas field in Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of central Sichuan paleo-uplift, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2014, 41(3): 268-277. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201403005.htm [14] 魏国齐, 刘德来, 张林, 等. 四川盆地天然气分布规律与有利勘探领域[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2005, 16(4): 437-442. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX200504009.htmWEI Guoqi, LIU Delai, ZHANG Lin, et al. The exploration region and natural gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2005, 16(4): 437-442. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX200504009.htm [15] 魏国齐, 杨威, 金惠, 等. 四川盆地上三叠统有利储层展布与勘探方向[J]. 天然气工业, 2010, 30(1): 11-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201001004.htmWEI Guoqi, YANG Wei, JIN Hui, et al. Distribution of favorable reservoirs and exploration targets in the Upper Triassic of the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2010, 30(1): 11-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201001004.htm [16] 魏国齐, 杨威, 杜金虎, 等. 四川盆地高石梯—磨溪古隆起构造特征及对特大型气田形成的控制作用[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2015, 42(3): 257-265. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201503002.htmWEI Guoqi, YANG Wei, DU Jinhu, et al. Tectonic features of Gaoshiti-Moxi paleo-uplift and its controls on the formation of a giant gas field, Sichuan Basin, SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2015, 42(3): 257-265. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201503002.htm [17] 杨雨, 文龙, 谢继容, 等. 四川盆地海相碳酸盐岩天然气勘探进展与方向[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(3): 44-55. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY202003005.htmYANG Yu, WEN Long, XIE Jirong, et al. Progress and direction of marine carbonate gas exploration in Sichuan Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(3): 44-55. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY202003005.htm [18] 朱彤. 四川盆地陆相页岩油气富集主控因素及类型[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(3): 345-354. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202003345ZHU Tong. Main controlling factors and types of continental shale oil and gas enrichment in Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2020, 42(3): 345-354. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202003345 [19] 唐大海, 谭秀成, 王小娟, 等. 四川盆地须家河组致密气藏成藏要素及有利区带评价[J]. 特种油气藏, 2020, 27(3): 40-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ202003007.htmTANG Dahai, TAN Xiucheng, WANG Xiaojuan, et al. Tight gas accumulation elements and favorable zone evaluation of Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Specail Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2020, 27(3): 40-46. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TZCZ202003007.htm [20] 方栋梁, 孟志勇. 页岩气富集高产主控因素分析: 以四川盆地涪陵地区五峰组—龙马溪组一段页岩为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(1): 37-41. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202001037FANG Dongliang, MENG Zhiyong. Main controlling factors of shale gas enrichment and high yield: a case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Fuling area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2020, 42(1): 37-41. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202001037 -
点击查看大图
图(4) / 表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 345
- HTML全文浏览量: 64
- PDF下载量: 161
- 被引次数: 0
苏公网安备32021102000780号