塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井储层沥青地球化学特征及其与油气演化的关系

许锦; 吴鲜; 朱秀香; 陈强路; 尤东华; 席斌斌

doi:10.11781/sysydz202204677

塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井储层沥青地球化学特征及其与油气演化的关系

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202204677

许锦^{1, 2,},
吴鲜³,
朱秀香³,
陈强路^{1, 2},
尤东华^{1, 2},
席斌斌^{1, 2}

1.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金 U19B6003

中国石化科技部项目 KL21033

详细信息

作者简介:
许锦(1981—), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 从事石油地质学和油气地球化学研究。E-mail: xujin.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.116
计量
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-12
- 修回日期: 2022-06-10
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-28

Geochemical characteristics of reservoir bitumen and its relationship with hydrocarbon evolution in well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

XU Jin^{1, 2
,},
WU Xian³,
ZHU Xiuxiang³,
CHEN Qianglu^{1, 2},
YOU Donghua^{1, 2},
XI Binbin^{1, 2}

1.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Branch, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China

摘要

摘要: 塔里木盆地塔中北坡顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井在奥陶系一间房组7 265~7 275 m泥晶灰岩钻遇三段缝洞充填沥青，累计厚度约3.25 m。为厘清该区的油气演化特征，对该储层固体沥青及其抽提物开展了有机岩石学以及有机地球化学方面的研究。显微镜下观察到泥晶灰岩的基质矿物以及泥质条带呈现出明显的荧光特征，并且在切割泥晶灰岩的方解石脉和石英脉中发育气液烃包裹体，上述产状关系说明至少存在早晚两期油气充注，其中沥青和气液烃包裹体分别为早、晚两期油气充注的产物。对含沥青灰岩的抽提物和顺北1号断裂带上原油进行有机地球化学对比分析认为，沥青和原油的生源条件相似，均来自还原环境下、以藻类等低等生物为主要成烃母质的海相泥质烃源岩，与寒武系玉尔吐斯组烃源岩有较强亲缘关系。原油裂解气在现今油气藏中占比低，推测早期充注的原油规模小，裂解生成气对现今油藏贡献不大。
- 油气充注期次 /
- 油源对比 /
- 储层沥青 /
- 一间房组 /
- 奥陶系 /
- 顺北1号断裂带 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: Three sections of fracture-cave filling bitumen with a total thickness of approximately 3.25 m were discovered between 7 265 m and 7 275 m in Ordovician Yijianfang Formation micrites in the well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, central Tarim Basin. In this paper, detailed organic petrological and geochemical analyses were carried out on solid bitumen and related extracts. The matrix minerals and argillaceous belts within micrites showed obvious fluorescence characteristics. The fractures of micrites are filled with gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusions in calcite and quartz veins. The above occurrence relationship shows that there are at least two stages of hydrocarbon charging, and bitumen and gas-liquid hydrocarbon inclusions are the products of hydrocarbon charging in the early and late stages, respectively. Geochemical characteristics of the extracts of bituminous limestones and the crude oil in Shunbei No.1 fault zone indicate that the biogenic conditions of bitumen and crude oil are similar, both of which come from marine decay under reducing environment. The Cambrian Yu'ertusi mudstones with algae as the main hydrocarbon source may be the major source rocks of bitumen and crude oil discovered. The proportion of crude oil cracked gas in the current oil and gas reservoirs is very low. It is speculated that the contribution of cracked gas to the current oil and gas reservoirs is limited.
- hydrocarbon filling period /
- oil and source correlation /
- bitumen in reservoir /
- Yijianfang Formation /
- Ordovician /
- Shunbei No.1 fault zone /
- Tarim Basin

HTML全文

图 1 塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区地质概要

据陈强路等^[16]修改。

Figure 1. Geological sketch map of Shuntuoguole area, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井奥陶系一间房组中沥青的有机岩石学特征

Figure 2. Petrological of bitumen in Ordovician Yijianfang Formation, well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井方解石脉以及自形石英中包裹体的显微照片

a-b.方解石脉中气液烃包裹体与气液两相盐水包裹体共生；c-d.石英中气液烃包裹体

Figure 3. Micrographs of fluid inclusions in calcite veins and euhedral quartz, well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井方解石脉以及自形石英中包裹体均一温度直方图

Figure 4. Homogenization temperature histogram of inclusions in calcite veins and euhedral quartz, well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带烃包裹体色质图(m/z 85)与原油全烃色谱图对比

Figure 5. Comparison between m/z 85 mass chromatogram of inclusions and total hydrocarbon chromatogram of crude oil, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井中沥青结构特征及拉曼谱图

a-b.沥青有机岩石学照片；c.亮色部分拉曼谱图；d.暗色部分拉曼谱

Figure 6. Structural features and Raman spectra of bitumen in well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带

沥青抽提物和部分原油的萜烷图

Figure 7. Distribution of terpene alkanes in bitumen extracts and crude oil, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带原油、沥青抽提物和烃包裹体的Pr/nC₁₇—Ph/nC₁₈关系

底图据文献[38]。

Figure 8. Pr/nC₁₇ vs. Ph/nC₁₈ of crude oil, bitumen extracts and inclusions, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井群体烃包裹体和该区原油的饱和烃参数

Table 1. Parameters of group inclusions and crude oil in well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

样品号	样品性质	主峰碳	OEP	Pr/nC₁₇	Ph/nC₁₈	Pr/Ph	(Pr+C₁₇)/(Ph+C₁₈)
SHB1-X-3-A	烃包裹体	C₁₁	0.96	0.39	0.74	0.68	1.03
SHB1-X-3-B	烃包裹体	C₁₄	1.00	0.39	0.70	0.71	1.05
SHB1-X-3	原油	C₇	1.03	0.39	0.49	0.96	1.13
SHB1-X-6	原油	C₇	0.97	0.27	0.40	0.83	1.10
SHB1-X-7	原油	C₇	0.97	0.32	0.36	1.01	1.03
SHB1-X-2	原油	C₈	0.96	0.32	0.39	0.94	1.09
SHB1-X-5	原油	C₉	0.98	0.39	0.47	0.98	1.11
注：表中群体烃包裹体数据依据包裹体在线分析GCMS m/z85获得；原油的各参数依据原油全烃色谱获得。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带SHB1-X-3井中沥青的激光拉曼特征及反射率换算

Table 2. Laser Raman characteristics and reflectivity conversion of bitumen in well SHB1-X-3, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

序号	D峰拉曼位移/cm^-1	G峰拉曼位移/cm^-1	D-G峰间距/cm^-1	沥青反射率/%¹⁾	等效镜质体反射率/%²⁾	沥青亮度
1	1 346.93	1 598.28	251.35	2.31	1.89	暗
2	1 346.93	1 598.25	251.32	2.31	1.89	暗
3	1 343.38	1 596.12	252.74	2.39	1.94	亮
4	1 344.09	1 597.03	252.94	2.40	1.95	亮
5	1 344.49	1 597.51	253.02	2.41	1.95	亮
6	1 343.96	1 596.75	252.79	2.39	1.94	亮
7	1 345.56	1 597.22	251.66	2.33	1.90	亮
8	1 345.75	1 597.54	251.79	2.33	1.90	亮
9	1 345.14	1 597.75	252.61	2.38	1.94	暗
10	1 347.37	1 597.85	250.48	2.26	1.85	暗
11	1 347.39	1 597.74	250.35	2.25	1.85	暗
12	1 344.86	1 597.74	252.88	2.40	1.95	暗
13	1 347.43	1 598.45	251.02	2.29	1.88	暗
1)据王茂林等^[29]公式换算； 2)据刘德汉等^[27]公式换算。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 塔里木盆地顺北1号断裂带沥青抽提物和原油的地球化学参数

Table 3. Geochemical parameters of bitumen extracts and crude oil, Shunbei No.1 fault zone, Tarim Basin

样品	样品号	δ¹³C/‰	C₂₇/(C₂₇-C₂₉)ST	C₂₈/(C₂₇-C₂₉)ST	C₂₉/(C₂₇-C₂₉)ST	C₂₁/ C₂₃TT	C₂₄TeT/C₂₆TT	g/C₃₀H	ETR
沥青抽提物	SHB1-3-1	-31.1	0.32	0.30	0.38	0.67	0.50	0.48	0.74
	SHB1-3-5	-31.3	0.34	0.30	0.36	0.79	0.58	0.47	0.74
	SHB1-3-B	-31.5	0.36	0.25	0.39	0.66	0.46	0.57	0.77
原油	SHB1-X-3	-31.9	0.42	0.20	0.38	0.51	0.42		0.85
	SHB1-X-1	-32.3				0.52	0.35		0.80
	SHB1-X-6	-32.0	0.34	0.31	0.36	0.58	0.45		0.87
	SHB1-X-7	-31.8	0.32	0.27	0.40	0.48	0.36		0.82
	SHB1-X-2	-31.9	0.40	0.25	0.35	0.59	0.43		0.92
注：ST.规则甾烷；TT.三环萜烷；TeT.四环萜烷；ETR=(C₂₈TT+C₂₉TT)/(C₂₈TT+C₂₉TT+Ts)。

下载: 导出CSV

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