东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区含煤地层岩性圈闭识别

牛华伟; 刘苗; 蒋涔; 朱立新; 陈茂根

doi:10.11781/sysydz202205755

东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区含煤地层岩性圈闭识别

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205755

中国石化上海海洋油气分公司, 上海 200120

详细信息

作者简介:
牛华伟(1969-), 男, 教授级高级工程师, 从事海洋石油勘探研究及管理。E-mail: niuhw.shhy@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
刘苗(1983-), 男, 高级工程师, 从事石油物探研究。E-mail: liumiao.shhy@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 266
- HTML全文浏览量: 78
- PDF下载量: 58
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-07
- 修回日期: 2022-07-25
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-28

Identification of lithologic trap in coal-bearing stratum of Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

Shanghai Offshore Oil & Gas Company, SINOPEC, Shanghai 200120, China

摘要

摘要: 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区主要目的层始新统平湖组沉积受潮汐作用影响较大，薄砂体多层叠置、横向变化快，煤层发育。目的层埋深普遍超过3 500 m，储层物性相对较差。现有地震资料深层信噪比低、能量弱，砂泥阻抗特征差异小，储层预测及刻画难度大。在深层保幅宽频处理资料的基础上, 按照明确岩性圈闭发育类型、精细砂体描述、落实岩性圈闭目标的整体思路开展研究，明确了古地貌背景、砂体模式及岩性圈闭发育类型, 在这一格架约束下开展精细的砂体描述工作，应用地震波形、地震反射结构特征、叠前反演弹性属性相结合预测砂体，并利用叠后统计学反演预测煤层分布，提高了砂体描述的精度和可靠性。
- 保幅宽频处理 /
- 地震反射结构 /
- 叠前同时反演 /
- 地质统计学反演 /
- 西湖凹陷 /
- 东海陆架盆地
Abstract: In the Pingbei area of Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin, the sedimentation of the main target Eocene Pinghu Formation, is significantly affected by tidal action. Thin sand bodies are stacked on top of each other, the lateral changes are fast, and coal seams are developed. The target layer has a depth of bury generally deeper than 3 500 m, and the physical properties of reservoir are relatively poor. The existing seismic data have low signal-to-noise ratio, weak energy, small impedance difference of sand and shale in the deep, and it is difficult for the reservoir prediction and description. Based on deep amplitude-preserved and broadband processing, this paper studied the type of lithologic trap development, characterization of sand reservoir, and implementation of lithologic trap targets. The paleogeomorphic background, sand development pattern and the type of litho-logic trap are defined. Under the constraints of this framework, accurate sandstone description is carried out. The sand reservoir is predicted by comprehensive analysis of seismic waveform, seismic reflection characteristics and the elastic properties of pre-stack inversion, the coal seam distribution is predicted by post-stack statistical inversion, and the accuracy and reliability of sand description are improved.
- amplitude-preserved and broadband processing /
- seismic reflection characteristics /
- pre-stack inversion /
- geostatistical inversion /
- Xihu Sag /
- East China Sea Shelf Basin

HTML全文

图 1 新、老处理资料频谱参数、信噪比对比

Figure 1. Spectrum parameters and signal-to-noise ratio of new and old processing data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区西部平下段拉平地震剖面

Figure 2. Flattened seismic profile of lower section of Pinghu Formation in western Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区平下段控砂模式

Figure 3. Sandstone-controlled model of lower section of Pinghu Formation in Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区过W1-W3-W2井反演、波形剖面对比

Figure 4. Inversion and waveform comparison among wells W1, W3 and W2 in Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区平湖组各层段煤层累积厚度统计

Figure 5. Cumulative thickness of coal seams in each section of Pinghu Formation, Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区过W1-W3-W2井煤层识别剖面

Figure 6. Coal seam identification profile crossing wells W1, W3 and W2 in Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区过W3-W5-W2井储层预测与煤层识别剖面

Figure 7. Reservoir prediction and coal seam identification profile crossing wells W3, W5 and W2 in Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区顺凹槽(a)、顺斜坡(b)地震反射结构特征

Figure 8. Seismic reflection structure along groove (a) and down slope (b) in Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷平北地区沉积体反射特征追踪砂体厚度(a)及P11b砂体预测厚度(b)

Figure 9. Tracked sand body thickness by sediment reflection features (a) and predicted thickness of P11b sand body in Pingbei area, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(30)

[1]	孙思尧, 范昌育, 蒲仁海, 等. 西湖凹陷平湖构造带断裂垂向封闭性研究[J]. 断块油气田, 2022, (3): 353-359. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT202203011.htm SUN Siyao, FAN Changyu, PU Renhai, et al. Research on vertical sealing of faults in Pinghu structural belt of Xihu Sag[J]. Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field, 2022, (3): 353-359. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT202203011.htm
[2]	周荔青, 江东辉, 张尚虎, 等. 东海西湖凹陷大中型油气田形成条件及勘探方向[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(5): 803-812. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202005803 ZHOU Liqing, JIANG Donghui, ZHANG Shanghu, et al. Formation conditions and exploration direction of large and medium oil and gas reservoirs in Xihu Sag, East China Sea[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2020, 42(5): 803-812. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202005803
[3]	李庆忠. 岩性油气藏地震勘探若干问题讨论(Ⅰ)[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2008, 20(2): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX200803003.htm LI Qingzhong. Discussion on seismic exploration of lithologic reservoirs (Ⅰ)[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(2): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX200803003.htm
[4]	李庆忠. 岩性油气藏地震勘探若干问题的讨论(Ⅱ): 关于垂向分辨率的认识[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2008, 20(3): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX200803003.htm LI Qingzhong. Discussion on seismic exploration of lithologic reservoirs (Ⅱ): seismic vertical resolution[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(3): 1-5. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX200803003.htm
[5]	王威. 川东北地区须家河组天然气高效成藏模式探讨[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(3): 27-34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX201803004.htm WANG Wei. High efficient reservoir accumulation models of natural gas of Xujiahe Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Litho-logic Reservoirs, 2018, 30(3): 27-34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX201803004.htm
[6]	吕公河, 于常青, 董宁. 叠后地震属性分析在油气田勘探开发中的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2006, 21(1): 161-166. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ200601022.htm LV Gonghe, YU Changqing, DONG Ning. The application of post-stack seismic attribute analysis in the oil-gas exploration and development[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2006, 21(1): 161-166. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ200601022.htm
[7]	陈永波, 潘建国, 许多年, 等. 准噶尔盆地西北缘火山岩储层的综合地球物理预测[J]. 石油物探, 2010, 49(4): 364-372. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYWT201004010.htm CHEN Yongbo, PAN Jianguo, XU Duonian, et al. Integrated geophy-sical prediction of volcanic reservoir in northwestern margin area of Junggar Basin[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2010, 49(4): 364-372. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYWT201004010.htm
[8]	刘爱群, 陈殿远, 任科英. 分频与波形聚类分析技术在莺歌海盆地中深层气田区的应用[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2013, 28(1): 338-344. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ201301036.htm LIU Aiqun, CHEN Dianyuan, REN Keying. Frequency decomposition and waveform cluster analysis techniques Yinggehai Basin gas field in the deep area of application[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2013, 28(1): 338-344. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ201301036.htm
[9]	WANG Yanghua. Seismic time-frequency spectral decomposition by matching pursuit[J]. Geophysics, 2007, 72(1): 13-20.
[10]	王香文, 于常青, 董宁, 等. 储层综合预测技术在鄂尔多斯盆地定北区块的应用[J]. 石油物探, 2006, 45(3): 267-271. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYWT200603011.htm WANG Xiangwen, YU Changqing, DONG Ning, et al. Application of techniques of fine structure interpretation and formation prediction in Dingbei area of Ordos Basin[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2006, 45(3): 267-671. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYWT200603011.htm
[11]	刘振峰, 张金强, 韩磊, 等. 鄂南长7段致密油地震流体识别技术应用实践[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(3): 541-548. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201803012.htm LIU Zhenfeng, ZHANG Jinqiang, HAN Lei, et al. Geophysical fluid recognition for tight oil in Chang 7 Member, south Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(3): 541-548. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201803012.htm
[12]	王宝江, 张永常, 王大兴, 等. 广义S变换用于含煤地层薄砂体预测研究[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2012, 27(3): 1219-1226. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ201203050.htm WANG Baojiang, ZHANG Yongchang, WANG Daxing, et al. Predicting and detecting of the thin sand bodies by general transform in coal-bearing strata[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2012, 27(3): 1219-1226. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQWJ201203050.htm
[13]	刘占族, 张雷, 霍丽娜, 等. 地质统计学反演在煤层气薄储层识别中的应用[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2012, 47(S1): 30-34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDQ2012S1007.htm LIU Zhanzu, ZHANG Lei, HUO Li'na, et al. Thin coalbed methane reservoir identification by geostatistics inversion[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2012, 47(S1): 30-34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDQ2012S1007.htm
[14]	印兴耀, 王慧欣, 曹丹平, 等. 利用三参数AVO近似方程的深层叠前地震反演[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2018, 53(1): 129-135. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDQ201801017.htm YIN Xingyao, WANG Huixin, CAO Danping, et al. Three term AVO approximation of K_f-K_m-ρ and prestack seismic inversion for deep reservoirs[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2018, 53(1): 129-135. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDQ201801017.htm
[15]	王慧欣, 张大海, 张纪, 等. 基于K_f-μ-Φ近似方程的深层叠前地震反演研究[J]. 海洋石油, 2020, 40(2): 22-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYSY202002005.htm WANG Huixin, ZHANG Dahai, ZHANG Ji, et al. Study on deep reservoir pre-stack inversion based on K_f-μ-Φ approximate equation[J]. Offshore Oil, 2020, 40(2): 22-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYSY202002005.htm
[16]	BORTFELD R. Exact solution of the reflection and refraction of arbitrary spherical compressional waves at liquid-liquid interfaces and at solid-solid interfaces with equal shear velocities and equal densities[J]. Geophysical Prospecting, 1962, 10(1): 35-67.
[17]	RICHARDS P G, FRASIER C W. Scattering of elastic waves from depth-dependent inhomogeneities[J]. Geophysics, 1976, 41(3): 441-458.
[18]	AKI K, RICHARDS P G. Quantitative seismology: theory and methods[M]. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1980.
[19]	SHUEY R T. A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations[J]. Geophysics, 1985, 50(4): 609-614.
[20]	罗辑, 吴国忱, 宗兆云, 等. 基于方位弹性阻抗反演的裂缝型储层流体检测方法[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2015, 50(6): 1154-1165. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDQ201506023.htm LUO Ji, WU Guochen, ZONG Zhaoyun, et al. Fluid identification in fractured reservoirs based on azimuthal elastic impedance inversion[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2015, 50(6): 1154-1165. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYDQ201506023.htm
[21]	GRAY D. Elastic inversion for Lamé parameters[C]//72th SEG Expanded Abstracts. Salt Lake City, Utah: SEG Library, 2002.
[22]	BIOT M A. Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid. Ⅱ. Higher frequency range[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1956, 28(2): 179-191.
[23]	RUSSELL B H, HEDLIN K, HILTERMAN F J, et al. Fluid-property discrimination with AVO: a Biot-Gassmann perspective[J]. Geophysics, 2003, 68(1): 29-39.
[24]	RUSSELL B H, GRAY D, HAMPSON D P, et al. Linearized AVO and poroelasticity[R]. [s. l. ]: CREWES Research Report, 2006, 18: 1-25.
[25]	冯昕鹏, 王涛, 白志涛, 等. 频率域薄储集层预测技术在煤系地层中的应用[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(5): 605-611. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD202105015.htm FENG Xinpeng, WANG Tao, BAI Zhitao, et al. Application of thin reservoir prediction technology based on frequency domain in coal measure strata[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(5): 605-611. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD202105015.htm
[26]	陆红梅, 张仲培, 王琳霖, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部上古生界致密碎屑岩储层预测: 以镇泾地区为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(3): 443-451. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103443 LU Hongmei, ZHANG Zhongpei, WANG Linlin, et al. Prediction of tight clastic reservoirs of Upper Paleozoic in southern Ordos Basin: a case study of Zhenjing district[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(3): 443-451. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103443
[27]	杨双, 李忠博, 闫相宾, 等. 火山岩圈闭识别描述方法及其应用[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(3): 540-548. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103540 YANG Shuang, LI Zhongbo, YAN Xiangbin, et al. Method of identi-fying and characterizing of volcanic traps and its application[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(3): 540-548. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103540
[28]	刘妍君, 侯思伟, 王振奇, 等. 密井网下基于AVO三参数地震反演储层预测及应用[J]. 断块油气田, 2020, 27(6): 750-753, 765. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT202006016.htm LIU Yanjun, HOU Siwei, WANG Zhenqi, et al. Reservoir prediction and application based on AVO three-parameter seismic inversion under condition of dense well pattern[J]. Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field, 2020, 27(6): 750-753, 765. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT202006016.htm
[29]	宋瑞有, 陈奎, 李安琪, 等. 天然气水合物裂隙输导系统地震表征[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(1): 136-143. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202101136 SONG Ruiyou, CHEN Kui, LI Anqi, et al. Representation of gas hydrate fracture migration system by seismic[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(1): 136-143. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202101136
[30]	郭元岭, 刘翠荣, 李红梅, 等. 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷油藏地震描述有效性技术研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(1): 121-127. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202101121 GUO Yuanling, LIU Cuirong, LI Hongmei, et al. Effective techniques for seismic description of reservoirs in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(1): 121-127. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202101121