鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组五段5亚段斑化白云岩成因

廖慧鸿; 苏中堂; 黄文明; 马慧; 佘伟; 罗振锋; 刘国庆; 胡孙龙

doi:10.11781/sysydz202205835

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组五段5亚段斑化白云岩成因

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205835

廖慧鸿^1,,
苏中堂^{1, 2, ,},
黄文明³,
马慧¹,
佘伟¹,
罗振锋¹,
刘国庆¹,
胡孙龙¹

1.
成都理工大学沉积地质研究院, 成都 610059
2.
成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610059
3.
中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司苏里格项目经理部, 成都 610051

基金项目:

国家自然科学青年基金“鄂尔多斯盆地天环地区下奥陶统白云岩成因机制分析” 41302087

详细信息

作者简介:
廖慧鸿(1996-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事沉积地质学研究。E-mail: 1316236646@qq.com

通讯作者:
苏中堂(1981-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 从事沉积地质学研究。E-mail: suzhongtang2012@cdut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-15
- 修回日期: 2022-07-12
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-28

Origin of porphyry dolomite in the 5th sub-member of the 5th member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation (M₅⁵sub-member), Ordos Basin

1.
Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
3.
Sulige Project Management Department, Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co., Ltd., CNPC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马家沟组五段5亚段发现大量不均一斑化白云岩，多口钻井油气显示良好，成为油气勘探关注的热点，但成因机理尚未明确。依据岩石学特征，辅以地球化学分析，研究了斑化白云岩成因。斑化白云岩可分为不均匀斑化白云岩、明显斑化含灰云岩和略微斑化灰质云岩3类，根据云斑的形态特征认为云斑构造受到生物扰动所致，白云岩斑点与基质的阴极发光相同；斑化白云岩总体具有较高的Fe，Mn，Na和较低的Sr含量，斑点与基质的Fe，Mn和Sr的含量无明显差别；斑化白云岩δ¹³C值与同期海水相同，δ¹⁸O值均偏负，三类白云岩无明显差别；⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值高于同期海水。岩石学和地球化学特征表明生物扰动使岩石不均一，扰动程度影响斑化程度，斑化白云岩系生物扰动灰岩经高盐度海水渗透回流白云石化作用而成，白云岩再埋藏后经历了重结晶作用改造。
- 斑化白云岩 /
- 地球化学特征 /
- 渗透回流白云岩化 /
- 马五段5亚段 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: Large number of heterogeneous porphyry dolomites have been found in the 5th sub-member of the 5th member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation (M₅⁵ sub-member) in the central and eastern parts of Ordos Basin, and many drilled wells have shown good oil and gas potential, which has become the focus for oil and gas exploration, but the genetic mechanism is still undetermined. Based on petrological characteristics and geochemical analysis, the origin of porphyry dolomite in this area is studied. Results show that porphyry dolomite can be classified into three types: unevenly, obviously and slightly porphyry dolomite. According to the morphology characteristics of cloud spots, the structure of cloud spots is supposed to be caused by biological disturbance, and the cathodoluminescence of spots and matrix is the same. Porphyry dolomite has relatively higher contents of Fe, Mn and Na and lower content of Sr, but there is no significant difference between the contents of Fe, Mn and Sr in spots and matrix. The δ¹³C values of porphyry dolomites are highly comparable to those of seawater at the same time, and the δ¹⁸O values are all negative with no significant difference among the three types of dolomites. The ratio of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr is higher than that of seawater in the same period. Petrological and geochemical characteristics show that biodisturbance causes the heterogeneity of rocks, and the degree of disturbance affects porphyry rate. The biodisturbed limestone of porphyry dolomite series is formed by the dolomitization of the osmotic reflux of high salinity seawater. The dolomite underwent recrystallization after re-burial.
- porphyry dolomite /
- geochemical characteristics /
- osmotic reflux dolomitization /
- 5th sub-member of 5th member of Majiagou Formation /
- Ordos Basin

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段岩相古地理(a)及地层柱状图(b)

据文献[23]修改

Figure 1. Lithofacies palaeogeographic map (a) and stratigraphic column map (b) of Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member in central and eastern Ordos Basin

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段斑化白云岩岩心、薄片特征及微区碳氧同位素分析点

a.不均匀斑化白云岩，2 450.6 m，神29井；b.明显斑化含灰云岩，2 842.9 m，双4井；c.略微斑化灰质云岩，3 120.2 m，陕16井；d.不均匀斑化白云岩，2 450.6 m，神29井；e.明显斑化含灰云岩，2 842.9 m，双4井；f.略微斑化灰质云岩，3 120.2 m，陕16井；g.不均匀斑化白云岩，2 450.6 m，神29井；h.明显斑化含灰云岩，2 510.6 m，双108井；i.明显斑化含灰云岩，2 509.8 m，双108井；j.明显斑化含灰云岩，3 391.5 m，陕377井；k.明显斑化含灰云岩，2 462.3 m，米52井；l.略微斑化灰质云岩，3 120.6 m，陕16井；图中红色点位Sp为斑点(Spot)，黄色点位Mat为基质(Matrix)

Figure 2. Cores, thin sections and carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis points in micro-area of porphyry dolomites in Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段斑化白云岩的阴极发光特征

a，b.不均匀斑化白云岩岩石学和发光性，斑点vs.基质，2 450.6 m，神29井；c，d.明显斑化含灰云岩岩石学和发光性，斑点与基质的边界，2 462.3 m，米52井；e，f.略微斑化灰质云岩岩石学和发光性，斑点vs.基质，3 120.6 m，陕16井

Figure 3. Cathodoluminescence characteristics of porphyry dolomite in Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段斑化白云岩微区Na-Sr、Mn-Sr和Fe-Mn含量交会图

Figure 4. Intersection of Na-Sr, Mn-Sr and Fe-Mn contents in porphyry dolomite microzones in Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系五₅亚段斑化白云岩微区δ¹³C_PDB与δ¹⁸O_PDB交会图(a)和全岩Sr同位素分布(b)

Figure 5. Intersection diagram of δ¹³C_PDB and δ¹⁸O_PDB in porphyry dolomite microarea (a) and whole rock Sr isotopic distribution map (b) in Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

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图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段回流渗透白云岩化模式

Figure 6. Reflux permeation dolomitization model of Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

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表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段斑化白云岩全岩地球化学特征

Table 1. Whole rock geochemical test results of porphyry dolomite in Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

井号	井深/m	岩性	含量/10^-6				⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr		δ¹³C_VPDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰
井号	井深/m	岩性	Na	Mn	Fe	Sr	测试结果	误差(2σ)	δ¹³C_VPDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰
神29	2 450.6	不均匀斑化白云岩	46.3	48.5	1 151.6	64.5	0.710 7	0.000 176 0	-0.64	-8.02
府4	2 531.0		59.1	38.8	846.3	86.2	0.709 8	0.000 095 8	1.29	-8.51
府4	2 529.8		33.0	33.6	634.9	77.4	0.709 3	0.000 672 0	-3.31	-9.28
双4	2 841.8	明显斑化含灰云岩	66.5	46.7	1 420.2	97.1	0.709 8	0.000 052 6	-1.27	-7.99
双4	2 832.8		72.4	49.6	1 482.7	80.9	0.712 9	0.000 041 0	-0.91	-7.62
双108	2 510.5		53.3	48.0	1 040.3	58.8	0.710 8	0.000 243 0	-0.65	-7.07
陕398	3 944.4		31.2	20.1	400.9	88.0	0.709 5	0.000 057 7	-1.46	-8.07
米52	2 462.3			34.0	986.3	64.6	0.710 3	0.000 018 8	-0.39	-7.08
陕16	3 120.2	略微斑化灰质云岩	62.8	40.7	859.1	102.0	0.709 8	0.000 023 7	-0.32	-7.37
陕399	3 860.7	泥晶灰岩	25.3	17.0	155.6	97.7	0.709 2	0.000 032 6	-1.81	-8.09

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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五₅亚段斑化白云岩的微区地球化学特征

Table 2. Microgeochemical test results of porphyry dolomite in Ordovician M₅⁵ sub-member, central and eastern Ordos Basin

井号	井深/m	岩性	点位性质	含量/10^-6				δ¹³C_PDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_PDB/‰
井号	井深/m	岩性	点位性质	Na	Mn	Fe	Sr	δ¹³C_PDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_PDB/‰
神29	2 450.6	不均匀斑化白云岩	1.基质	113.3	75.7	2 621.9	51.8	0.73	-7.03
神29	2 450.6		2.斑点	101.1	43.2	2 050.4	37.7	-1.19	-10.41
府4	2 531.4		1.基质	238.3	49.0	3 033.2	41.7
府4	2 531.4		2.斑点	110.8	48.1	1 692.8	39.8
双108	2 510.5	明显斑化含灰云岩	1.基质	139.1	41.8	2 161.4	40.0	-1.72	-6.88
双108	2 510.5		2.斑点	113.9	44.6	2 086.9	47.3	0.90	-8.27
双108	2 509.8		1.基质					-1.64	-9.69
双108	2 509.8		2.斑点					-1.78	-9.07
陕377	3 391.5		1.基质	137.0	48.4	1 468.0	45.3	-0.77	-8.52
			2.基质	119.5	44.4	1 587.5	49.8	-0.77	-8.52
			3.斑点	115.5	44.4	2 592.9	46.6	-0.41	-7.95
			4.斑点	84.8	45.6	1 425.2	104.3	-0.41	-7.95
米52	2 462.3		1.基质	89.4	36.4	1 799.7	50.6	-1.18	-10.61
			2.斑点	52.4	45.0	2 149.9	29.8	-1.81	-11.81
			3.斑点	111.2	35.2	1 668.8	47.3	-1.54	-12.42
			4.斑点	92.9	35.9	1 919.6	53.3
陕16	3 120.6	略微斑化灰质云岩	1.基质	58.2	45.9	1 824.7	33.7	-0.32	-8.59
			2.斑点	74.2	44.0	1 819.3	39.7	0.15	-7.88
			3.斑点	73.5	45.5	1 687.7	35.3

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表 3 生物扰动指数及其特征描述修改自文献[29]。

Table 3. Bioturbation index and its characteristics

生物扰动指数(BI)	生物扰动部分所占整块样品比值/%	描述
0	0	没有生物扰动，原生组构保存完好
1	1~4	少量生物扰动，有不连续的遗迹局部覆盖，沉积组构保存较好
2	5~30	中低等生物扰动，沉积构造保存仍然较好
3	31~60	中等生物扰动，有不连续遗迹化石的遗迹组构，仍然可以辨认出地层界面
4	61~90	强烈的生物扰动，遗迹化石密度高，原始沉积构造几乎全部被抹掉
5	91~99	强烈的生物扰动，层面沉积物被完全扰动
6	100	完全生物扰动和重新沉积，与遗迹化石重复覆盖有关

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