石油实验地质

Contents Vol.31,No.6 Dec.,2009

2009, 31(6)

Abstract(919) PDF-CN(723)

Abstract:

KARSTIFICATION MODELS OF THE ORDOVICIAN CARBONATES AND THEIR INFLUETIAL FACTORS IN THE TAHE OILFIELD, THE TARIM BASIN

Zhou Jiangyu, Lü Haitao, Lin Zhongmin, Wu Chonglong

2009, 31(6): 547-550. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906547

Abstract(1686) PDF-CN(1183)

Abstract:
Karstification research of a complicated anisotrophic carbonate reservoir is presently an important leading field for reservoir sedimenology and geochemistry.Akekule convex included Tahe Oilfield is a long-term developed paleo-uplift based on the pre-Sinian metamorphic basement,which affected by multi-period of Caledonian and Hercynian tectonic uplift and sea-level changes,and superposing reformed by late tectonic movement.A set of Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate karst-fracture-hole reservoirs were developed in Akekule convex.Combined with the karstification and exploration in Tahe Oilfield,three karstification models were established in the area and the key controling factors of karst development were analyzed.

ACCUMULATION MECHANISM OF NATURAL GAS IN UPPER PALEOZOIC, HANGJINQI BLOCK, NORTH ORDOS BASIN

Xue Hui, Wang Yi, Xu Bo

2009, 31(6): 551-556. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906551

Abstract(1556) PDF-CN(1014)

Abstract:
The phenomenon of multi-types of natural gas generating together has been found in more and more basins.Lots of researchers have paid much more attention to this phenomenon.However,researches on multi-types of natural gas generating together have not attracted enough attention in China.Most researchers only focus on single gas.Researchers on multi-types of natural gas have been carried out in the Hangjinqi block of North Ordos Basin,indicating that the Upper Paleozoic in the block is suitable for generation of multi-types of natural gas.Coal-bed methane,source-contacting gas(deep basin gas) and conventional gas generate together in the block.Accumulation mechanism of 3 different types of gas reservoir transfer from absorption to piston and replacement mechanism.Coal-bed methane,source-contacting gas(deep basin gas) and conventional gas reservoirs generate in turn in space,forming accumulation mechanism spectrum.In actual exploration,only source-contacting gas(deep basin gas) and conventional gas reservoirs have commercial value.

STUDY ON RESERVOIR MICRO-CHARACTERISTIC OF CLASTIC ROCKS IN CHANGLING FAULTED DEPRESSION OF THE SONGLIAO BASIN

Li Haihua, Zhang Yanxia, Wang Baohua

2009, 31(6): 557-563. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906557

Abstract(1334) PDF-CN(918)

Abstract:
Based on macro-sedimentary characteristics of clastic rocks and observed by cored samples,several analysis methods such as logging data,rock thin section,casting slice,scanning electron microscope,physical properties and pore structure are used to study the clastic reservoir in Changling Faulted Depression.The result showed that the petrologic types of reservoir in the Changling Faulted Depression mainly include feldspathic lithic sandstone,feldspar sandstone and debris feldspar sandstone.The reservoirs are mainly fractured-porous reservoirs.The physical properties of clastic rocks reservoir is low porosity and permeability or extra low porosity and permeability.The reservoir in this area is characterized by higher drainage capillary pressure and saturation medium pressure value,small pore throat radium and worse pore texture parameters.The stronger compaction-pressolution is the main reasons for the formation of low porosity and permeability.According to the diagenesis stage division,the faulted depression in Dongling area is regarded as A stage of late diagenesis.However,the faulted depression in Yaoyingtai area is grouped into B and C stage of late diagenesis.Combined with evaluation standard of clastic rocks,it was generally considered that the calstic rocks reservoir in Changling Faulted Depression is regarded as Ⅲ or Ⅲ-Ⅳ,and the favorable exploration area is mainly developed in Dongling and Shuangshen Well 1 area,then in Yaoyingtai area.

PETROGENESIS AND SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENT OF THE PERMIAN CHERTS IN THE YANGTZE REGION

Li Hongjing, Xie Xinong, Zhou Lian, Su Ming, Peng Wei, Chen Hui

2009, 31(6): 564-569. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906564

Abstract(1316) PDF-CN(1265)

Abstract:
The studies on Permian cherts from the two typical sections(Shangsi section of Guangyuan area and Nashui section of Luodian area) in the Yangtze region indicate that distict REE characteristics occur among banded,nubby and lamellated cherts in different areas.The ∑REE values in banded and nubby cherts are less than that in lamellated chert.There are semblable Ce/Ce^* values in cherts of different occurrences in same area,but it is quite different in these two areas.In this paper,through comparison and analysis of cherts and surrounding rocks(including limestone and shale),of them,the ∑REE values in shales are the highest,and the next is the lamellated cherts,then the limestone,but the lowest is banded chert.The studies on petrological characteristics and REE geochemical characteristics in cherts show that the Permian cherts in the Guangyuan area are mainly biological sedimentation,but are effected by hydrothermal sedimentation,and they are formed in the middle-lower part of continental shelf.While the Permian cherts in the Luodian area are mainly hydrothermal sedimentation,and the non-hydrothermal sedimentation is also interfused.They are formed in oceanic basin.

FURTHER COGNITION OF THE GAOYOU SAG IN THE SUBEI BASIN AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE ON OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION

Wu Xiangyang, Xia Lianjun, Chen Jing

2009, 31(6): 570-575. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906570

Abstract(1446) PDF-CN(932)

Abstract:
The Gaoyou Sag is an oil and gas-bearing sag with higher exploration degree in the Subei Basin.In recent years,the exploration targets have gradually shifted to these in the area with low S/N ratio and lithologic traps of deep sag belt.Based on the further structural cognition,dealing with the relation among structural styles,seismic data and drilling data,and solving the contradiction among them are significant for fine exploration in mature exploration areas.Simultaneously,the study on palaeo-structure background and palaeo-geography could guide the lithologic reservoir exploration of the unknown district,which is an effective thinking.Integrated with the structural geologic theory,through the research on the structural style of the complex faults in the Gaoyou Sag and the changing of the interpretation scheme for complex data area,new cognition has been summarized in the complex fault belt and north slope area in the Gaoyou Sag.Through the study on the relation between structural background and lithologic reservoir,the exploration direction for the subtle reservoir in the deep sag belt of the Gaoyou Sag is pointed out.

THE STUDY OF ACCUMULATION MECHANISM OF NATURAL GAS IN JIALINGJIANG FORMATION, MOXI-LONGN(U)SI AREA IN THE MIDDLE OF SICHUAN BASIN

Xu Guosheng, Meng Yuzhang, Zhao Yihua, Gong Changming, Yuan Haifeng, Liu Jun

2009, 31(6): 576-582. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906576

Abstract(1354) PDF-CN(848)

Abstract:
The accumulation mechanism of natural gas is still an unsolved problem in the Lower Triassic Jialingjiang Formation of Moxi-Longnüsi area in the middle of Sichuan Basin.The former researcheres considerates that the natural gas of Jialingjiang comes from the underlay Permian source rocks,and this paper mainly rebuilds the maturity history and thermal history of the Permian source rocks in the study area,by combining technologies of apatite fission tack and basin-modelling.Based on the researches mentioned aboved,the paper analyzed the fluid pressure evolution and the formation process of migration pathway,and the accumulation process of natural gas.The paper establish the accumulation model of natural gas of Moxi-Longnüsi structural area,and summarizes the following hydrocarbon accumulation: fluid-drive with high pressure,conduction by fracture,vertical migration of fluid,oil cracking to gas accumulation sealed by gypsum layers.

THE DISTRIBUTION OF LITHOLOGIC TRAPS OF EOGENE IN THE DONGYING SAG OF THE BOHAI BAY BASIN

Zhang Yu

2009, 31(6): 583-587. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906583

Abstract(1377) PDF-CN(804)

Abstract:
There are mainly three genetic types of lithologic trap mode in the Dongying Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin during Eogene time,which are turbidite(fan) trap related to delta,near-shore subaqueous fan-turbidite fan trap and palaeo-geomorphic platform beach-bar trap.Controlled by genetic types of delta,the turbidite(fan) traps are related to flood lakes.So they are often developed during rising hemicycle of medium-term base-level.Near-shore subaqueous fan-turbidite fan traps are controlled by the palaeo-geomorphology,the characteristics of the faults,the fracture intensity,fracture combination styles,etc.The development of the subaqueous fan is often closely related to trough-valley,fault order,continuous movement of the fault.Controlled by the provenance,palaeo-geomorphology and lake strandline,palaeo-geomorphic platform beach-bar traps lies on the palaeo-geomorphic platform in front of or beside the coarse grained lithosomic body,and develops the rising time of the long-term base-level.In the high-frequency sequence frame,bar sand mainly forms during fall time of the middle-term base-level,while beach sand mainly in rise time of the middle-term base-level.

FORMING MECHANISM OF CHANG 2 LOW RESISTIVITY OIL LAYER, YANCHANG FORMATION, JIYUAN REGION, ORDOS BASIN

Zhao Hong, Dang Ben, Yao Jingli, Lin Hongbin, Chen Yongsheng, Zheng Xiaojie, Wang Xiaolin

2009, 31(6): 588-592. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906588

Abstract(1373) PDF-CN(920)

Abstract:
Based on data of casting sheet images,SEM,physical property,mercury injection curves,oil saturation and formation water salinity,forming mechanism of Chang 2 low resistivity oil layer of Yanchang Formation in Jiyuan region of the Ordos Basin has been analyzed.There are mainly 3 reasons for the formation of the low resistivity oil layer,including high irreducible water saturation,low oil saturation and high formation water salinity.Complex porosity structure,development of micro-pores among kaolinite crystal and fine grained rock framework form thin throat and small pore throat radius,which cause high irreducible water saturation.Low oil saturation is mainly caused by low amplitude tectonic setting and low oil column height.High formation water salinity reduces resistivity contrast between oil layer and water layer.According to statistics of geochemical pyrolysis parameters of Change 2 oil layer,combined with data of oil testing and well logging porosity,the cross plot of S1 and Φ has been built,by which the Chang 2 low resistivity oil layer of Yanchang Formation in Jiyuan region can be recognized.

CHARACTERISTIC OF SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC TRELLIS OF B FORMATION OF PALEOGENE IN DEEPWATER AREA IN THE A BASIN OF SOUTH CHINA SEA

Chen Huanqing, Zhu Xiaomin, Zhang Yaxiong, Zhang Jing

2009, 31(6): 593-597. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906593

Abstract(1326) PDF-CN(859)

Abstract:
Guided by classical sequence stratigraphy theory of Vail,and aimed at the difficulties of poor seismic data quality,no well data,complexity of faults,stratum fragmentation and stratigraphic sequence interfaces unsigned that formed by high temperature and high pressure of B Formation,finely carved up the stratum of B Formation of Paleogene in deepwater area.In this process,the well data of shallow water area and the seismic date of deepwater area were used,and five sequence interfaces of SB0,SB1,SB2,SB3 and SB4 were identified.Then the stratum of B Formation of Paleogene were divided into four third-class sequences of SⅠ,SⅡ,SⅢ and SⅣ,and the three-dimensional isochronous stratigraphic sequence trellis of B Formation in the study area were founded.The study results show that reasons of the space-time distributing characteristic of each sequence were differently depositing,partly ascending and denudation effect and rift faulting.Slope fan and basin floor fan developed in LST and fan deltas developed in HST were stratigraphic traps developed areas and favorable areas of prospecting.

THE CORRELATION FRAMEWORK OF FU-YANG OIL LAYERS IN THE EAST OF DAQING PLACANTICLINE

Liu Guozhi, Wang Haitao, Zhang Feng, Zhao Hui, Chen Guoxun, Yang Jun

2009, 31(6): 598-601. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906598

Abstract(1414) PDF-CN(956)

Abstract:
By the triarylated theory system of Exxon sequence stratigraphy,and being tracked the mar-ker bed in the area of basin,which can be contrasted,the Late Mesozoic stratum of the Songliao Basin could be divided into three class sequence.Applying the principle of Cross continental high resolution sequence stratigraphy and according to the alteration of medium-term,short-term and ultrashort-term datum level,the Fu-Yang oil layer can be divided into 3 medium-term datum cycles,8 short-term datum cycles and 39 ultrashort-term datum cycles.And according to the contrast procedure of spot,line and surface,10 main contrast frameworks and 166 accessorial contrast frameworks have been established,and meanwhile a new uniform sequence correlation framework about the east of Daqing placanticline has been established.The established new uniform sequence correlation framework has more definition and high maneuverability.This new sequence correlation framework has laid the geological foundation for nonproducing reserves in the region.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF METAMORPHIC ROCKS IN XINGLONGTAI BURIED MOUNTAIN, LIAOHE DEPRESSION, BOHAI BAY BASIN

Sun Hui, Bian Shaozhi, Song Bairong, Zhao Zhonghua, Sun Shangyu, Zhang Hongbin

2009, 31(6): 602-607. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906602

Abstract(1346) PDF-CN(878)

Abstract:
Interior reservoirs in the Xinglongtai Buried Mountain which locates at the central south of the Western Sag,the Liaohe Depression,the Bohai Bay Basin are highlights in recent domestic researches on buried mountain reservoirs.Meanwhile,they are also big challenges to current exploration methods and technologies.Geochemical studies on metamorphic rocks in buried mountain have been conducted based on their petrographic characteristics.It has been found out that major elements are rich in Si and poor in Fe and Mg.As to trace elements,P and Ti are poor and K and Pb are rich.∑REE is high with LREE enrichment,right-inclining normalized REE pattern and inconspicuous Eu anomaly.All these characteristics have indicated that original rocks of metamorphic rocks come from cognate upper crust and there is little possibility for transcrustal deep faults development.Protolith restoration shows that both ortho-and para-rocks exist in the buried mountain at the same time occurring as stratiform body.All the above mentioned results have big theoretical significance for guiding reservoir explorations in the burial mountain.

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOURCE ROCKS IN CHANGLING FAULT DEPRESSION, SONGLIAO BASIN

Zhou Zhuoming, Wang Zaifeng, Wu Hong

2009, 31(6): 608-612. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906608

Abstract(1305) PDF-CN(897)

Abstract:
The main source rocks of the Changling Fault Depression in the Songliao Basin are dark mudstone and coal seam deposited in the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation.The Huoshiling and Yingcheng Formations are secondary source rocks.Analyses of well samples and outcrops show that,as to the Huoshiling Formation source rocks,organic carbon content is 0.50%-8.55%,hydrocarbon gene-ration potential is 2-17 mg/g,chloroform bitumen "A" content is 0.04%-0.33%,main kerogen type is Ⅱ,and it is during the over-mature stage of organic evolution.As to the Shahezi Formation source rocks,organic carbon content is 1.00%-6.54%,hydrocarbon generation potential is 2-8 mg/g,chloroform bitumen "A" content is 0.2%-0.5%,main kerogen types are Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and it is during the high-and over-mature stages of organic evolution.As to the Yingcheng Formation source rocks,organic carbon content is 0.5%-2.5%,hydrocarbon generation potential is 0.5-4.0 mg/g,chloroform bitumen "A" content is 0.05%-0.20%,main kerogen type is Ⅱ,and it is during the mature and high-mature stages of organic evolution.The Shahezi Formation source rocks are considered as moderate-good,while the Yingcheng and Huoshiling Formations are considered as moderate.

OIL-SOURCE ANALYSIS OF CAMBRIAN SOLID BITUMEN IN THE SOUTHEASTERN GUIZHOU PROVINCE

Wang Qiang, Zhang Qu, Tenger, Zhang Zhirong, Qin Jianzhong

2009, 31(6): 613-615. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906613

Abstract(1404) PDF-CN(1105)

Abstract:
Solid bitumen is widely distributed in the Middle-Upper Cambrian limestones,the Sandu-Danzhai region of southeastern Guizhou Province.Analytical technologies including isotope,saturate hydrocarbon gas chromatogram,saturate and aromatic hydrocarbon GC-MS were applied to study the organic geochemistry and oil-source correlation of it.The results show that the Cambrian solid bitumen in this area is mainly generated from the blackshale of Low Cambrian Zhalagou Formation.

CHARACTERISTICS AND ESTIMATE OF CARBONIFEROUS SOURCE ROCKS IN BAYEHOT BASIN

Wei Pingsheng, Tan Kaijun

2009, 31(6): 616-621. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906616

Abstract(1478) PDF-CN(812)

Abstract:
According to analyses data of source rock samples from surface and underground,it is described in this paper distribution,geochemical characteristics and influential factors of Carboniferous source rocks in the Bayehot Basin.2 types of source rocks are generated in the basin: dark mudstone and limestone,mainly locating in the Chouniugou,Jingyuan and Yanghugou Formations of the Middle-Lower Carboniferous.Dark mudstone works as good source rock,with middle-good organic abundance,sapropel-humic and humic organic types as well as mature-high mature generation stage.Carbonate with lower organic abundance can generate certain hydrocarbon,yet has poor generation potential with less thickness and limited distribution.Sedimentary environment and tectonic movement have great influence on abundance and thermal evolution extent of organic matters.The most favorable source area of Bayehot Basin distribute in the sedimentary area of littoral-neritic delta and near-shore shallow sea facies trending NE to the north of Wuda-Bacan2-Xi1-Chahabuleg.

CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBON ISOTOPE COMPOSITION FROM SECONDARY BIOGENIC GAS IN COALBED GASES--TAKING THE HUAINAN COAL FIELD AS AN EXAMPLE

Zhang Xiaojun, Tao Mingxin, Ma Jinlong, Wang Wanchun, Sun Guoqiang

2009, 31(6): 622-626. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906622

Abstract(1594) PDF-CN(930)

Abstract:
Coalbed gases in Huainan coal field is a gas mixture resulted from thermogenic methane and secondary biogenic gas.And the δ¹³C₁ value of coalbed gases is very different among different mines and coal beds.This is mainly because the difference of mixing proportion between the remaining pyrolysis gas from coalbed and the secondary biogenic gas from post-stage in Huainan coal field.Compared with Chinese thermogenic coalbed gases and others from the world's major regions by δ¹³C₁ and δ¹³C₂ values,it is showed that the δ¹³C₁ value from Huainan coal field is much smaller.The variational property of δ¹³C₁ value is characterized by containing secondary biogenic gas.However,the distribution of δ¹³C₂ value in Huainan coal field is obviously in same position with the one that from Chinese thermogenic coalbed gases and the world's major regions,and it is characterized by property of thermogenic methane.And from the δ¹³C_CO₂ value of coalbed gases,we can inferred that CO₂ in methane is mainly resulted from coal pyrolysis,and part of it is the remaining CO₂ from microbial reduction occurring in the secondary biogenic gas generating process.

ANALYSIS APPLICATION OF COMPREHENSIVE TWO-DIMENSIONALl GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMENTRY IN PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

Jiang Qigui, Wang Qiang, Ma Yuanyuan, Song Xiaoying, Zhang Zhirong, Zhang Meizhen

2009, 31(6): 627-632. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906627

Abstract(1715) PDF-CN(1330)

Abstract:
Analysis study to the petro-geology samples was carried out by the technology of comprehensive 2-D GC TOF MS.According to the analysis of original oil,the regulation of the characteristic regions of several groups,namely paraffin,cyclane,monoaromatics,dinuclear and trinuclear aromatics were revealed.With this facility,it is possible to obtain accurate compound identifying and detailed feature of oil sample's hydrocarbon composition.To give more information of the fingerprint of light hydrocarbons,based on the comparison with traditional GC,higher performance on separating and easier re-cognizing of the light hydrocarbon,which are in the frame of C₆-C₁₀,can be achieved by GC×GC.To the biomarkers analysis,it achieved the great separating and easy identifying of tricyclic and pentacyclic terpane,and similarly to the gammacerane.With the high efficiency and performance of the facility,perspective application in the field of petroleum exploration will be done by the GC×GC.

RESEARCH ON BIOGENIC GAS GENERATION SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF ORGANIC MATTER

Zhang Ying, Wang Xiaobo, Li Jin, Li Jian

2009, 31(6): 633-636. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906633

Abstract(1363) PDF-CN(984)

Abstract:
In order to study the biogenic methane generating abilities and characteristics of different type of organic matter,six samples of four types of organic matter are selected to take biogenic gas generation simulation experiments.The analyzing result of gas products shows that the differences of biogenic methane product potential among different organic matters are great.Gas generating potential difference between algae and peat is a hundred times.The distribution of high qualifies organic matter such as algae in the biogenic gas source rock and its contribution in gas reservoir formation should be paid more attentions.The biogenic transformation rates of different organic matters are distinguished greatly,so it is worth paying some attentions when evaluating biogenic gas source rock.In addition,the carbon isotope ratio of biogenic methane is doubly controlled by the isotopic fraction effect and the carbon isotope ratio of mother material,and the distribution range is large.The isotope value of biogenic carbon dioxide is obviously heavy.It is suggested many parameters such as methane carbon isotope,carbon isotope of carbon dioxide and gas composition should be comprehend together when identifying the origin of gas reservoir.

MICROCOSMIC EXPERIMENT MODELING ON WATER-DRIVEN-OIL MECHANISM IN FRACTURED-VUGGY RESERVOIRS

Li Jianglong, Chen Zhihai, Gao Shusheng

2009, 31(6): 637-642. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906637

Abstract(1411) PDF-CN(1243)

Abstract:
Fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir on behalf of the Tahe Oilfield in Tarim Basin is one of special reservoir types,where eroded holes and large cavities are main store space for oil and gas,and structure fracture and eroded fracture is the main flow path for fluid.By means of light-eroded microcosmic glass plane model,water-driven-oil mechanics in the type of reservoirs is studied.The experimental results show that water-oil mutual phase or "piston-driven pattern" for plane drive can exist in the process of water-driven-oil in medium or smaller-scale cavities,and only "piston-driven pattern" for vertical drive can exist in large-scale cavities,and there are many styles of movement in fractures including front-skipping,block-breaking,subsection-moving and dominant path flow.Residual oil distribution styles are divided into continuous phase type and separate phase type.Continuous phase types include "cecum style" residual oil in vugs or remaining oil in orthodoxy fractures with main flow paths.Separate phase types include segment shape,film shape,drop shape,horn shape.Based on the above,the unsteady phenomenon on the well production is analyzed by microcosmic flow mechanism,and countermeasures are provided for water-flooding in the type of reservoirs.

STUDIES OF ANALYSIS APPROACHES OF OIL-AND-GAS INCLUSION COMPOSITION AND CHARACTERISTICS

Shi Weijun, Jiang Hong, Xi Binbin, Liu Keyu, Li Zhiming, Zhen Lunju

2009, 31(6): 643-648. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200906643

Abstract(1691) PDF-CN(1171)

Abstract:
Petroleum inclusions have attracted more and more attention from petroleum geologists due to their special significance in petroleum generation,migration and accumulation.Studies of petroleum inclusion properties are systemic and require combination of various methods,such as microscope fluorescence,Laser Raman Spectroscopy,quantitative grain fluorescence and group inclusion composition analyses.The approaches are helpful in composition analyses of petroleum inclusions and provide reliable evidences for basin analyses,petroleum resource evaluation as well as accumulation stage and migration pathway identification.

2009 Vol. 31, No. 6

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