江汉盆地潜江凹陷盐间云质页岩热压生排烃模拟实验研究

潘银华; 黎茂稳; 孙永革; 李志明; 李璐赟; 廖玉宏

doi:10.11781/sysydz201804551

江汉盆地潜江凹陷盐间云质页岩热压生排烃模拟实验研究

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201804551

潘银华^1,2,3,4,
黎茂稳^2,3,
孙永革¹,
李志明^2,3,
李璐赟⁵,
廖玉宏⁴

1. 浙江大学地球科学系, 杭州 310027;
2. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126;
3. 页岩油气富集机理和有效开发国家重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126;
4. 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640;
5. 中国地质大学资源学院, 武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）（2014CB239101）、有机地球化学国家重点实验室开放基金（SKLOG-201601）和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）子课题（XDB10010301）共同资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
潘银华(1987-),男,博士后,从事油气地球化学研究工作。E-mail:panyh@gig.ac.cn。

中图分类号: TE135
计量
- 文章访问数: 1005
- HTML全文浏览量: 114
- PDF下载量: 141
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-09-13
- 修回日期: 2018-05-26
- 刊出日期: 2018-07-28

Thermo-compression simulation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of inter-salt dolomitic shale, Qianjiang Sag, Jianghan Basin

PAN Yinhua^1,2,3,4,
LI Maowen^2,3,
SUN Yongge¹,
LI Zhiming^2,3,
LI Luyun⁵,
LIAO Yuhong⁴

1. Department of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China;
2. Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China;
3. SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China;
4. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China;
5. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 江汉盆地潜江凹陷盐间云质页岩具有形成规模页岩油资源的潜力。通过对潜江组未熟的云质页岩烃源岩样品开展热压生排烃模拟实验，定量分析了不同热成熟度烃源岩有机质的生烃产率，并探讨了盐间云质页岩的生排烃过程。此外，将由总排烃量计算获得的转化率作为热成熟度的标尺，分析了排出油和烃气组成随热成熟度的变化。研究结果显示，残留油和排出油之间存在明显的"前驱体-产物"关系，反映了有机质生油过程为"干酪根→沥青→原油"两步同时进行的转化过程。由总排烃量计算获得的转化率与EasyR_o之间服从较严格的玻尔兹曼分布，可用于描述生油窗内烃源岩的排烃行为。当转化率在0~25%之间时，排出油各族组分相对含量变化较小；而当转化率在25%~100%之间时，排出油沥青质组分的相对含量迅速减少而饱和烃和芳烃组分明显增加，说明干酪根裂解形成的沥青（即残留油）是排出油中烃类逐渐富集的主要物质来源；与此同时，形成更多的小分子烃类改善了烃类流体的流动性，排烃作用相应增强，导致排出油产率在该阶段快速增加。
- 盐间云质页岩 /
- 生排烃模拟实验 /
- 生烃产率 /
- 转化率 /
- 排出油
Abstract: The inter-salt dolomitic shales in the Qianjiang Sag of Jianghan Basin have a potential to form considerable amounts of shale oil resources. The study on the thermal evolution of inter-salt dolomitic shales plays an important guiding role on shale oil resource evaluation as well as oil exploration and development. A thermo-compression simulation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion was performed with an immature dolomitic shale source rock from the Qianjiang Formation. The quantitative yields of the products generated from source rocks with an increasing thermal maturity were calculated to explore the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of inter-salt dolomitic shales. The results showed that there is a precursor-product relationship between residual oil and expelled oil, suggesting that oil generation is a simultaneous two-step process, namely kerogen→bitumen→oil. A strict Boltzmann distribution was observed between TR and EasyR_o value in this study, which can be used as a method to describe hydrocarbon expulsion during maturation within the oil window. Within a TR range of 0-25%, the contents of group fractions of expelled oil show slight changes. However, within a TR range of 25%-100%, the content of asphaltene fraction rapidly decreases while the contents of both saturated and aromatic fractions increase significantly. This indicated that bitumen is the main source of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons that are gradually enriched in expelled oil. Meanwhile, the generated light hydrocarbons improve the liquidity of hydrocarbon fluid and thus enhance hydrocarbon expulsion, which results in a rapid increase in the product yield of expelled oil in this stage.
- inter-salt dolomitic shale /
- simulated experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion /
- product yield /
- transformation ratio /
- expelled oil

HTML全文

参考文献(28)

[1]	戴世昭.江汉盐湖盆地石油地质[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997. DAI Shizhao.Petroleum geology of Jianghan Saline Lake Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.
[2]	蒲秀刚,漆智先,郑晓玲,等.盐间非砂岩油藏基本石油地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(5):28-30. PU Xiugang,QI Zhixian,ZHENG Xiaoling,et al.Basic petroleum geological characteristics and resource potential of inter-salt non-sandstone reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(5):28-30.
[3]	张永生,杨玉卿,漆智先,等.江汉盆地潜江凹陷古近系潜江组含盐岩系沉积特征与沉积环境[J].古地理学报,2003,5(1):29-35. ZHANG Yongsheng,YANG Yuqing,QI Zhixian,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and environments of the salt-bearing series of Qianjiang Formation of the Palaeogene in Qianjiang Sag of Jianghan Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2003,5(1):29-35.
[4]	漆智先,舒向伟,桑利,等.潜江凹陷潜江组盐间泥质白云岩形成模式分析[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版)理工,2012,9(7):19-23. QI Zhixian,SHU Xiangwei,SANG Li,et al.The forming pattern of inter-salt argillaceous dolomite in Qianjiang Formation of Qianjiang Depression[J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition) Science & Engineering,2012,9(7):19-23.
[5]	杜小娟,贺钦.江汉盐湖盆地盐间泥质白云岩烃源岩特征[J].江汉石油科技,2012,22(1):7-10. DU Xiaojuan,HE Qin.The characteristics of hydrocarbon source rocks of inter-salt argillaceous dolomite from Jianghan Saline Lake Basin[J].Jianghan Petroleum Science and Technology,2012,22(1):7-10.
[6]	吴世强,唐小山,杜小娟,等.江汉盆地潜江凹陷陆相页岩油地质特征[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),2013,36(3):282-286. WU Shiqiang,TANG Xiaoshan,DU Xiaojuan,et al.Geologic characteristics of continental shale oil in the Qianjiang Depression,Jianghan Salt Lake Basin[J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology (Natural Science Edition),2013,36(3):282-286.
[7]	熊智勇,吴世强,王洋,等.江汉盐湖盆地盐间泥质白云岩油藏地质特征与实践[J].地质科技情报,2015,34(2):181-187. XIONG Zhiyong,WU Shiqiang,WANG Yang,et al.Geological characteristics and practice for inter-salt argillaceous dolomites reservoir in the Qianjiang Depression of Jianghan Salt Lake Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2015,34(2):181-187.
[8]	王芙蓉,何生,郑有恒,等.江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜江组盐间页岩油储层矿物组成与脆性特征研究[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(2):211-218. WANG Furong,HE Sheng,ZHENG Youheng,et al.Mineral composition and brittleness characteristics of the inter-salt shale oil reservoirs in the Qianjiang Formation,Qianjiang Sag[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2016,38(2):211-218.
[9]	SPIGOLON A L D,LEWAN M D,DE BARROS PENTEADO H L,et al.Evaluation of the petroleum composition and quality with increasing thermal maturity as simulated by hydrous pyrolysis:a case study using a Brazilian source rock with type I kerogen[J].Organic Geochemistry,2015,83-84:27-53.
[10]	HORSFIELD B,DISKO U,LEISTNER F.The micro-scale simulation of maturation:outline of a new technique and its potential applications[J].Geologische Rundschau,1989,78(1):361-374.
[11]	BEHAR F,VANDENBROUCKE M,TANG Y,et al.Thermal cracking of kerogen in open and closed systems:determination of kinetic parameters and stoichiometric coefficients for oil and gas generation[J].Organic Geochemistry,1997,26(5/6):321-339.
[12]	LEWAN M D.Experiments on the role of water in petroleum formation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1997,61(17):3691-3723.
[13]	郑伦举,秦建中,何生,等.地层孔隙热压生排烃模拟实验初步研究[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(3):296-302. ZHENG Lunju,QIN Jianzhong,HE Sheng,et al.Preliminary study of formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion[J].Petroleum Geo-logy & Experiment,2009,31(3):296-302.
[14]	马中良,郑伦举,李志明.烃源岩有限空间温压共控生排烃模拟实验研究[J].沉积学报,2012,30(5):955-963. MA Zhongliang,ZHENG Lunju,LI Zhiming.The thermocompression simulation experiment of source rock hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in formation porosity[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(5):955-963.
[15]	BEHAR F,BEAUMONT V,DE B PENTEADO H L.Rock-Eval 6 technology:performances and developments[J].Oil & Gas Science and Technology,2001,56(2):111-134.
[16]	孙永革,陈建平,邓春萍.湖相优质烃源岩排烃热模拟实验及排烃效率[C]//第十三届全国有机地球化学学术会议论文集.南宁:中国石油学会,2011:140-141. SUN Yongge,CHEN Jianping,DENG Chunping.The thermal simulation experiment and efficiency of petroleum expulsion from high-quality lacustrine source rocks[C]//13th National Academic Conference on Organic Geochemistry,Nanning,2011:140-141.
[17]	LEWAN M D.Evaluation of petroleum generation by hydrous pyro-lysis experiment[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A,1985,315(1531):123-134.
[18]	BEHAR F,LORANT F,LEWAN M.Role of NSO compounds during primary cracking of a type Ⅱ kerogen and a type Ⅲ lignite[J].Organic Geochemistry,2008,39(1):1-22.
[19]	LEWAN M D.Assessing natural oil expulsion from source rocks by laboratory pyrolysis[M]//MAGOON L,DOW W.The petroleum system:from source to trap.Tulsa:AAPG,1994:201-210.
[20]	TISSOT B P,WELTE D H.Petroleum formation and occurrence:a new approach to oil and gas exploration[M]. Berlin:Springer,1984.
[21]	BEHAR F,PELET R,ROUCACHE J.Geochemistry of asphaltenes[J].Organic Geochemistry,1984,6:587-595.
[22]	CASSANI F,EGLINTON G.Organic geochemistry of Venezuelan extra-heavy oils:1.Pyrolysis of asphaltenes:a technique for the correlation and maturity evaluation of crude oils[J].Chemical Geology,1986,56(3/4):167-183.
[23]	SCHOELL M.Genetic characterization of natural gases[J].AAPG Bulletin,1983,67(12):2225-2238.
[24]	PRINZHOFER A,MELLO M R,TAKAKI T.Geochemical characterization of natural gas:a physical approach and its applications in maturity and migration estimates[J].AAPG Bulletin,2000,84(8):1152-1172.
[25]	HUNT J M.Petroleum geochemistry and geology[M].New York:W. H. Freeman and Company,1996.
[26]	GUO Liguo,XIAO Xianming,TIAN Hui,et al.Distinguishing gases derived from oil cracking and kerogen maturation:insights from laboratory pyrolysis experiments[J].Organic Geochemis-try,2009,40(10):1074-1084.
[27]	LIAO Yuhong,ZHENG Yijun,PAN Yinhua,et al.A method to quantify C₁-C₅ hydrocarbon gases by kerogen primary cracking using pyrolysis gas chromatography[J].Organic Geochemistry,2015,79:49-55.
[28]	PRINZHOFER A A,HUC A Y.Genetic and post-genetic mole-cular and isotopic fractionations in natural gases[J].Chemical Geology,1995,126(3/4):281-290.