页岩中黄铁矿类型及其对页岩气富集的影响——以四川盆地及其周缘五峰组—龙马溪组页岩为例

张光荣; 聂海宽; 唐玄; 杜伟; 孙川翔; 陈松

doi:10.11781/sysydz202003459

页岩中黄铁矿类型及其对页岩气富集的影响——以四川盆地及其周缘五峰组—龙马溪组页岩为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202003459

张光荣^1,,
聂海宽^{2, 3},
唐玄^{1, 2, ,},
杜伟^{2, 3},
孙川翔^{2, 3},
陈松⁴

1.
中国地质大学(北京)自然资源部页岩气资源战略评价重点实验室, 北京 100083
2.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
3.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
4.
中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院, 山东青岛 266100

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 41872124

国家自然科学基金 41972132

国家自然科学基金 41730421

详细信息

作者简介:
张光荣(1996-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事非常规油气地质研究。E-mail: 2106180043@cugb.edu.cn

通讯作者:
唐玄(1979-), 男, 副教授, 硕士生导师, 从事非常规油气地质研究。E-mail: tangxuan@cugb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE132.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 681
- HTML全文浏览量: 102
- PDF下载量: 168
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-06
- 修回日期: 2020-03-26
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-28

Pyrite type and its effect on shale gas accumulation: a case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in Sichuan Basin and its periphery

ZHANG Guangrong^1
,,
NIE Haikuan^{2, 3},
TANG Xuan^{1, 2
, ,},
DU Wei^{2, 3},
SUN Chuanxiang^{2, 3},
CHEN Song⁴

1.
Key Laboratory of Strategy Evaluation for Shale Gas, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanism and Effective Development, Beijing 100083, China
3.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
4.
College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, China

摘要

摘要: 黄铁矿是页岩中普遍存在的矿物之一，对其类型、成因及其对页岩气富集的影响的研究还处在探索阶段。以四川盆地及其周缘上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组页岩为研究对象，通过薄片观察、扫描电镜等手段，识别出草莓状、纹层状、结核状、自形以及他形等黄铁矿类型，五峰组-龙马溪组页岩中的黄铁矿主要形成于同生沉积阶段和早成岩阶段。草莓状黄铁矿主要形成于同生沉积阶段，指示还原环境，有利于有机质富集和保存，其含量与总有机碳呈正相关关系，其发育层段常富含有机质。草莓状黄铁矿与生物成因石英、陆源碎屑石英一起形成刚性颗粒支撑格架，对原始粒间孔隙的保存具有重要作用，有利于油气充注、滞留以及有机质孔的发育。研究区五峰组-龙马溪组底部黑色页岩草莓状黄铁矿非常发育，显示其不仅具有良好的有机质富集的物质基础，也有利于页岩优质储层的形成，草莓状黄铁矿含量可以作为页岩气甜点段判识的依据。
- 黄铁矿 /
- 页岩气 /
- 五峰组 /
- 龙马溪组 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Pyrite is one of the most common minerals in shale, but its type, genesis and effect on shale gas accumulation are still in the initial study stage. The shale in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery was studied. Strawberry-like, stratified, tuberculosis, euhedral and anhedral pyrites were identified through thin section observation, scanning electronic microscopy analyses. The pyrites in the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations are mainly developed during the syngenetic and early diagenetic stages. The strawberry-like pyrites are formed in the syngenetic stage, indicating a reducing environment, which is conducive for organic matter enrichment and preservation. The pyrite content has a positive correlation with the organic carbon content. The layers with a high content of pyrites are usually rich in organic matter. Strawberry-like pyrites, together with biogenic quartz and terrestrial detrital quartz, formed a rigid particle grid supporting the original intergranular pores, which was beneficial to hydrocarbon charging, preservation and organic matter-hosted pore development. The bottom of the Wufeng -Longmaxi shale with well developed strawberry-like pyrite in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, indicate it not only has a good condition for organic matter enrichment, but also is conducive to the formation of high-quality shale gas reservoirs. The strawberry-like pyrite content can be used as a clue for identifying shale gas "sweet spots".
- pyrite /
- shale gas /
- Wufeng Formation /
- Longmaxi Formation /
- Sichuan Basin

HTML全文

图 1 四川盆地及其周缘五峰组—龙马溪组主要页岩气田和页岩气井位置

Figure 1. Major gas fields and typical shale gas wells in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Sichuan Basin and its periphery

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 四川盆地威远地区WY1井龙马溪组页岩中黄铁矿

Figure 2. Pyrite in Longmaxi shale in well WY1, Weiyuan area, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 四川盆地涪陵、威远地区龙马溪组页岩中草莓状黄铁矿

Figure 3. Strawberry-like pyrites in Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in Fuling and Weiyuan areas, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 四川盆地涪陵地区JY1井龙马溪组页岩中的自形黄铁矿

Figure 4. Euhedral pyrites in Longmaxi shale from well JY1, Fuling area, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 四川盆地龙马溪组页岩中弯曲片状伊利石晶体间充填的自形和他形黄铁矿

Figure 5. Euhedral and anhedral pyrites filling curved flake illite crystals in Longmaxi shale in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 四川盆地涪陵、丁山地区龙马溪组页岩中黄铁矿交代化石

Figure 6. Pyrite metasomatic fossils in Longmaxi shale in Fuling and Dingshan areas, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 四川盆地涪陵地区JY1井龙马溪组页岩中黄铁矿紧邻有机质呈条带状的分布

Figure 7. Banded pyrites adjacent to organic matter in Longmaxi shale in well JY1, Fuling area, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 草莓状黄铁矿的平均粒径对标准偏差的二元图解图版据参考文献[5]。

Figure 8. Average particle size of strawberry pyrites vs. standard deviation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 四川盆地JY4井龙马溪组黑色页岩中的刚性颗粒支撑格架

Figure 9. Rigid particle support grids in Longmaxi black shale in JY4 well, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 四川盆地及其周缘五峰组—龙马溪组页岩中草莓状黄铁矿粒径分布

Table 1. Particle size distribution of strawberry-like pyrite in Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in Sichuan Basin and its periphery

样品号	深度/m	统计数量	平均粒径/μm	中间粒径/μm	最大粒径/μm	标准偏差/μm
JY1S-1-1	2 330.46	40	4.55	4.46	12.80	1.99
JY1S-2-1	2 335.30	47	2.18	1.55	7.85	1.56
JY1S-3-9	2 340.82	35	2.08	1.63	5.77	1.02
JY1S-4-10	2 346.50	105	3.02	2.79	11.46	1.82
JY1S-5-5	2 352.89	103	3.21	2.56	9.10	1.90
JY1S-6-2	2 359.98	96	3.10	2.44	13.01	2.18
JY1S-7-8	2 366.74	93	3.01	2.75	8.22	1.59
JY1S-8-2	2 376.05	91	2.50	2.09	8.84	1.67
JY1S-9-3	2 381.91	131	2.41	2.04	9.78	1.53
JY1S-10-5	2 385.42	86	2.68	2.49	7.14	1.30
JY1S-11-4	2 391.95	140	2.13	1.80	7.62	1.24
JY1S-12-4	2 397.13	69	3.36	3.06	9.86	1.69
JY1S-13-3	2 402.55	100	2.55	2.17	7.28	1.42
JY1S-14-9	2 406.16	77	3.12	2.96	6.86	1.29
JY1S-15-8	2 411.05	82	3.28	2.76	14.66	2.16
JY1S-16-2	2 414.88	36	0.21	0.16	0.70	0.16

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(32)

[1]	蒲泊伶, 董大忠, 耳闯, 等. 川南地区龙马溪组页岩有利储层发育特征及其影响因素[J]. 天然气工业, 2013, 33(12): 41-47. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201312006.htm PU Boling, DONG Dazhong, ER Chuang, et al. Favorable reservoir characteristics of the Longmaxi shale in the southern Sichuan Basin and their influencing factors[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2013, 33(12): 41-47. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201312006.htm
[2]	刘国恒, 翟刚毅, 邹才能, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组泥页岩硅质来源与油气富集[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41(1): 45-55. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201901045 LIU Guodong, ZHAI Gangyi, ZOU Caineng, et al. Silicon sources and hydrocarbon accumulation in shale, Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 41(1): 45-55. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201901045
[3]	何顺, 秦启荣, 周吉羚, 等. 川东南DS地区龙马溪组页岩气形成及富集控制因素[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25(6): 70-76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2018.06.013 HE Shun, QIN Qirong, ZHOU Jiling, et al. Shale gas generation and enrichment in the Longmaxi Formation of DS, southeast Sichuan[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2018, 25(6): 70-76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2018.06.013
[4]	郭彤楼. 页岩气勘探开发中的几个地质问题[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2019, 9(5): 14-19. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ201905002.htm GUO Tonglou. A few geological issues in shale gas exploration and development[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2019, 9(5): 14-19. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ201905002.htm
[5]	易积正, 王超. 四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组海相页岩储层非均质性特征[J]. 石油实验地质, 2018, 40(1): 13-19. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201801013 YI Jizheng, WANG Chao. Differential pore development characteristics in various shale lithofacies of Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2018, 40(1): 13-19. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201801013
[6]	LOUCKS R G, REED R M, RUPPEL S C, et al. Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2012, 96(6): 1071-1098. doi: 10.1306/08171111061
[7]	WILKIN R T, BARNES H L, BRANTLEY S L. The size distribution of framboidal pyrite in modern sediments: an indicator of redox conditions[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1996, 60(20): 209-216.
[8]	ZHU Dongya, LIU Quanyou, ZHOU Bing, et al. Sulfur isotope of pyrite response to redox chemistry in organic matter-enriched shales and implications for components of shale gas[J]. Interpretation, 2018, 6(4): 1-43.
[9]	徐祖新, 韩淑敏, 王启超. 中扬子地区陡山沱组页岩储层中黄铁矿特征及其油气意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2015, 27(2): 31-37. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX201502007.htm XU Zuxin, HAN Shumin, WANG Qichao. Characteristics of pyrite and its hydrocarbon significance of shale reservoir of Doushantuo Formation in middle Yangtze area[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2015, 27(2): 31-37. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX201502007.htm
[10]	SHILEY R H, CLUFF R M, DICKERSON D R, et al. Correlation of natural gas content to iron species in the New Albany shale group[J]. Fuel, 1981, 60(8): 732-738. doi: 10.1016/0016-2361(81)90228-3
[11]	聂海宽, 金之钧, 马鑫, 等. 四川盆地及邻区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组底部笔石带及沉积特征[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(2): 160-174. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201702004.htm NIE Haikuan, JIN Zhijun, MA Xin, et al. Graptolites zone and sedimentary characteristics of Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(2): 160-174. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201702004.htm
[12]	张崇瑞, 倪冬, 庄登登, 等. 柿庄南3~#煤储层渗透率特征及其控制因素[J]. 内蒙古石油化工, 2019, 45(2): 37-38. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NMSH201902014.htm ZHANG Chongrui, NI Dong, ZHUANG Dengdeng, et al. Characteristics of permeability for 3~# coal reservoir in south Shizhuang and its control factors[J]. Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry, 2019, 45(2): 37-38. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-NMSH201902014.htm
[13]	李建忠, 董大忠, 陈更生, 等. 中国页岩气资源前景与战略地位[J]. 天然气工业, 2009, 29(5): 11-16, 134. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG200905003.htm LI Jianzhong, DONG Dazhong, CHEN Gengsheng, et al. Prospects and strategic position of shale gas resources in China[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2009, 29(5): 11-16, 134. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG200905003.htm
[14]	邓鑫, 康志宏, 彭媛媛, 等. 四川盆地南部五峰组页岩元素特征对古构造及古环境的指示意义[J]. 煤炭技术, 2018, 37(5): 131-133. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTJS201805051.htm DENG Xin, KANG Zhihong, PENG Yuanyuan, et al. Element characteristics of shale in Wufeng Formation in southern Sichuan Basin indicating significance of paleo-tectonic and Paleoenvironment[J]. Coal Technology, 2018, 37(5): 131-133. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MTJS201805051.htm
[15]	李丹, 欧成华, 马中高, 等. 黄铁矿与页岩的相互作用及其对页岩气富集与开发的意义[J]. 石油物探, 2018, 57(3): 332-343. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYWT201803003.htm LI Dan, OU Chenghua, MA Zhonggao, et al. Pyrite-shale interaction in shale gas enrichment and development[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2018, 57(3): 332-343. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYWT201803003.htm
[16]	刘子驿. 湘鄂西五峰-龙马溪组黄铁矿成因及其页岩气意义[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2017. LIU Ziyi. Shale gas significance of pyrite in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations, case study in western Hunan and Hubei[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2017.
[17]	赵迪斐, 郭英海, 朱炎铭, 等. 龙马溪组页岩黄铁矿微观赋孔特征及地质意义[J]. 沉积学报, 2018, 36(5): 864-876. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB201805002.htm ZHAO Difei, GUO Yinghai, ZHU Yanming, et al. Micropore characteristics and geological significance of pyrite in shale rocks of Longmaxi Formation[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2018, 36(5): 864-876. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB201805002.htm
[18]	RAISWELL R, BERNER R A. Pyrite formation in euxinic and semi-euxinic sediments[J]. American Journal of Science, 1985, 285(8): 710-724.
[19]	BOND D P G, WIGNALL P B. Pyrite framboid study of marine Permian-Triassic boundary sections: a complex anoxic event and its relationship to contemporaneous mass extinction[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 2010, 122(7-8): 1265-1279.
[20]	王晓洁, 张世奇, 魏孟吉, 等. 东濮凹陷文东地区沙三段黄铁矿特征及形成模式[J]. 断块油气田, 2015, 22(2): 178-183. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT201502009.htm WANG Xiaojie, ZHANG Shiqi, WEI Mengji, et al. Characte-ristics and formation mode of Es₃ Member pyrite in Wendong area of Dongpu Depression[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2015, 22(2): 178-183. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT201502009.htm
[21]	张鑫. 硫酸盐还原菌还原分解硫酸盐矿物的机制及环境意义[D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2015. ZHANG Xin. Mechanism and environmental significance of the decomposition of sulfate-reduction bacterium[D]. Hefei: Hefei Polytechnic University, 2015.
[22]	聂海宽, 张金川. 页岩气储层类型和特征研究: 以四川盆地及其周缘下古生界为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2011, 33(3): 219-225, 232. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYSD201103003.htm NIE Haikuan, ZHANG Jinchuan. Types and characteristics of shale gas reservoir: a case study of Lower Paleozoic in and around Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2011, 33(3): 219-225, 232. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYSD201103003.htm
[23]	RAISWELL R. Pyrite texture, isotopic composition and the availability of iron[J]. American Journal of Science, 1982, 282(8): 1244-1263.
[24]	帅德权, 胡晓强. 陕西二台子-半仓沟金矿的黄铁矿海绵结构[J]. 黄金地质, 1996, (2): 71-73. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJDZ602.013.htm SHUAI Dequan, HU Xiaoqiang. Sponge structure of pyrite in Ertaizi-Bancanggou Gold Deposit, Shaanxi province[J]. Gold Geology. 1996, (2): 71-73. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HJDZ602.013.htm
[25]	张林晔, 李钜源, 李政, 等. 湖相页岩有机储集空间发育特点与成因机制[J]. 地球科学(中国地质大学学报), 2015, 40(11): 1824-1833. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201511005.htm ZHANG Linye, LI Juyuan, LI Zheng, et al. Development characte-ristics and formation mechanism of intra-organic reservoir space in lacustrine shales[J]. Earth Science(Journal of China University of Geosciences), 2015, 40(11): 1824-1833. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201511005.htm
[26]	程超, 林海宇, 蒋裕强, 等. 川南龙马溪组含气页岩热导率实验研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41(2): 289-294. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201103219 CHENG Chao, LIN Haiyu, JIANG Yuqiang, et al. Thermal conductivity of gas-bearing shale of the Longmaxi Formation in the southern Sichuan[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 41(2): 289-294. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201103219
[27]	舒丽娟. 奈曼凹陷九佛堂组非烃流体地质意义及控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2015, 27(3): 75-81. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX201503012.htm SHU Lijuan. Geological significance and controlling factors of nonhydrocarbon fluid of Jiufotang Formation in Naiman Sag[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2015, 27(3): 75-81. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YANX201503012.htm
[28]	孙川翔, 聂海宽, 刘光祥, 等. 石英矿物类型及其对页岩气富集开采的控制: 以四川盆地及其周缘五峰组-龙马溪组为例[J]. 地球科学, 2019, 44(11): 1-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201911009.htm SUN Chuanxiang, NIE Haikuan, LIU Guangxiang, et al. Quartz type and its control on shale gas enrichment and production: a case study of the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas, China[J]. Earth Science, 2019, 44(11): 1-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX201911009.htm
[29]	刘霜, 钱华, 张梦吟, 等. 四川盆地涪陵页岩气田五峰-龙马溪组岩矿纵向差异性研究: 以JYA井为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2018, 40(1): 64-70. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201801064 LIU Shuang, QIAN Hua, ZHANG Mengyin, et al. Vertical variation of rocks and minerals in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Fuling shale gas field, Sichuan Basin: a case study of well JYA[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2018, 40(1): 64-70. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201801064
[30]	赖富强, 冷寒冰, 龚大建, 等. 综合矿物组分和弹性力学参数的页岩脆性评价方法[J]. 断块油气田, 2019, 26(2): 168-171, 186. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT201902008.htm LAI Fuqiang, LENG Hanbing, GONG Dajian, et al. Evaluation of shale brittleness based on mineral compositions and elastic mechanics parameters[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field, 2019, 26(2): 168-171, 186. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DKYT201902008.htm
[31]	刘尧文, 王进, 张梦吟, 等. 四川盆地涪陵地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩气层孔隙特征及对开发的启示[J]. 石油实验地质, 2018, 40(1): 44-50. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201801044 LIU Yaowen, WANG Jin, ZHANG Mengyin, et al. Pore features of shale gas layer in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Fuling area of Sichuan Basin and the application to development[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2018, 40(1): 44-50. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201801044
[32]	朱联强, 袁海峰, 林雪梅, 等. 四川盆地安岳构造寒武系龙王庙组成岩矿物充填期次及油气成藏[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, (6): 812-820. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201906812 ZHU Lianqiang, YUAN Haifeng, LIN Xuemei, et al. Diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation of the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Anyue, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, (6): 812-820. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201906812