塔里木盆地塔河油田中下奥陶统鹰山组内幕储层成因机理

吕艳萍; 吕晶; 徐想东; 邓光校; 刘永立; 刘存革; 张振哲; 韩拥强

doi:10.11781/sysydz2021061031

塔里木盆地塔河油田中下奥陶统鹰山组内幕储层成因机理

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2021061031

吕艳萍^1,,
吕晶¹,
徐想东²,
邓光校¹,
刘永立^{1, 3, ,},
刘存革⁴,
张振哲¹,
韩拥强⁵

1.
中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830011
2.
中国海洋石油国际有限公司, 北京 100028
3.
中国地质大学(武汉) 构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430074
4.
广东石油化工学院石油工程学院, 广东茂名 525000
5.
新疆博塔油田技术服务有限公司, 新疆库尔勒 841000

基金项目:

中国石化科技部项目“岩溶系统描述及空间结构井网构建研究” P20042

详细信息

作者简介:
吕艳萍(1977-), 女, 硕士, 高级工程师, 从事碳酸盐岩油藏开发研究。E-mail: lvyp.xbsj@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
刘永立(1982-), 男, 博士研究生, 副研究员, 从事碳酸盐岩沉积与储层研究。E-mail: liuyongli526@126.com

中图分类号: TE122.21
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-30
- 修回日期: 2021-10-11
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-28

Genetic mechanism of inner reservoirs of Yingshan Formation of Middle-Lower Ordovician in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

1.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, Northwest Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
2.
CNOOC International Ltd., Beijing 100028, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
4.
College of Petroleum Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
5.
Xinjiang Bota Oilfield Technical Service Co., Ltd., Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China

摘要

摘要: 塔里木盆地塔河油田中下奥陶统顶部风化壳缝洞型储集体是主力产层，在其下部依然发育规模性储集体，为探讨这套储集体的成因机理，在A井区开展了碳氧同位素、锶同位素、稀土元素和阴极发光等分析测试工作。洞穴和构造裂缝方解石的δ¹⁸O和δ¹³C值明显比灰岩背景值偏负，具有δ¹⁸O不变而δ¹³C可变的趋势，δ¹⁸O_PDB均值为-14.74‰，为脱气作用形成的大气水方解石线。洞穴和构造裂缝方解石的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr比值介于0.709 622~0.709 968之间，明显高于背景值，主要受壳源锶的影响；稀土元素中Ce和Eu元素无正异常，表明缺乏热液流体的参与。洞穴和构造裂缝方解石胶结物主要发橘黄色和暗棕色光，代表的是弱氧化—弱还原环境。研究认为，A井区中下奥陶统鹰山组缝洞储集体形成于海西早期大气淡水深部缓流带环境，该岩溶环境具有承压、水流缓慢、不受排水基准面控制的特点。
- 大气水方解石线 /
- 深缓流带 /
- 储层成因 /
- 鹰山组 /
- 中下奥陶统 /
- 塔河油田 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: The fracture-cave reservoirs of weathering crust on the top of Middle-Lower Ordovician in the Tahe Oil Field of Tarim Basin are the major production layer, and large scale reservoirs are also developed underneath the reservoirs. In order to discuss the genetic mechanism of formation of these reservoirs, carbon and oxygen isotope, strontium isotope, rare earth elements and cathodoluminescence were tested in the well A area. The δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C values of calcite in caves and structural fractures are obviously negative than those in limestone background. The mean value of δ¹⁸O_PDB is -14.74‰, showing a trend of constant δ¹⁸O and variable δ¹³C, which are the calcite lines of atmospheric water formed by degassing. The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of calcites from caves and structures range from 0.709 622 to 0.709 968, which are obviously higher than the background values, and are mainly affected by crustal strontium. There are no positive anomalies in Ce and Eu elements, indicating that there is no hydrothermal fluid involved. The cathodoluminescence of calcites are mainly orange and dark brown, which represents weak oxidation-reduction environment. The results showed that the fracture-cave reservoirs of the Midde-Lower Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the well A area were formed in the deep slow flow zone of atmospheric water during the Early Hercynian, showing the characteristics of pressure bearing, slow flow and not controlled by the karst drainage base level.
- calcite line of atmospheric water /
- deep slow flow zone /
- reservoir genesis /
- Yingshan Formation /
- Middle-Lower Ordovician /
- Tahe Oil Field /
- Tarim Basin

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图 1 塔里木盆地塔河油田研究区位置示意

Figure 1. Location of study area in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

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图 2 塔里木盆地塔河油田研究区南北向地质剖面

Figure 2. North-south geological section of study area in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

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图 3 塔里木盆地塔河油田A井区振幅变化率(T₇^5-1-T₇⁶)与精细相干叠合图(T₇⁶)(a)及过A井地震剖面(b)

Figure 3. Superposition diagram of amplitude change rate (T₇^5-1-T₇⁶) and fine coherence (T₇⁶) in well A area of Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin (a) and seismic profile of well A (b)

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图 4 塔里木盆地塔河油田A井和B井岩心特征

a.A井，6 104.4 m，洞穴巨晶方解石；b.A井，6 106.1 m，洞穴巨晶方解石；c.A井，6 115.6 m，构造裂缝方解石；d.B井，6 283.4 m，构造裂缝方解石；e.B井，6 284.6 m，洞穴巨晶方解石；f.B井，6 284.8 m，洞穴巨晶方解石

Figure 4. Core characteristics of wells A and B of Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

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图 5 塔里木盆地塔河油田测试样品碳、氧、锶同位素关系

Figure 5. Carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopes of test samples in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

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图 6 塔里木盆地塔河油田测试样品方解石稀土元素配分模式

Figure 6. REE patterns of calcite cement samples in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

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图 7 塔里木盆地塔河油田构造裂缝和洞穴方解石阴极发光特征

a.B井，6 283.41 m，构造裂缝方解石发橘黄色光，上为单偏光照片，下为阴极发光照片，下同；b.B井，6 283.41 m，洞穴巨晶方解石发橘黄色光；c.A井，6 105.5 m，洞穴巨晶方解石发暗棕色光；d.A井，6 105.8 m，洞穴巨晶方解石发橘黄色光；e.A井，6 115.6 m，构造裂缝方解石发暗棕色光、暗橘黄色光和亮黄色光

Figure 7. Characteristics of cathodoluminescence of calcites of tectonic fissures and caves in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

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表 1 塔里木盆地塔河油田测试样品碳、氧、锶同位素组成

Table 1. Carbon, oxygen and strontium isotopic compositions of test samples in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin

井号	深度/m	产状	δ¹³C_PDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_PDB/‰	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr
A井	6 100.15	洞穴巨晶方解石	-1.5	-16.2	0.709 622
	6 100.20	洞穴巨晶方解石	-2.4	-13.8	0.709 657
	6 106.10	洞穴巨晶方解石	-1.5	-15.5	0.709 641
	6 106.80	洞穴巨晶方解石	-1.0	-15.4	0.709 663
	6 115.60	构造裂缝方解石	-1.4	-14.2	0.709 777
	6 115.60	云质灰岩	-1.4	-9.5	0.708 960
B井	6 284.10	构造裂缝方解石	-0.4	-13.8	0.709 868
B井	6 284.80	洞穴巨晶方解石	-2.2	-14.3	0.709 968

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表 2 塔里木盆地塔河油田测试样品稀土元素组成

Table 2. REE compositions of test samples in Tahe Oil Field, Tarim Basin 10^-6

井号	深度/m	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	∑REE
A井	6 100.15	0.397	0.920	0.105	0.423	0.075	0.009	0.051	0.011	0.067	0.016	0.042	0.002	0.028	0.003	2.149
	6 100.20	0.386	0.542	0.067	0.301	0.060	0.015	0.114	0.017	0.154	0.022	0.071	0.005	0.025	0.004	1.783
	6 106.10	0.457	1.020	0.121	0.439	0.081	0.013	0.174	0.013	0.045	0.006	0.030	0.004	0.045	0.003	2.451
	6 106.80	2.590	4.680	0.507	2.000	0.399	0.089	0.441	0.086	0.483	0.106	0.269	0.049	0.221	0.034	11.954
	6 115.60	0.842	1.710	0.189	0.729	0.119	0.028	0.146	0.033	0.12	0.025	0.063	0.006	0.091	0.007	4.108
	6 115.60	1.040	2.010	0.203	0.831	0.146	0.028	0.165	0.014	0.156	0.032	0.076	0.018	0.068	0.007	4.794
B井	6 284.10	0.613	0.868	0.127	0.575	0.110	0.024	0.132	0.021	0.131	0.027	0.081	0.010	0.059	0.008	2.786
B井	6 284.80	4.450	8.120	1.00	4.340	0.841	0.199	0.871	0.157	0.820	0.149	0.438	0.068	0.402	0.057	21.912
TP28	6 738.38	0.897	1.530	0.184	0.713	0.136	0.029	0.123	0.023	0.136	0.027	0.079	0.013	0.085	0.015	3.990
	6 742.98	0.615	0.989	0.118	0.444	0.085	0.028	0.087	0.017	0.088	0.021	0.065	0.007	0.069	0.012	2.645
	6 745.01	0.870	1.560	0.167	0.649	0.101	0.034	0.118	0.018	0.112	0.023	0.074	0.012	0.079	0.014	3.831
注：样品产状同表 1。

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