Discussion on shale oil enrichment pattern in the Ⅲ submember of the third member of Oligocene Hetaoyuan Formation, Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin: a case study of cored interval of well YYY1 in the central deep sag zone
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摘要: 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷渐新统核桃园组核三段是我国陆相页岩油率先取得勘探突破的层系，但因多种因素影响始终未能实现规模开发。为揭示泌阳凹陷中部深凹带核三段页岩油勘探开发目标层段，以页岩油风险探井YYY1井核三Ⅲ亚段系统取心段为研究对象，充分利用系统取心段现场分析结果，结合前人研究成果，在剖析系统取心段岩相、页岩油富集层段特征基础上，明确了页岩油富集模式与首选勘探开发目标层。结果揭示：YYY1井核三Ⅲ中—下段主要发育含有机质纹层状混合质页岩、富有机质纹层状混合质页岩、含有机质纹层状长英质页岩、富有机质纹层状长英质页岩、含有机质层状长英质页岩、含有机质块状泥质粉砂岩/粉砂岩、含有机质块状细砂岩7种岩相；依据游离烃S1和油饱和指数OSI两个表征页岩油富集关键参数，结合核磁测井总孔隙度，共识别出8个页岩油富集层，单个页岩油富集层厚度介于5~20 m, 累计厚度81 m。核三Ⅲ中段发育的富集层段均受原位滞留烃和高TOC邻层运移烃贡献共同控制，具源储一体和源储共存双重富集模式；核三Ⅲ下段发育的富集层段均受原位滞留富集控制，属源储一体的富集模式。核三Ⅲ中段第二个页岩油富集层是泌阳凹陷中部深凹带核三Ⅲ亚段页岩油勘探开发的首选目标层段，这一认识为泌阳凹陷页岩油勘探开发部署提供了重要依据。Abstract: The third member of Oligocene Hetaoyuan Formation (Eh3) in Biyang Sag of Nanxiang Basin is the first strata in which a breakthrough for continental shale oil exploration is made, but scale development has not been realized due to a variety of factors. In order to reveal the target zone of shale oil exploration and development of the third member of Hetaoyuan Formation in the central deep sag zone of Biyang Sag, a case study on the cored interval of the Ⅲ submember of the third member of Hetaoyuan Formation (Eh33) from shale oil risk exploration well YYY1 is carried out. Systematic studies on the lithofacies types and the characteristics of shale oil enrichment intervals of the cored interval of Eh33 are carried out and the shale oil enrichment pattern and preferred target layers of shale oil exploration and development are defined by taking full advantage of the results of field analysis and combining with previous research results. The findings have shown that seven lithofacies types, i.e. organic laminar mixed shale, organic-rich laminar mixed shale, organic laminar felsic shale, organic-rich laminar felsic shale, organic layered felsic shale and organic massive argillaceous siltstone/siltstone, organic massive fine sandstone, are developed in the middle-lower interval of Eh33 of well YYY1. Eight shale oil enrichment intervals are identified according to two key parameters of free hydrocarbon (S1) and oil saturation index (OSI) and combining with the total porosity of nuclear magnetic logging. The thickness of a single shale oil enrichment interval is 5-20 m and the total thickness is 81 m. The shale oil enrichment intervals developed in the middle interval of Eh33 are all controlled by both in-situ retention hydrocarbon and migration hydrocarbon from the adjacent high TOC layer, with two enrichment patterns: source-reservoir integration and source-reservoir coexistence. The shale oil enrichment intervals developed in the lower interval of Eh33 are all controlled by in-situ retention hydrocarbon, with source-reservoir integration enrichment pattern. The shale oil enrichment interval in the middle interval is defined the preferred target interval for shale oil exploration and development in Eh33 in the central deep sag zone of Biyang Sag. This provides an important basis for shale oil exploration and development in Biyang Sag.
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图 1 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷构造单元划分、采样井位置(a)及地层柱状图(b)
Figure 1. Structural units and sampling wells (a) and stratigraphic column (b) of Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
图 2 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷YYY1井核三Ⅲ亚段岩性和岩相综合柱状图
Figure 2. Comprehensive histogram of lithologies and lithofacies of Eh33 of well YYY1 in Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
图 3 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷YYY1井核三Ⅲ亚段页岩油富集层段评价
Figure 3. Evaluation of shale oil enrichment intervals in Eh33 of well YYY1 in Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
图 4 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷YYY1井核三Ⅲ各小层Tmax与IH关系
Figure 4. Tmax vs. IH of small layers in Eh33 of well YYY1 in Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
图 5 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷YYY1井核三Ⅲ亚段各小层TOC含量与S1关系
a.核三Ⅲ中段1小层；b.核三Ⅲ中段2小层；c.核三Ⅲ中段3小层；d.核三Ⅲ下段4小层；e.核三Ⅲ下段5小层
Figure 5. TOC vs. S1 of small layers in Eh33 of well YYY1 in Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
图 6 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷YYY1井核三Ⅲ中—下段页岩油富集模式示意
Figure 6. Shale oil enrichment patterns for middle-lower interval of Eh33 of well YYY1 in Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
表 1 南襄盆地泌阳凹陷YYY1井核三Ⅲ亚段页岩油富集层段基本特征
Table 1. Basic characteristics of shale oil enrichment intervals in Eh33 of well YYY1 in Biyang Sag, Nanxiang Basin
序号 富集层段编号 深度/m 厚度/m 主要岩相 ω(TOC)/% 游离烃S1/(mg/g) 油饱和指数OSI/(mg/g) 核磁测井总孔隙度/% 范围 均值 范围 均值 范围 均值 主要范围 均值 1 第一 2 760~2 768 8 富有机质层状混合质页岩 1.9~3.1 2.5 2.0~7.1 3.8 102~259 151 4.8~9.8 7.8 2 第二 2 810~2 830 20 富/含有机质纹层状混合质页岩 1.2~3.6 2.3 2.1~7.4 3.8 100~311 175 4.5~10.0 8.3 3 第三 2 838~2 848 10 含有机质块状细砂岩、含有机质块状泥质粉砂岩 0.6~2.0 1.3 2.0~5.0 3.3 164~455 275 2.5~8.4 6.5 4 第四 2 855~2 863 8 富/含有机质纹层状混合质页岩 0.9~2.7 2.0 2.1~5.9 4.1 100~466 221 4.0~9.5 7.6 5 第五 2 892~2 897 5 富有机质纹层状混合质页岩和含有机质纹层状长英质页岩 1.1~2.5 1.8 2.6~6.2 4.1 145~372 241 4.3~9.5 7.1 6 第六 2 915~2 921 6 含有机质纹层状混合质页岩夹含有机质纹层状长英质页岩 1.0~2.0 1.4 2.0~5.3 4.0 191~466 283 4.0~9.8 7.5 7 第七 2 944~2 957 13 含有机质纹层状混合质页岩、含有机质纹层状和层状长英质页岩 1.0~2.0 1.5 2.1~4.7 3.2 150~279 213 5.8~9.7 8.1 8 第八 2 996~3 007 11 含有机质纹层状混合质页岩夹富有机质纹层状混合质页岩、含有质纹层状长英质页岩 1.1~2.9 1.6 2.0~4.6 3.1 160~249 204 4.5~9.6 7.8 
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