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准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩评价与有效烃源灶分布预测

杨帆 曹正林 刘海磊 陶树 卢山 龚德瑜 陈棡 肖萌

杨帆, 曹正林, 刘海磊, 陶树, 卢山, 龚德瑜, 陈棡, 肖萌. 准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩评价与有效烃源灶分布预测[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(2): 380-392. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402380
引用本文: 杨帆, 曹正林, 刘海磊, 陶树, 卢山, 龚德瑜, 陈棡, 肖萌. 准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩评价与有效烃源灶分布预测[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(2): 380-392. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402380
YANG Fan, CAO Zhenglin, LIU Hailei, TAO Shu, LU Shan, GONG Deyu, CHEN Gang, XIAO Meng. Source rock evaluation and prediction of effective hydrocarbon kitchen distribution of Upper Triassic in Junggar Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2024, 46(2): 380-392. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402380
Citation: YANG Fan, CAO Zhenglin, LIU Hailei, TAO Shu, LU Shan, GONG Deyu, CHEN Gang, XIAO Meng. Source rock evaluation and prediction of effective hydrocarbon kitchen distribution of Upper Triassic in Junggar Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2024, 46(2): 380-392. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402380

准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩评价与有效烃源灶分布预测

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402380
基金项目: 

新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”科技创新领军人才支持项目 2022TSYCLJ0070

详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨帆(1984—),男,博士,高级工程师,从事准噶尔盆地油气地质研究。E-mail: yangfan84@foxmail.com

    通讯作者:

    陶树(1981—),男,博士,教授,从事油气地质与工程方面研究工作。E-mail: taoshu@cugb.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TE122.1

Source rock evaluation and prediction of effective hydrocarbon kitchen distribution of Upper Triassic in Junggar Basin

  • 摘要: 准噶尔盆地蕴含丰富的油气资源,已于多个层位取得油气勘探发现。然而,上三叠统厚层泥岩能否作为盆地有效烃源岩一直没有明确的定论,亟需开展全盆范围内上三叠统烃源岩评价工作并进行有效源灶分布预测,为该层系下一步勘探部署提供依据。为进一步明确准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩时空分布特征及其生烃潜力,落实有效烃源灶分布范围内生烃强度,基于资料收集、剖面实测、钻孔岩屑观察采样和有机地球化学测试,利用多个地化参数开展了全盆范围上三叠统烃源岩有机质丰度、类型、成熟度评价,优选关键参数利用多层次模糊数学评价方法,圈定有效源灶范围。结果表明,上三叠统烃源岩分布范围广(基本全盆分布)、厚度大(可达350 m)、腹部埋深大(最大埋深11 km);烃源岩TOC含量为0.75%~8.3%,平均值为1.74%;S1+S2平均为2.78 mg/g,氯仿沥青“A”平均为0.354%;有机质类型以Ⅲ型和Ⅱ2型为主,陆源高等植物输入占优,相对较好的母质类型主要沿盆1井西凹陷—阜康凹陷方向分布,有机质成熟度处于低成熟—成熟热演化阶段,局部达高—过成熟阶段。按照中国煤系泥岩生烃潜力评价标准,上三叠统泥岩整体为一套差—中等质量烃源岩,烃源岩总体上具有一定的生烃潜力,特别是生气潜力。有效烃源灶分布于中央坳陷腹部的阜康凹陷西部—沙湾凹陷东部一带以及南缘冲断带的霍玛吐背斜带,有效烃源灶范围内烃源岩Ro大于1.3%,生油强度在50×104 t/km2以上,生气强度在3×108 m3/km2以上。

     

  • 图  1  准噶尔盆地构造单元划分

    Figure  1.  Structural units of Junggar Basin

    图  2  准噶尔盆地白杨河上三叠统郝家沟组、黄山街组实测剖面柱状图及采样位置

    Figure  2.  Histograms of measured profiles and sampling locations of Upper Triassic Haojiagou-Huangshanjie formations in Baiyanghe River, Junggar Basin

    图  3  准噶尔盆地上三叠统泥岩总厚度等值线

    Figure  3.  Contours of total thickness of Upper Triassic mudstones in Junggar Basin

    图  4  准噶尔盆地上三叠统部分泥岩样品TOC含量与S1+S2关系

    Figure  4.  Relation between TOC and S1+S2 of part of Upper Triassic mudstone samples in Junggar Basin

    图  5  准噶尔盆地上三叠统泥岩有机质类型IHTmaxDTmax判别

    Figure  5.  IH-Tmax, D-Tmax discrimination of organic matter types of Upper Triassic mudstones in Junggar Basin

    图  6  准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩ααα-C27-C28-C29甾烷三角图

    Figure  6.  ααα- C27-C28-C29 sterane triangle of Upper Triassic source rocks in Junggar Basin

    图  7  准噶尔盆地中央凹陷腹部上三叠统泥岩埋深与Ro关系

    Figure  7.  Relationship between burial depth and Ro of Upper Triassic mudstones in central sag of Junggar Basin

    图  8  准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩C29ββ/(ββ+αα) 与C2920S/(20S+20R)成熟度关系

    Figure  8.  C29ββ/(ββ+αα) vs. C2920S/(20S+20R) maturity discrimination of Upper Triassic source rocks in Junggar Basin

    图  9  准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩Ro值平面分布

    Figure  9.  Ro isogram of Upper Triassic source rocks in Junggar Basin

    图  10  准噶尔盆地上三叠统有效烃源灶预测结果

    Figure  10.  Prediction results of effective source range of Upper Triassic in Junggar Basin

    表  1  准噶尔盆地上三叠统泥岩有机质丰度分布

    Table  1.   Distribution of organic matter abundance of Upper Triassic mudstones in Junggar Basin

    地区 ω(TOC)/% (S1+S2)/(mg/g) 氯仿沥青“A”/% 丰度评价
    分布特征 级别 分布特征 级别 分布特征 级别
    乌伦古坳陷 $ \frac{0.79\sim 3.3}{1.46(19)}$ $ \frac{0.53\sim 9.42}{1.86(18)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.15\sim 0.264}{0.216(13)}$ 差—中等
    陆梁隆起 $ \frac{0.81\sim 1.59}{1.36(16)}$ $ \frac{0.57\sim 5.8}{2.27(19)}$ $ \frac{0.17\sim 0.342}{0.197(16)}$
    玛湖凹陷 $ \frac{0.83\sim 6.0}{2.08(31)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.61\sim 20.53}{3.75(29)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.27\sim 1.142}{0.572(5)}$ 中等 中等
    中央坳陷腹部 $ \frac{0.75\sim 3.1}{1.69(125)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.5\sim 8.32}{2.62(115)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.15\sim 0.304}{0.241(21)}$ 差—中等
    南缘冲断带 $ \frac{0.77\sim 8.3}{1.82(79)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.56\sim 33.89}{3.03(71)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.16\sim 3.813}{0.518(34)}$ 中等 中等
    总体 $ \frac{0.75\sim 8.3}{1.74(270)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.5\sim 33.89}{2.78(252)}$ 中等 $ \frac{0.15\sim 3.813}{0.354(89)}$ 中等 中等
    注:表中分式意义为:最小值~最大值平均值(样品数),表 2表 4同。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  准噶尔盆地上三叠统泥岩有机质类型基础地化参数

    Table  2.   Basic geochemical parameters of organic matter types of Upper Triassic mudstones in Junggar Basin

    地区 IH/(mg/g) δ13C/‰ H/C O/C 类型评价
    乌伦古坳陷 $ \frac{16.01\sim 250.3}{127.85(26)}$ $ \frac{-27.4\sim -24.3}{-25.4(15)}$ $ \frac{0.68\sim 1.12}{0.82(21)}$ $ \frac{0.05\sim 0.29}{0.11(21)}$ Ⅱ—Ⅲ型
    陆梁隆起 $ \frac{45.45\sim 344.29}{145.58(18)}$ Ⅱ—Ⅲ型
    玛湖凹陷 $ \frac{3.85\sim 364.21}{119.22(34)}$ Ⅱ—Ⅲ型
    中央坳陷腹部 $ \frac{20.34\sim 355.46}{103.62(137)}$ $ \frac{-26.8\sim -25.9}{-26.3(4)}$ $ \frac{0.13\sim 0.14}{0.13(2)}$ 2—Ⅲ型
    南缘冲断带 $ \frac{3.33\sim 283.6}{60.9(70)}$ $ \frac{-27.3\sim -22.9}{-25.4(15)}$ $ \frac{0.63\sim 0.85}{0.74(4)}$ $ \frac{0.35\sim 0.44}{0.38(4)}$ 2—Ⅲ型
    总体 $ \frac{3.33\sim 364.21}{99.85(285)}$ $ \frac{-27.4\sim -22.9}{-25.5(34)}$ $ \frac{0.13\sim 1.12}{0.76(27)}$ $ \frac{0.05\sim 0.44}{0.15(25)}$ 2—Ⅲ型
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩生标评价参数分布

    Table  3.   Distribution of biomarker evaluation parameters of Upper Triassic source rocks in Junggar Basin

    地化指标 陆梁隆起 乌伦古坳陷 玛湖凹陷 中央坳陷腹部 南缘冲断带 总体
    Pr/Ph $ \frac{0.88\sim 2.04} {1.24(13)}$ $ \frac{0.92\sim 3.18} {1.89(6)}$ $ \frac{0.57\sim 2.86} {1.50(33)}$ $ \frac{0.43\sim 3.05} {1.40(26)}$ $ \frac{0.43\sim 3.18} {1.45(78)}$
    OEP $ \frac{0.99\sim 1.18} {1.1(13)}$ $ \frac{0.98\sim 1.27} {1.16(6)}$ 2.15(1) $ \frac{0.97\sim 2.54} {1.28(33)}$ $ \frac{1.01\sim 2.67} {1.44(26)}$ $ \frac{0.97\sim 2.67} {1.27(79)}$
    CPI $ \frac{1.08\sim 1.40} {1.17(13)}$ $ \frac{1.01\sim 1.34} {1.12(6)}$ 2.05(1) $ \frac{1.06\sim 2.57} {1.40(33)}$ $ \frac{1.12\sim 2.8} {1.64(26)}$ $ \frac{1.01\sim 2.8} {1.4(79)}$
    ΣC21-/ΣC22+ $ \frac{0.24\sim 2.82} {1.16(13)}$ $ \frac{0.59\sim 3.87} {1.87(6)}$ 0.31(1) $ \frac{0.42\sim 3.72} {1.49(33)}$ $ \frac{0.10\sim 2.32} {1.03(29)}$ $ \frac{0.10\sim 3.87} {1.29(82)}$
    C30藿烷/C30莫烷 $ \frac{2.20\sim 7.27} {4.75(15)}$ $ \frac{3.73\sim 9.49} {5.74(6)}$ $ \frac{1.76\sim 6.33} {4.59(10)}$ $ \frac{1.93\sim 8.86} {5.39(29)}$ $ \frac{0.25\sim 9.03} {3.24(27)}$ $ \frac{0.25\sim 9.49} {4.54(87)}$
    伽马蜡烷指数 $ \frac{0.06\sim 0.14} {0.10(13)}$ $ \frac{0.05\sim 0.15} {0.09(4)}$ $ \frac{0.04\sim 0.17} {0.11(7)}$ $ \frac{0.06\sim 0.23} {0.14(23)}$ $ \frac{0.03\sim 0.23} {0.12(17)}$ $ \frac{0.03\sim 0.23} {0.12(64)}$
    Ts/Tm $ \frac{0.29\sim 0.62} {0.43(15)}$ $ \frac{0.68\sim 1.92} {0.79(6)}$ $ \frac{0.04\sim 0.54} {0.32(9)}$ $ \frac{0.06\sim 1.83} {0.45(27)}$ $ \frac{0.02\sim 1.42} {0.22(27)}$ $ \frac{0.02\sim 1.92} {0.38(84)}$
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  准噶尔盆地上三叠统烃源岩热演化成熟度评价参数分布

    Table  4.   Distribution of evaluation parameters for thermal maturity of Upper Triassic source rocks in Junggar Basin

    地区 Ro/% Tmax/℃ H/C 成熟度评价
    乌伦古坳陷 $ \frac{0.60\sim 0.92}{0.72(23)}$ $ \frac{438\sim 481}{448(20)}$ $ \frac{0.68\sim 1.12}{0.82(21)}$ 低成熟—成熟
    陆梁隆起 $ \frac{432\sim 455}{444(20)}$ 低成熟—成熟
    玛湖凹陷 $ \frac{432\sim 473}{440(34)}$ 低成熟
    中央坳陷腹部 $ \frac{0.59\sim 0.98}{0.67(18)}$ $ \frac{436\sim 482}{437(135)}$ $ \frac{0.13\sim 0.14}{0.13(2)}$ 低成熟—成熟
    南缘冲断带 $ \frac{0.50\sim 0.99}{0.80(24)}$ $ \frac{431\sim 464}{451(69)}$ $ \frac{0.63\sim 0.85}{0.74(4)}$ 低成熟—成熟
    总体 $ \frac{0.50\sim 0.99}{0.74(65)}$ $ \frac{431\sim 482}{442(278)}$ $ \frac{0.13\sim 1.12}{0.76(27)}$ 低成熟—成熟
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-07-20
  • 修回日期:  2024-02-01
  • 刊出日期:  2024-03-28

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