川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组沉积演化及其油气地质意义

曹华; 山述娇; 田辰; 张玺华; 彭翰林; 刘沛云; 陈聪; 高兆龙; 胡罗嘉; 谢静平; 李天军; 胡广

doi:10.11781/sysydz202403460

川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组沉积演化及其油气地质意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202403460

曹华^1,,
山述娇¹,
田辰^{2, 3, ,},
张玺华¹,
彭翰林¹,
刘沛云^{2, 3},
陈聪¹,
高兆龙¹,
胡罗嘉¹,
谢静平¹,
李天军¹,
胡广^{2, 3}

1.
中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院, 成都 610041
2.
西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610500
3.
西南石油大学中国石油碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室沉积与成藏分室, 成都 610500

基金项目:

中国石油科技部创新联盟体项目“深层高演化天然气成藏机制、示踪技术及油气富集区带优选” 2020CX010302

详细信息

作者简介:
曹华(1981—)，男，硕士，高级工程师，从事碳酸盐岩天然气地质研究。E-mail: chua2018@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
田辰(1999—)，女，硕士生，从事碳酸盐岩储层研究。E-mail: tianchen2018@foxmail.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-31
- 修回日期: 2024-03-21
- 刊出日期: 2024-05-28

Sedimentary evolution and petroleum geological significance of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

1.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
3.
Research Division of Sediment and Reservoir, Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs of CNPC, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

摘要

摘要: 近年来，四川盆地二叠系茅口组的勘探思路和布井原则由原来的“占高点、沿长轴”转变为以寻找滩相孔隙型规模储层为目标，并取得了新突破，使其成为了勘探热点层系，这就需要详细的沉积演化研究来支撑。川东—川北地区是茅口组构造—沉积分异最为明显，也是勘探潜力较大的区域。对茅口组386口钻井的测井资料进行系统梳理，并利用野外剖面和钻井取心进行沉积相分析，结合测井曲线与沉积相，分析研究区茅口组的沉积演化。研究认为，川东—川北地区茅口组一段到茅口组二下亚段总体为碳酸盐缓坡，地层厚度和沉积相总体受川中古隆起的影响，局部发育低能滩；茅二上亚段到茅三段转变为具有镶边性质的碳酸盐台地，地层厚度和沉积相带展布转变为北西—南东向，自西向东依次发育台地相、台缘带、斜坡和陆棚相，台缘带发育高能滩相。研究区茅口组沉积期相对海平面总体经历了两次升降过程，对应地层分别为茅一段到茅二下亚段和茅二上亚段到茅三段。受区域海平面升降、区域构造活动以及碳酸盐台地类型的控制，茅一段到茅二下亚段缓坡发育具有岩溶和云化的滩相储层；茅二上亚段到茅三段海槽内发育潜在烃源岩，是非常规油气勘探潜在有利区，而海槽西侧则发育具重要勘探价值的规模性台缘带高能滩。
- 沉积演化 /
- 海槽 /
- 油气勘探 /
- 茅口组 /
- 川东—川北
Abstract: In recent years, the Permian Maokou Formation of the Sichuan Basin shifted focus. Previously, targeting high points and exploring along the long axis were common. Now, the strategy emphasizes finding shoal grainstone reservoirs with pores, leading to significant breakthroughs and making the Maokou Formation a hotspot for exploration. This change requires strong support from sedimentary evolution studies. The eastern and northern Sichuan regions are notable for distinct tectonic and sedimentary features within the Maokou Formation, suggesting promising exploration potential. Analysis of the logging data from 386 wells was conducted and sedimentary facies analysis was carried out using field profiles and drilling cores. Combining the logging curves with sedimentary facies, the sedimentary evolution of the Maokou Formation in the study area was analyzed. Findings reveal a gentle carbonate slope from the first member to the lower submember of the second member. The stratigraphic thickness and sedimentary facies are generally influenced by the ancient Central Sichuan Palaeouplift, with low-energy shoals developing locally. A transition to a rimmed carbonate platform occurs from the upper submember of the second member to the third member, with stratigraphic thickness and sedimentary facies showing a northwest to southeast orientation. The platform develops sequentially from platform facies to platform margin, slope, and shelf facies from west to east, with high-energy shoals developing in the platform margin. Sedimentation history indicates two distinct rise to fall processes of the relative sea level during the Maokou Formation sedimentary period, corresponding to the first member to the lower submember of the second member, and the upper submember of the second member to the third member. The formation of shoal grainstone reservoirs with karst and dolomitization in the gentle slope during the first period was controlled by regional sea level changes, tectonic activities, and the type of carbonate platform. Potential hydrocarbon source rocks developed in submarine troughs during the second period. The region holds promise for unconventional oil and gas exploration, particularly on the west side of the trough with high-energy shoals on platform margins.
- sedimentary evolution /
- marine trough /
- oil and gas exploration /
- Maokou Formation /
- eastern and northern Sichuan Basin
注释:

1) 所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

1) All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

1) 利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

2) 曹华、山述娇、田辰、张玺华、彭翰林、刘沛云和陈聪参与论文的设计和讨论；曹华，田辰、高兆龙、胡罗嘉、谢静平、李天军和胡广参与论文的写作与修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

2) 作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

2) The study was designed by CAO Hua, SHAN Shujiao, TIAN Chen, ZHANG Xihua, PENG Hanlin, LIU Peiyun, and CHEN Cong. The manuscript was drafted and revised by CAO Hua, TIAN Chen, GAO Zhaolong, HU Luojia, XIE Jingping, LI Tianjun, and HU Guang. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

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图 1 四川盆地构造概况及研究区构造位置

据文献[5-6]修改。

Figure 1. Tectonic overview of Sichuan Basin and tectonic location of study area

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图 2 川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组地层划分方案

Figure 2. Stratigraphic division of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 3 川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组地层厚度分布

Figure 3. Stratigraphic thickness distribution of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 4 川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组镜下照片及岩石、岩心照片

a.双河口剖面，茅二上亚段，含放射虫泥质灰岩，盆地相；b.西北乡剖面，茅二上亚段，薄层硅质岩夹泥质灰岩，盆地相；c.DY1井，4 391.72 m，茅二上亚段，含生屑泥质灰岩，斜坡相；d.C12井，3 385 m，茅二上亚段，生屑团块，斜坡相；e.C12井，3 343.2 m，茅二上亚段，亮晶颗粒灰岩，台缘高能滩相；f.雪玉洞剖面，茅二上亚段，晶粒云岩，台缘高能滩相；g.老黄轩剖面，茅二上亚段，生屑灰岩，开阔台地相；h.老黄轩剖面，茅三段，含生屑泥晶灰岩，局限台地相；i.L7井，4 476 m，茅二上亚段，亮晶—微亮晶颗粒灰岩，低能滩相；j.长江沟剖面，茅一段，眼皮灰岩，含生屑泥质泥晶灰岩，缓坡相。据参考文献[24]。

Figure 4. Microscopic photographs and photographs of rocks and cores of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 5 川东—川北地区DB1井颗粒含量与测井参数关系

Figure 5. Relationship between granular content and logging parameters in well DB1 in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 6 川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组颗粒含量等值线及沉积相平面分布

Figure 6. Granular content contour map and sedimentary phase planar distribution of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 7 川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组二段镜下照片

Figure 7. Microscopic photographs of second member of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 8 川东—川北地区二叠系茅口组二上亚段高伽马段(a)和低伽马段(b)厚度等值线

Figure 8. High part of GR (a) and low part of GR (b) contour map of upper submember of second member of Permian Maokou Formation in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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图 9 川东—川北地区长江沟剖面二叠系茅口组综合柱状图

Figure 9. Composite bar chart of Permian Maokou Formation in Changjiang Gorge profile in eastern and northern Sichuan Basin

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