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四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气成藏主控因素与勘探方向

李龙龙 陶国亮 杜崇娇 彭金宁 罗开平 陈拥锋 左宗鑫 蒋小琼 汪远征 陆永德

李龙龙, 陶国亮, 杜崇娇, 彭金宁, 罗开平, 陈拥锋, 左宗鑫, 蒋小琼, 汪远征, 陆永德. 四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气成藏主控因素与勘探方向[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(5): 1050-1062. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024051050
引用本文: 李龙龙, 陶国亮, 杜崇娇, 彭金宁, 罗开平, 陈拥锋, 左宗鑫, 蒋小琼, 汪远征, 陆永德. 四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气成藏主控因素与勘探方向[J]. 石油实验地质, 2024, 46(5): 1050-1062. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024051050
LI Longlong, TAO Guoliang, DU Chongjiao, PENG Jinning, LUO Kaiping, CHEN Yongfeng, ZUO Zongxin, JIANG Xiaoqiong, WANG Yuanzheng, LU Yongde. Main controlling factors and exploration direction of gas reservoir in Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2024, 46(5): 1050-1062. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024051050
Citation: LI Longlong, TAO Guoliang, DU Chongjiao, PENG Jinning, LUO Kaiping, CHEN Yongfeng, ZUO Zongxin, JIANG Xiaoqiong, WANG Yuanzheng, LU Yongde. Main controlling factors and exploration direction of gas reservoir in Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin[J]. PETROLEUM GEOLOGY & EXPERIMENT, 2024, 46(5): 1050-1062. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024051050

四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气成藏主控因素与勘探方向

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024051050
基金项目: 

中国石化重大项目 P23229

中国石化科技部项目 P21042-5

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李龙龙(1994—),男,硕士,助理研究员,从事油气地质研究。E-mail: lilongl.syky@sinopec.com

  • 中图分类号: TE122.3

Main controlling factors and exploration direction of gas reservoir in Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

  • 摘要: 嘉陵江组是四川盆地天然气勘探的传统层系,近年来在川北、川西南等地区连续获得发现,但盆地内仍有大面积的勘探空白区,亟需深化对该层系天然气成藏规律的认识,明确成藏主控因素,进而指出未来的勘探方向。利用天然气地球化学等分析测试,结合构造恢复、盆地模拟等技术,以气源分析为基础,以典型气藏解剖为核心,结合对嘉陵江组成藏条件认识,通过对成藏过程的分析探讨了成藏主控因素,并建立了成藏模式。四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气主要来自下部的原油裂解气,嘉陵江组具有多套优质烃源岩供烃、发育多类型碳酸盐岩储层、通源断裂有效沟通气源的良好成藏条件,主生油期古构造、调整期构造及通源断裂、有利储层类型是嘉陵江组天然气成藏的主控因素;嘉陵江组具有“多源形成古油藏—古油藏裂解供气—通源断裂输导—晚期调整成藏”的成藏模式。基于此指出,分布于川西、川北等地区山前带,主生油期、气藏调整成藏期均处于相对高部位,发育通源断裂、保存条件较好的构造—岩性复合气藏是勘探的首选方向;分布于川东高陡构造带构造稳定区及向斜区的孔隙型岩性气藏是未来的主要勘探方向。

     

  • 图  1  四川盆地嘉陵江组地质概况

    a.嘉嘉陵江组二段沉积相平面分布及主要气田、钻井;b.嘉陵江组地层综合柱状图(川西南J1井)。

    Figure  1.  Geological settings of Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    图  2  四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气成因类型与气源判识图

    a.ln(C1/C2)与ln(C2/C3)相关图;b.碳同位素分布序列图;c.天然气成因类型划分(图版据文献[17]);d.天然气烃源分区

    Figure  2.  Genetic types and source identification of natural gas in Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    图  3  四川盆地主要烃源岩层热演化史(以川北为例)

    Figure  3.  Thermal evolution history of major hydrocarbon source rock layers, Sichuan Basin (taking northern Sichuan as an example)

    图  4  四川盆地三叠纪末期二叠系顶古构造及流体运移方向

    Figure  4.  Paleotectonics and direction of fluid transport at the top of Permian at the end of Triassic, Sichuan Basin

    图  5  四川盆地现今嘉陵江组顶面构造与气田分布

    Figure  5.  Present day top surface structure and gas field distribution, Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    图  6  四川盆地通南巴构造特征及主要钻井

    底图为嘉陵江组底部现今构造。

    Figure  6.  Characteristics of Tongnanba structure and main drilling wells in Sichuan Basin

    图  7  四川盆地嘉陵江组气藏动态成藏过程对比

    Figure  7.  Comparison of dynamic reservoir-forming process of Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    图  8  四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气成藏模式

    剖面位置为图 1aAB线。
    图件据郭旭升等2023年“全国油气系统理论学术研讨会”报告修改。

    Figure  8.  Accumulation pattern of natural gas of Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    表  1  四川盆地嘉陵江组天然气组成对比

    Table  1.   Comparison of natural gas composition of Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    地区 气田 烃类气体含量/% 干燥系数 非烃气体含量/% 组分碳同位素δ13C/‰
    CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4+ H2 N2 CO2 H2S CH4 C2H6 C3H8
    川北 河坝场 97.379 0.212 0.019 0 0.998 0.010 2.700 0.719 0.742 -27.500 -26.400 -24.300
    川东 大池干井 98.168 0.256 0.008 0.037 0.997 0.033 0.914 0.113 0.483 -30.528 -35.036 -34.000
    川东 东溪 97.970 0.448 0.063 0.513 0.990 0 0.845 0.055 0.583 -30.430 -31.930
    川东 福成寨 97.877 0.675 0.156 0.400 0.988 0.001 0.734 0.018 0.234 -33.485 -34.348 -28.854
    川东 高峰场 96.978 0.245 0 0 0.997 0.004 0.524 0.412 1.817 -29.900 -34.200 -34.900
    川东 黄草峡 98.015 0.684 0.132 0.218 0.989 0.155 0.611 0.096 0.265 -32.653 -36.051 -33.134
    川东 建南 98.150 0.210 0.010 0.001 0.998 0 0.430 1.150 0.020 -32.400 -36.400
    川东 石油沟 97.480 0.550 0.073 0.649 0.987 0.010 1.153 0.287 0.377 -31.460 -30.615
    川东 双龙 98.488 0.476 0.089 0.036 0.994 0.011 0.585 0.068 0.217 -32.200 -30.700 -23.200
    川东 双庙 97.970 0.350 0.010 0 0.996 0 1.500 0.120 0 -31.800 -31.700
    川东 铁山 98.130 0.200 0.010 0.214 0.996 0 0.460 0 0.610 -31.670 -33.190
    川东 卧龙河 94.558 1.002 0.399 0.213 0.985 0.161 0.811 0.396 3.576 -33.154 -29.326 -24.662
    川东 五百梯 98.189 0.403 0.066 0.114 0.994 0 0.986 0 0.211 -32.400 -33.200 -27.700
    川东 云安场 96.789 0.175 0 0 0.998 0.006 1.376 0.257 1.360 -28.400 -32.733 -30.700
    川东 寨沟 95.828 0.313 0.017 0 0.997 0 0.654 0 3.162 -32.100 -32.100 -34.500
    川东 张家场 98.738 0.358 0.038 0.219 0.994 0.017 0.545 0.160 0.096 -32.725 -34.680 -37.200
    川南 二里场 96.340 0.660 0.135 0.010 0.992 0 2.550 0.080 0.035 -31.400 -33.550 -27.400
    川南 合江 98.073 0.440 0.053 0 0.995 0 0.947 0.063 0.393 -29.833 -34.033 -29.500
    川南 井研 93.770 2.460 0.763 0.830 0.959 0.020 1.607 0.493 0
    川南 庙高寺 97.074 0.768 0.170 0.044 0.990 0 1.472 0.114 0.352 -31.300 -33.660 -29.825
    川南 纳溪 93.743 2.533 0.903 0.623 0.958 0 1.203 0.110 0.010 -34.800 -32.767 -29.433
    川南 威远 55.833 0.157 0 0.023 0.997 0 3.580 9.593 30.743 0
    川中 磨溪 97.585 0.387 0.115 0 0.995 0.002 1.340 0.487 0.029 -33.400 -32.200
    注:川北河坝场气田为自测数据,其他数据来自参考文献[4-5, 8, 12-16];表中数据均为平均值。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  四川盆地北部主要烃源岩层热演化关键时期

    Table  2.   Critical moments of thermal evolution of major hydrocarbon rock layers, Sichuan Basin

    烃源层 热演化关键时期/Ma
    Ro=0.5% Ro=1.2% Ro=2.0% Ro=3.0%
    筇竹寺组 435 228 181 165
    五峰组—龙马溪组 245 182 165 154
    上二叠统 234 167 158 134
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  四川盆地嘉陵江组主要储层类型特征

    Table  3.   Characteristics of major reservoir types in Jialingjiang Formation, Sichuan Basin

    储层类型 储层岩性 主要发育层段 沉积相带 储集空间类型 储层物性特征 储层厚度特征 典型代表气田 主要分布区域
    孔隙型 粒屑白云岩、鲕粒灰岩、细晶白云岩 嘉二段 台内浅滩 晶间、晶内溶孔 孔隙度1%~8%,孔渗具有相关性 层状分布,但横向非均质性强 磨溪 川中地区
    裂缝—孔隙复合型 细晶白云岩、鲕粒灰岩、生屑(砂屑) 灰岩及白云岩 嘉一、二、四、五段 云坪、台内浅滩 晶间溶孔及微裂缝 孔隙度1%~5%,渗透率受裂缝控制 层状分布,非均质性强,受断裂控制 井研、麻柳场、河坝场、宝元 川西南、川东南、川北等地区
    裂缝型 砂屑灰岩、微粉晶白云岩 嘉二—五段 云坪、台内浅滩、灰坪等 裂缝、少量溶孔 孔隙度与渗透率相关性较差 受断裂控制明显 石油沟、卧龙河 川东、川南等构造较为复杂区域的背斜核部
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  四川盆地通南巴构造嘉陵江组二段主要钻井基本情况对比

    Table  4.   Comparison of basic conditions of major drilling wells in second member of Jialingjiang Formation in Tongnanba tectonic zone, Sichuan Basin

    井号 钻探位置 嘉二段沉积环境 储层发育情况 通源断裂是否发育 解释结论 嘉二段测试情况
    仁和1 仁和场构造 蒸发膏云坪 基本不发育储层 发育NW向通源断裂 干层
    河坝1 河坝场构造 台内浅滩 发育裂缝—孔隙型储层 发育NW向通源断裂 气层 6.06×104 m3/d
    母家1 母家梁构造 台内浅滩—膏云坪 孔隙—裂缝型储层,孔隙度0.58%~1.77% 发育NW向通源断裂 差气层 0.417 5×104 m3/d
    马2 马路背构造 台内浅滩—膏云坪 储层较发育,孔隙度2%~8% 发育NWW向通源断裂 二类气层 微量气,高压水层
    新黑池1 黑池梁高点 台内浅滩—膏云坪 发育砂屑白云岩储层 发育近EW向断裂 水层 微量气
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-03-16
  • 修回日期:  2024-08-30
  • 刊出日期:  2024-09-28

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