准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区油源对比及其地质意义

刘冠伯; 陈世加; 何文军; 张洋洋

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025030621

准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区油源对比及其地质意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025030621

1.
西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500
2.
中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 41872165

国家自然科学基金 42072185

中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体 2020CX030000

中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体 2020CX050000

详细信息

作者简介:
刘冠伯(1993—)，男，硕士生，从事地球化学研究。E-mail: lgbklmy@126.com

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-19
- 修回日期: 2025-03-01
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-28

Oil and source correlation and its geological significance of Fengcheng 1 well block in Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

1.
School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
2.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

摘要

摘要: 随着准噶尔盆地西部隆起乌夏断裂带常规油气勘探进入后期，近两年来该区下二叠统风城组页岩油勘探取得重大突破。在不断深化研究风城组常规油藏和页岩油藏富集规律的过程中，发现以前对风城1井区油源认识存在不妥之处，之前勘探工作者们认为该井区原油均来自风城组烃源岩。为此，对该区现有探井二叠系烃源岩及原油的各类有机地球化学分析数据开展了系统分析整理，应用油气源对比地球化学理论和石油地质理论，主要利用烃源岩与原油的色谱、色谱—质谱和碳同位素数据，再结合单井模拟烃源岩热演化史结果，重新对比该井区各个出油层系的油源。研究结果发现，下二叠统佳木河组下部灰黑色、黑色泥岩段厚约95 m，沉积环境和母质类型与风城组相似，但前者母质类型相对偏向腐殖型，有机质丰度普遍较高，为一套高成熟偏腐泥型好—优质烃源岩。风城1井风城组一段上部成熟原油源于风城组烃源岩，下部两个油层和风城011井佳木河组油层的高熟原油主要来自佳木河组烃源岩，其次混有少量来自风城组烃源岩的烃类，而非只源于风城组。推测佳木河组烃源岩在空间上有较大分布范围，可为乌夏断裂带常规油气成藏提供一定量的油气资源，故该区应加强佳木河组烃源岩厚度展布研究，从而为寻找新的油气勘探领域提供依据。
- 油源对比 /
- 风城组 /
- 佳木河组 /
- 下二叠统 /
- 风城1井区 /
- 乌夏断裂带 /
- 准噶尔盆地
Abstract: As the conventional oil and gas exploration in the Wuxia fault zone of the western uplift of the Junggar Basin enters its later stages, great breakthroughs have been made in shale oil exploration of the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the past two years. In the process of exploring the accumulation patterns of conventional and shale oil reservoirs in the Fengcheng Formation, it was found that previous understanding of the oil sources in Fengcheng 1 well block was inaccurate. Earlier researchers believed that crude oil in this well block was solely derived from the source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation. To reevaluate this understanding, various organic geochemical data from Permian source rocks and crude oil in existing exploration wells of this area were systematically analyzed. By applying the geochemical oil and source correlation theory and petroleum geology theory, and using chromatography, chromatography-mass spectrometry, and carbon isotope data from source rocks and crude oil, the study reexamined the oil sources in various oil-producing formations in the well block, combined with single-well simulations of source rock thermal evolution history. The results showed that the lower gray-black and black mudstone section of the Lower Permian Jiamuhe Formation, with a thickness of approximately 95 m, had a sedimentary environment and parent material type similar to those of the Fengcheng Formation. However, the parent material type in the Jiamuhe Formation was relatively more humic, with higher organic matter abundance, making it a highly mature humic type, good to high-quality source rocks. The mature crude oil in the upper part of the first member of the Fengcheng Formation in Fengcheng 1 well originated from the source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation. The highly mature crude oil in the two lower oil layers and the Jiamuhe Formation oil layer in Fengcheng 011 well mainly sourced from the source rocks of the Jiamuhe Formation, with a small contribution from the source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation, rather than exclusively from the source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation. It is speculated that the source rocks of the Jiamuhe Formation have a wide spatial distribution range and can provide substantial oil and gas resources for conventional oil and gas accumulation in the Wuxia fault zone. Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen the research on the thickness distribution of source rocks of the Jiamuhe Formation in this area, providing a basis for identifying new oil and gas exploration fields.
- oil and source correlation /
- Fengcheng Formation /
- Jiamuhe Formation /
- Lower Permian /
- Fengcheng 1 well block /
- Wuxia fault zone /
- Junggar Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors declare no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

刘冠伯发现和提出了研究区主要存在的烃源岩和油源问题，编制生物标志化合物对比图件，并完成了文章编写和修改；陈世加提出文章研究思路，进行具体技术指导，并完善和修订本文；何文军收集和整理所需要的各类地质和实验分析数据，并编制表格；张洋洋主要编制部分图件，并提出一些技术建议。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

LIU Guanbo discovered and proposed the main petroleum source rocks and oil source problems in the study area, compiled the biomarker compound correlation charts, and completed the article writing and revision. CHEN Shijia proposed the article research ideas, provided specific technical guidance, and improved and revised the article. HE Wenjun collected and sorted all the geological and experimental analysis data needed, and compiled the tables. ZHANG Yangyang mainly compiled some of the charts, and proposed some technical suggestions. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

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图 1 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区构造位置与风城组勘探成果

Figure 1. Tectonic location of Fengcheng 1 well block and exploration results of Fengcheng Formation in Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 2 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井下二叠统佳木河组烃源岩综合评价

Figure 2. Comprehensive evaluation of source rocks in Lower Permian Jiamuhe Formation of Fengcheng 1 well, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 3 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井烃源岩总有机碳(TOC)含量与残余生烃潜力(S₁+S₂)的关系

Figure 3. Relationship between total organic carbon (TOC) content and residual hydrocarbon generation potential (S₁+S₂) of source rocks of Fengcheng 1 well in Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 4 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井烃源岩氢指数(I_H)与岩石热解最高峰温(T_max)的关系

Figure 4. Relationship between hydrogen index (I_H) and maximum pyrolysis temperature (T_max) of source rocks of Fengcheng 1 well in Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 5 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区风城组原油甾烷与萜烷系列分布特征

Figure 5. Distribution characteristics of steranes and terpanes in crude oil from Fengcheng Formation in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 6 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井原油与烃源岩抽提物链烷烃特征对比

Figure 6. Comparison of alkane characteristics between crude oil and source rock extracts from Fengcheng 1 well, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 7 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区成熟原油与风城组烃源岩甾烷、萜烷特征对比

Figure 7. Comparison of sterane and terpane characteristics between mature crude oil and source rocks of Fengcheng Formation in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 8 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区高成熟原油与佳木河组烃源岩甾烷、萜烷特征对比

Figure 8. Comparison of sterane and terpane characteristics between highly mature crude oil and source rocks of Jiamuhe Formation in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 9 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区烃源岩与原油碳同位素值对比

Figure 9. Comparison of carbon isotope values between source rocks and crude oil in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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图 10 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井烃源岩热演化史模拟结果

Figure 10. Simulation results of thermal evolution history of source rocks in Fengcheng 1 well, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

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表 1 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区探井及邻井试油成果与原油物性对比

Table 1. Comparison of oil testing results and crude oil properties between exploration wells and adjacent wells in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

井号	层位	顶深/m	底深/m	日产油/t	日产气/10⁴ m³	气油比	原油密度/(g/cm³)	原油黏度(50 ℃)/(mPa·s)	含蜡量/%	凝固点/℃
风城1	P₁f₃	3 119	3 134	0.07	0	0	0.92	1 229.98	3.76	9
风城1	P₁f₁	3 960	3 976	8.96	0.073	81	0.90	261.67	3.73	-10
风城1	P₁f₁	4 194	4 272	109.80	3.320	302	0.83	3.71	3.45	-16
风城1	P₁f₁	4 307	4 319	12.40	0.237	191	0.85	7.56	3.13	-10
风城011	P₁f₁	3 852	3 864	28.35	0.631	223	0.90	69.92	3.69	-14
风城011	P₁j	4 095	4 108	1.39	0	0	0.85	8.47	3.91	-6
玛页1	P₁f₁	4 877	4 937	16.03	0	0	0.88	24.11	4.75	-4
玛页2	P₁f₃	3 861	3 904	8.45	0	0	0.91	229.28	5.65	-12
玛页2	P₁f₁	4 659	4 912	17.29	0	0	0.84	6.26	3.72	-2
风南14	P₁f₁	4 391	4 458	10.14	0.077	76	0.90	59.74	3.26	-24
风南409	P₁f₃	4 475	4 522	10.04	0	0	0.92	326.31	6.33	-4
玛54X	P₁f₂	4 488	4 800	47.69	0.236	49	0.92	312.48	4.47	-12
夏203	P₁f₂	4 773	4 796	2.98	0	0	0.89	40.79	5.74	-8

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表 2 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区探井与邻井原油链烷烃参数对比

Table 2. Comparison of crude oil alkane parameters between exploration wells and adjacent wells in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

井号	层位	顶深/m	底深/m	主峰碳	Pr/Ph	Pr/nC₁₇	Ph/nC₁₈	ΣnC_21-/ ΣnC₂₂₊	ΣnC₂₁+nC₂₂/ ΣnC₂₈+nC₂₉	CPI	γ/β-胡萝卜烷	β-胡萝卜烷相对含量
风城1	P₁f₃	3 119	3 134	iC₁₉	1.01	1.43	1.96	0.75	1.76	1.15	0.17	2.08
风城1	P₁f₁	3 960	3 976	iC₂₀	0.76	1.48	2.26	1.24	2.08	1.12	0.21	0.85
风城1	P₁f₁	4 194	4 272	iC₂₀	0.97	1.41	1.78	2.17	2.43	1.05	0.33	0.76
风城1	P₁f₁	4 307	4 319	iC₂₀	0.93	1.42	1.94	1.90	2.39	1.03	0.30	0.67
风城011	P₁f₁	3 852	3 864	iC₂₀	0.78	1.52	2.34	1.09	1.95	1.08	0.15	0.83
风城011	P₁j	4 095	4 108	iC₂₀	0.82	1.38	1.48	1.69	2.46	1.04	0.79	0.50
玛页1	P₁f_2-3	4 579	4 852	iC₂₀	0.78	1.14	1.02	1.35	1.81		0.24	0.51
玛页1	P₁f₁	4 877	4 937	iC₂₀	0.69	1.34	2.17	0.91	1.31	0.97	0.20	1.42
玛页2	P₁f₁	3 861	3 904	iC₁₉	1.06	1.07	1.47	1.30	1.67	1.10	0.16	1.17
玛页2	P₁f₃	4 659	4 912	iC₂₀	0.74	1.10	1.82	2.39	2.01	1.05	0.23	0.72
风南14	P₁f₁	4 391	4 458	iC₂₀	0.88	1.50	1.96	1.70	2.06	1.12	0.18	0.82
玛54X	P₁f₂	4 488	4 800	iC₂₀	0.82	1.17	1.48	1.49	1.75	1.09	0.29	0.54

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表 3 准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带风城1井区探井原油成熟度参数

Table 3. Maturity parameters of crude oil from exploration wells in Fengcheng 1 well block, Wuxia fault zone, Junggar Basin

井号	层位	顶深/m	底深/m	原油密度/ (g/cm³)	ΣnC_21-/ ΣnC₂₂₊	ΣnC₂₁+nC₂₂/ ΣnC₂₈+nC₂₉	CPI	三环/五环萜烷	C₂₉甾烷20S/ (20S+20R)	αββ/ΣC₂₉甾烷	原油成熟度
风城1	P₁f₃	3 119	3 134	0.918 3	0.75	1.76	1.15	0.33	0.31	0.31	低成熟
风城1	P₁f₁	3 960	3 976	0.902 1	1.24	2.08	1.12	0.78	0.46	0.45	成熟
风城1	P₁f₁	4 194	4 272	0.826 8	2.17	2.43	1.05	2.56	0.47	0.60	高成熟
风城1	P₁f₁	4 307	4 319	0.847 3	1.90	2.39	1.03	1.92	0.47	0.60	高成熟
风城011	P₁f₁	3 852	3 864	0.897 5	1.09	1.95	1.08	0.74	0.43	0.37	成熟
风城011	P₁j	4 095	4 108	0.850 7	1.69	2.46	1.04	2.18	0.47	0.55	高成熟

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