四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组成藏过程与天然气有效聚集

陈强路; 席斌斌; 尤东华; 蒋宏; 刘显

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025050963

四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组成藏过程与天然气有效聚集

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025050963

陈强路^{1, 2,},
席斌斌^{1, 2},
尤东华^{1, 2},
蒋宏^{1, 2},
刘显^{1, 2}

1.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金集成项目 U24B6001

中国石化科技部项目 P24167

详细信息

作者简介:
陈强路(1969—)，男，博士，高级工程师，从事沉积储层与成藏研究。E-mail: chenql.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.12
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-11
- 修回日期: 2025-08-05
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-28

Hydrocarbon accumulation process, and effective natural gas accumulation in Permian Changxing Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin

CHEN Qianglu^{1, 2
,},
XI Binbin^{1, 2},
YOU Donghua^{1, 2},
JIANG Hong^{1, 2},
LIU Xian^{1, 2}

1.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China

摘要

摘要: 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组天然气聚集成藏规律复杂，为此，基于热演化史恢复、岩石薄片、矿物同位素、流体包裹体等分析手段，研究了该区烃源岩热演化供烃过程、储层成岩作用和孔隙演化、古油藏热裂解记录，揭示了长兴组天然气藏成藏演化过程。研究表明，该区长兴组颗粒滩相和生物礁相以及白云岩化控制了优质储层的发育；中—晚侏罗世原油充注形成古油藏，晚侏罗世—早白垩世古油藏发生相态转化，原油原位热裂解并发生一定的硫酸盐还原作用，古油藏相态转化成为高温高压气藏；喜马拉雅期川东南地区强烈的挤压变形过程中，古气藏发生位置调整，弱构造变形区良好的保存条件是气藏持续保存的关键，储层孔隙中赋存干沥青和干气，而强变形区保存条件变差，气藏中的天然气发生泄漏，储层孔隙中除油藏裂解产生的干沥青外，还发育晚期方解石胶结，使储层发生致密化。因此，四川盆地东南部地区二叠系长兴组优质储层和气藏保存条件是天然气规模有效聚集的关键。
- 成岩作用 /
- 孔隙演化 /
- 天然气成藏 /
- 长兴组 /
- 二叠系 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: The Permian Changxing Formation in the southeastern Sichuan Basin has complex natural gas accumulation patterns. Using analysis methods such as thermal evolution history reconstruction, rock thin sections, mineral isotopes, and fluid inclusions, this study investigated the hydrocarbon generation process of source rocks, reservoir diagenesis and pore evolution, and thermal cracking records of paleo-oil reservoirs, thereby revealing the evolution process of natural gas accumulation in the Changxing Formation. The study showed that the development of high-quality reservoirs was controlled by grain shoal facies, reef facies, and dolomitization. During the Middle and Late Jurassic, crude oil charging formed paleo-oil reservoirs, which subsequently underwent phase transformation in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. This process involved in-situ thermal cracking of crude oil accompanied by partial sulfate reduction, transforming the paleo-oil reservoirs into high-temperature, high-pressure gas reservoirs. During the Himalayan orogeny, the intense compressional deformation in southeastern Sichuan caused positional readjustment of paleo-gas reservoirs. The favorable preservation conditions in weak structural deformation zones proved critical for the sustained preservation of these gas reservoirs. The reservoir pores contained pyrobitumen and dry gas, while the strong deformation zones exhibited poorer preservation conditions, leading to natural gas leakage. In addition to the pyrobitumen formed by oil cracking, the reservoir pores also developed late-stage calcite cementation, resulting in reservoir densification. Therefore, the preservation conditions of high-quality reservoirs and gas accumulations in the Permian Changxing Formation are crucial for the effective large-scale accumulation of natural gas in the southeastern Sichuan Basin.
- diagenesis /
- pore evolution /
- natural gas accumulation /
- Changxing Formation /
- Permian /
- Sichuan Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

作者陈强路、席斌斌、尤东华、蒋宏、刘显均为本刊主办单位员工，均未参与本文的同行评审或决策。

The authors CHEN Qianglu, XI Binbin, YOU Donghua, JIANG Hong, and LIU Xian are employees of the sponsor of this journal, and they did not take part in peer review or decision making of this article.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

陈强路负责整体研究、编写文章初稿并修改定稿；席斌斌负责古油藏热裂解研究并修改文章；尤东华负责成岩作用研究；蒋宏负责古油藏热裂解研究；刘显参与数据整理、图件绘制等。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

CHEN Qianglu was responsible for the overall research, drafting the initial manuscript, and revising the final version. XI Binbin was responsible for the study of thermal cracking of paleo-oil reservoirs, and revised the manuscript. YOU Donghua was responsible for the study of diagenesis. JIANG Hong was responsible for the study of thermal cracking of paleo-oil reservoirs. LIU Xian participated in data organization and figure preparation. All authors have read the final version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 四川盆地东南部位置及研究区构造沉积背景(a)、地层岩性分布(b) 据参考文献[1, 4]修改。

Figure 1. Location, tectonic and sedimentary background (a), and stratigrapic lithologic division (b) of southeastern SichuanBasin

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图 2 四川盆地东南部长兴组灰岩(岩心)抽提物甾烷和萜烷特征

Figure 2. Characteristics of steranes and terpanes in Changxing Formation limestone (core) of southeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 3 四川盆地东南部二叠系埋藏与油气成藏过程示意图

Figure 3. Burial and hydrocarbon accumulation processes of Permian in southeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 4 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组储集空间类型

a.TL202井，4 968.85 m，藻礁灰岩的藻纹层结构，格架孔内见2个世代方解石胶结，孔隙中充填亮晶方解石，方解石颗粒边缘可见沥青充填；b.TL202井，4 976.7 m，生物格架孔中发育世代方解石胶结，Ⅰ世代为纤维状胶结，Ⅱ世代白云石胶结及Ⅲ世代柱状亮晶方解石充填，Ⅱ世代白云石与Ⅲ世代方解石间见干沥青充填；c.XL1井，4 600.2 m，粉—细晶白云岩及残余粒屑结构，发育晶间孔；d.XL1井，4 605 m，白云岩中发育晶间孔及晶间溶孔，孔隙边缘固体沥青充填; e.XL1井，4 600.2 m，残余粒屑粉—细晶云岩中的晶间溶蚀扩大孔，晶边呈港湾状溶蚀特征，孔隙边缘固体沥青充填；f. TL202井，5 237.8 m，泥—亮晶藻屑灰岩中的早期方解石胶结作用，孔隙被充填。

Figure 4. Types of reservoir spaces in Permian Changxing Formation of southeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 5 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组胶结及溶蚀类型

a-b.TL202井，4 968.85 m，生物礁灰岩中生物礁格架的白云石化与粒间胶结物的白云石化；c-d.XL1井，4 605.00 m，亮晶颗粒白云岩的白云石化; e.XL1井，4 605.00 m，图 4d中部分区域，自形白云石晶体边缘被溶蚀，成港湾状；f.TL202井，4 968.85 m，晚期方解石胶结物与沥青接触边界的重晶石—白云石—方解石的矿物组合。

Figure 5. Types of cementation and dissolution in Permian Changxing Formation of southeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 6 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组储层流体包裹体特征

a-c中实心圆点为测点位置，实心圆点颜色与图a’-c’中拉曼曲线的颜色对应。a.晚期方解石中的含沥青—甲烷包裹体；a’.含沥青包裹体的沥青与气态CH₄拉曼特征峰；b.晚期方解石中富甲烷气包裹体；b’.富甲烷气包裹体中的CH₄拉曼特征峰；c.晚期方解石中的含甲烷盐水包裹体；c’.含甲烷的两相盐水包裹体中气相组分中的CH₄拉曼特征峰。

Figure 6. Characteristics of fluid inclusions in Permian Changxing Formation reservoirs of southeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 7 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组油气成藏调整演化模式

Figure 7. Adjustment and evolution model of hydrocarbon accumulation in Permian Changxing Formation of southeastern Sichuan Basin

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表 1 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组碳、氧同位素分析数据

Table 1. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis data of Permian Changxing Formation of southeastern Sichuan Basin

样品编号	分析对象	井/剖面	δ¹³C_VPDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰
TL2-1-1	灰岩	TL2井	4.3	-5.6
TL2-2-1	灰岩	TL2井	4.4	-5.9
TL202-5	晚期方解石	TL202井	3.9	-6.4
FDML-2-2C1	晚期方解石	FDML古油藏剖面	-9.0	-7.5
FDML-2-2C2	晚期方解石		-1.7	-8.0
FDML-6-2	晚期方解石		-1.1	-8.4
FDML-7-2	晚期方解石		-8.0	-7.9
FDML-8-2	晚期方解石		-0.7	-13.2
FDML-8-3	晚期方解石		-6.1	-9.6

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表 2 四川盆地东南部二叠系长兴组储层含甲烷盐水包裹体古温压恢复

Table 2. Reconstruction of paleo-temperature and pressure of methane-bearing aqueous inclusions in Permian Changxing Formation reservoirs of southeastern Sichuan Basin

序号	类型	室温下内压/MPa	盐度/%	捕获温度/℃	捕获压力/MPa	备注
1	含甲烷盐水	11.09	11.17	221.0	133.15
2	含甲烷盐水	1.88	14.72	206.5	9.11	包裹体泄漏
3	含甲烷盐水	18.45	5.47	200.0	141.00
4	含甲烷盐水	20.70	3.61	191.0	197.00
5	含甲烷盐水	20.15	4.42	195.0	191.90

下载: 导出CSV

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