鄂尔多斯盆地中东部石炭系本溪组煤岩气地球化学特征及其地质意义

孟康; 王华; 黄有根; 张道锋; 郑小鹏; 孟庆强; 于占海; 漆亚玲; 石林辉; 唐蕾; 赵春燕; 张梦园

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025061370

鄂尔多斯盆地中东部石炭系本溪组煤岩气地球化学特征及其地质意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025061370

孟康^1,2,
王华^1,2,
黄有根^1,2,
张道锋^1,2,
郑小鹏^1,2,
孟庆强³,
于占海^1,2,
漆亚玲^1,2,
石林辉^1,2,
唐蕾^1,2,
赵春燕^1,2,
张梦园^1,2

1. 中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 西安 710018;
2. 低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室, 西安 710018;
3. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

中国石油攻关性应用性科技项目“深地煤岩气开发优化设计关键技术研究”(2023ZZ1804)资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
孟康(1994—)，男，博士，工程师，主要从事非常规油气勘探开发研究。E-mail：mengk422@163.com。

中图分类号: TE122.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-26
- 修回日期: 2025-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-26

Geochemical characteristics and geological significance of Carboniferous Benxi coal rock gas in central and eastern Ordos Basin

1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China;
2. National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil & Gas Fields, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China;
3. SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要:
鄂尔多斯盆地中东部石炭系本溪组8#煤岩气资源潜力巨大，通过分析测定该地区3口煤岩气井33块本溪组8#煤岩解析气的气体组分和碳、氢同位素组成，结合煤岩地质特征和含气量数据，揭示了煤岩气成因来源、煤岩沉积水体盐度特征，探讨了煤岩气甲烷碳同位素异常的原因。研究表明，本溪组8#煤岩气组分中，CH₄含量为88.50%~97.12%，C₂H₆含量为0.23%~1.92%；非烃气体中，CO₂含量为2.51%~7.18%，N₂含量不超过4.50%。本溪组8#煤岩气δ¹³C₁为-37.6‰~-25.8‰，δ¹³C₂为-19.4‰~-16.0‰，δ¹³C_CO₂为-12.6‰~-6.0‰，δ²H_C₁为-185.0‰~-158.0‰，δ²H_C₂为-131.0‰~-103.0‰。综合考虑煤岩气的气体组分、碳同位素组成、煤岩高热演化程度、强生气潜力以及煤岩分布区域构造稳定性等特征，认为鄂尔多斯盆地中东部本溪组8#煤岩气为高—过成熟热成因气，来源于煤层中腐殖型有机质的热转化，为自生自储型煤成气，煤岩气中CO₂为有机质热裂解和碳酸盐矿物热分解混合成因。煤岩气氢同位素特征揭示，鄂尔多斯盆地中东部本溪组8#煤岩沉积水体为海陆过渡相半咸水—咸水沉积环境。煤岩气δ¹³C₁与煤岩含气量之间存在良好的负相关性，表明煤岩气的储集和保存条件越好，煤岩气“累积”程度越高，高—过成熟煤岩“累积”气δ¹³C₁明显偏轻，煤岩含气性越好。
- 气体成因 /
- 古盐度 /
- 保存条件 /
- 碳同位素 /
- 氢同位素 /
- 本溪组 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract:
The coal rock gas resources in the 8# coal seam of the Carboniferous Benxi Formation in the central and eastern Ordos Basin have great potential. By analyzing the gas components and carbon and hydrogen isotope compositions of the desorbed gas from 33 coal rock samples of the 8# coal seam in 3 coal rock gas wells of this area, and combining these results with the geological characteristics and gas contents of the coal rocks, the genesis of coal rock gas and the salinity characteristics of the sedimentary water bodies were revealed, and the causes of the abnormal methane carbon isotope in coal rock gas were discussed. The results showed that in the Benxi 8# coal rock gas, the CH₄ content ranged from 88.50% to 97.12%, and the C₂H₆ content ranged from 0.23% to 1.92%. Among the non-hydrocarbon gases, the CO₂ content ranged from 2.51% to 7.18%, and the N₂ content was less than 4.50%. The δ¹³C₁, δ¹³C₂, δ¹³C_CO₂, δ²H_C₁, and δ²H_C₂ values of the Benxi 8# coal rock gas ranged from -37.6‰ to -25.8‰, -19.4‰ to -16.0‰, -12.6‰ to -6.0‰, -185.0‰ to -158.0‰, and -131.0‰ to -103.0‰, respectively. Considering the gas components, carbon isotope compositions, the high level of thermal evolution, the strong gas-generating potential of the coal rocks, and the tectonic stability of the coal rock distribution area, it was concluded that the Benxi 8# coal rock gas in the central and eastern Ordos Basin was high to over mature thermogenic gas, derived from the thermal transformation of humic organic matter within coal seams, representing self-generated and self-stored coal-derived gas. The CO₂ in the coal rock gas was of mixed origin, generated from both the thermal cracking of organic matter and the thermal decomposition of carbonate minerals. The hydrogen isotope characteristics of the coal rock gas revealed that the sedimentary water bodies of the Benxi 8# coal rock in the central and eastern Ordos Basin were brackish to saline, representing a transitional marine-continental sedimentary environment. A good negative correlation existed between δ¹³C₁ of the coal rock gas and the gas content, indicating that better storage and preservation conditions resulted in a higher degree of gas "accumulation". In high to over mature coal rocks, the δ¹³C₁ value of "accumulated" gas was significantly lighter, and the gas-bearing capacity of the coal rocks was better.
- gas genesis /
- paleosalinity /
- preservation condition /
- carbon isotope /
- hydrogen isotope /
- Benxi Formation /
- Ordos Basin

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