纵横波速度比反演在地震沉积学中的应用——以四川盆地中台山—八角场地区侏罗系沙溪庙组沙二段为例

刘浩; 蒋裕强; 朱讯; 周亚东; 杨广广; 潘辉; 王占磊; 李杪

doi:10.11781/sysydz2025061418

纵横波速度比反演在地震沉积学中的应用——以四川盆地中台山—八角场地区侏罗系沙溪庙组沙二段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2025061418

刘浩^1,2,
蒋裕强^1,2, ,,
朱讯³,
周亚东^1,2,
杨广广⁴,
潘辉^1,2,
王占磊^1,2,
李杪^1,2

1. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500;
2. 中国石油非常规油气重点实验室储层评价实验室, 成都 610500;
3. 中国石油西南油气田分公司, 成都 610051;
4. 中国石油西南油气田分公司勘探开发研究院, 成都 610041

基金项目:

中国石油西南油气田分公司重大专项(2022ZD01)资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘浩(2000—)，男，硕士生，从事地震沉积学研究。E-mail:1007798774@qq.com。

通讯作者:
蒋裕强(1963—)，男，教授，从事页岩油气、致密砂岩油气储层及开发地质研究与教学工作。E-mail:1014533645@qq.com。

中图分类号: P631.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-22
- 修回日期: 2025-10-10
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-26

Application of P-wave and S-wave velocity ratio inversion in seismic sedimentology: a case study from the second member of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation, Zhongtaishan-Bajiaochang area, Sichuan Basin

LIU Hao^1,2,
JIANG Yuqiang^{1,2
, ,},
ZHU Xun³,
ZHOU Yadong^1,2,
YANG Guangguang⁴,
PAN Hui^1,2,
WANG Zhanlei^1,2,
LI Miao^1,2

1. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China;
2. Reservoir Evaluation Laboratory, Unconventional Oil and Gas Key Laboratory, CNPC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China;
3. PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China;
4. Exploration & Development Research Institute, PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China

摘要

摘要:
四川盆地中部中台山—八角场地区侏罗系沙溪庙组沙二段发育多期河道砂体，且纵向上砂体频繁叠置，利用纵横波速度体切片的方法研究砂体分布特征及纵向演化规律具有独特的优势。以高分辨率层序地层学为基础，结合可容纳空间变化引起的沉积学响应，将沙二段划分为4个四级层序。综合岩心—测井相—地震相等信息认为，研究区沙二段主要发育河流相沉积，每期砂组内部由多河道砂体叠加迁移形成，地震反射特征以连续—弱连续的平行反射为主，在此背景下可见部分代表河道沉积的亮点反射。针对砂泥岩波阻抗叠置严重的难题，明确纵横波速度是有效识别岩性的敏感参数。基于叠前同时反演获取了可区分砂泥岩的纵横波速度比数据体，并利用具有地震岩性学意义的数据体开展地震沉积学研究，通过典型地层切片开展“将今论古”的河道识别和河流类型划分，并探讨了可容纳空间对河道规模的控制作用。研究结果表明，中台山—八角场地区沙二段以曲流河相为主，纵向上发育18期河道；主要发育顺直河和低弯度曲流河两种河流类型，在部分切片中呈现多种河流类型共存的现象；7-9号砂体在低可容纳空间下发育，河道相互叠置且规模较大，可作为沙二段下步勘探开发的重点目标。
- 叠前反演 /
- 河道刻画 /
- 地震岩性学 /
- 沙溪庙组 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract:
In the Zhongtaishan-Bajiaochang area of the central Sichuan Basin, the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation develops multiple stages of channel sand bodies that are frequently superimposed vertically. P-wave and S-wave velocity slices provide distinct advantages for studying their distribution characteristics and vertical evolution patterns. Based on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary responses to changes in accommodation space, the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation was divided into 4 fourth-order sequences. By integrating core, logging facies, and seismic facies data, the study determined that channel facies dominate. Each sand group was formed by the superimposition and migration of multiple channel sand bodies. Seismic reflections were mainly characterized by continuous to weakly continuous parallel reflections, with some bright spots observable in contrast, representing channel deposits. To address the challenge of severe overlap of wave impedance of sandstone and mudstone, P-wave and S-wave velocities were identified as sensitive parameters for effective lithology discrimination. Based on pre-stack simultaneous inversion, a P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio data volume capable of distinguishing sandstone from mudstone was obtained. Using this lithologically meaningful data volume, seismic sedimentology research was then carried out. Typical stratigraphic slices were employed to identify river channels and classify river types by drawing analogies between modern and ancient systems, and the controlling effect of accommodation space on channel scale was discussed. The results showed that the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the Zhongtaishan-Bajiaochang area was dominated by meandering river facies, with 18 stages of river channels developed vertically. Two main river types were developed, i.e., straight rivers and low-sinuosity meandering rivers, and in some slices, multiple river types coexisted. Sand bodies No. 7-9 were developed under conditions of low accommodation space, where channels overlapped and were large in scale, making them key targets for further exploration and development of the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation.
- pre-stack inversion /
- river channel characterization /
- seismic lithology /
- Shaximiao Formation /
- Sichuan Basin

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