石油实验地质

2009, 31(3)

Abstract(905) PDF-CN(805)

Abstract:

RETURN TO THE ORDOS BASIN：SOME IMPLICATIONS FROM ITS PETROLEUM EXPLORATION HISTORY

Sun Zhaocai

2009, 31(3): 207-215. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903207

Abstract(1261) PDF-CN(898)

Abstract:
There was a tortuous way in the early stage during the last 40 years of petroleum exploration in the Ordos Basin due to shortage of subjective knowledge and limitation of objective conditions(topography et al).The exploration was terminated in the basin for a time and was carried out in the Weihe Graben area.In the end of 1968,Minister Li Siguang demanded that the exploration activity should be given up in the graben area and return to the basin according to his theory of Neocathaysian structural system.Consequently,discoveries of the Middle and Lower Jurassic reservoirs in wells QC and HC-2 and in Maling oilfield revealed the prologue to a great battle for oil as when Changqing oilfield was being opened up in 1970s.With success in Wuqi and Zhidan area,the well known "Qin-Hua-Wu petroleum system" was popularized.In the last 10 years,with determination of deltaic system of the Upper Triassic Yanchang formation and discovery of Qinyang oilfield,the "old" Ordos basin has really restored its vitality.

HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION STAGES AND EXPLORATION DIRECTIONS IN THE CENTRAL JUNGGAR BASIN

Yin Wei, Zheng Herong

2009, 31(3): 216-220. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903216

Abstract(1340) PDF-CN(849)

Abstract:
Hydrocarbon accumulation stages and times in the central Junggar Basin are analyzed by means of trap formation time,hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history,authigenic mineral isotope dating,fluid inclusion and reservoir geochemistry.Jurassic reservoirs in block 1 and 3 have experienced 3 stages: Middle-Late Jurassic,the end of Early Cretaceous and Paleogene till now.Cretaceous reservoirs in block 1 and 3 have experienced 2 stages: the end of Early Cretaceous and Paleogene till now.Jurassic and Cretaceous reservoirs in block 2 and 4 have experienced 1 stage: the end of Early Cretaceous till now.Exploration directions in Each stage have been pointed out.In the north of block 3,primary reservoirs formed in the end of Early Cretaceous should be focused on.In block 1,secondary reservoirs formed from Paleogene till now should be paid attention to.In block 2 and 4,primary reservoirs formed from Paleogene till now have great potential.

INFLUENTIAL FACTORS ANALYSIS AND QUANTITATIVE PREDICTION OF OIL-BEARING CHARACTERS OF THE ORIGINAL LITHOLIGICAL RESERVOIRS OF DONGYING DEPRESSION, THE BOHAIWAN BASIN

Rui H

2009, 31(3): 221-226. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903221

Abstract(1321) PDF-CN(925)

Abstract:
The oil saturations and occupation percents of original lithological reservoirs can be calculated with the parameters of the capillary pressures at the top of reservoirs,the heights of the sand bodies and the porosities and permeabilities of the reservoir rocks.The curve of capillary pressure of reservoir rock can be attained with the porosity and permeability known,and the oil occupation percent of reservoir is closely attached to the height of sand body.The relations of the capillary pressure at the top of reservoir to the depth or the pressure coefficient of strata is obtained through compositively analyzing the characteristic parameters of the reservoirs in Dongying Depression of the Bohaiwan Basin and its Niuzhuang sub-depression,and the relations can be utilized to forecast the oil-bearing characters of the original lithological reservoirs in stratas of different depths or pressure coefficients with different heights and physical characters of the reservoir rocks.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIDDLE TANLU STRIKE SLIP FAULT BELT AND OIL-AND-GAS ACCUMULATION IN XINTAN AREA

Peng Cuncang, Zhang Bo

2009, 31(3): 227-230. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903227

Abstract(1297) PDF-CN(1059)

Abstract:
Tanlu fault belt is a NE oriented main fault belt where different crustal blocks meet.The belt has experienced stages of tectonic movements.It is not only a deep fault mainly controlled by shearing movements,but also an active slip fault rotating left-hand and successing a new way of structure movement.Stages of movements of Tanlu fault belt have controlled development and distribution strike-slip fault belt,where hydrocarbon migrates and accumulates.Xintan locates in the middle of Tanlu fault belt.Some NNE and NE oriented flying-geese-style strike-slip faults generate.The NNE oriented main strike-slip faults lead to oil source and are favorable paths for vertical migration.The NE oriented induced faults change hydrocarbon migration direction and influence secondary migration.In other words,main faults control migration path and depth,and induced faults control plane distribution and extension distance.Hydrocarbon mainly accumulates along strike-slip faults and forms tectonic-lithologic reservoirs.

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND GENESIS OF CO₂ IN THE LAOYINGTAI-DAERHAN UPLIFT, THE CHANGLING FAULT SAG, THE SONGLIAO BASIN

Wu Yuyuan, Zan Ling, Huang Junping, Liu Chiyang, Feng Rujin, Qin Liming, Zhang Zhihuan

2009, 31(3): 237-243. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903237

Abstract(1398) PDF-CN(887)

Abstract:
CO₂ gas or CO₂ accompanied with hydrocarbon gas is widely distributed in the Laoyingtai Uplift of the Changling Fault Sag,the Songliao Basin.Contents and compositions of CO₂ are different.Relative contents of CO₂ and isotopic compositions may be obviously different between different wells or different gas formations in the same well,indicating complicate genesis.Studies of genetic mechanism of CO₂ are important not only in theory,but also for natural gas exploration in the region.Based on CO₂ composition and isotopic distribution features,combined with hydrocarbon gas studies,CO₂ deep in the study area is both organic and inorganic origin,or mixed.CO₂ in the Yingcheng Formation which contains much CO₂ is mainly inorganic origin.CO₂ in the Denglouku Formation which contains little CO₂ is organic origin or mixed.Organic origin CO₂ in the Denglouku Formation accumulates at the same time with hydrocarbon gas.Part of CO₂ in the Yingcheng Formation accumulates at the same time with hydrocarbon gas;however,large accumulations of inorganic origin CO₂ take place after Neogene.

ACCUMULATION PATTERN AND ENRICHMENT LAWS OF SUBTLE HYDROCARBON RESERVOIRS IN BIYANG SAG, NANXIANG BASIN

Cai Jia, Luo Jiaqun, Gan Huajun, Chen Shaoping

2009, 31(3): 244-248. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903244

Abstract(1283) PDF-CN(894)

Abstract:
The Biyang Sag in the Nanxiang Basin is very favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation.Formation and development of the sag are controlled by 2 deep-large faults in the south.Superior oil generation conditions,abundant sediment resources,development of sand body,good reservoir conditions,good source-reservoir-cap rock assemblage and multiple trap model configurations are favorable for accumulation.Subtle oil and gas reservoirs can be divided into 5 major types and 19 subtypes.In plane,reservoirs locate in circles,controlled by source sag.Vertically,they are influenced by temperature and pressure.Displacement sections of large boundary faults are favorable for large-scale sandstone pinch out reservoir.Inherited sedimentary-tectonic slopes are the targets for large-scale hydrocarbon migration.Oil and gas us-ually accumulate in nose-like uplifts.Deep sags are favorable to find low system trace fans,dolomite oil and gas reservoirs and deep-basin oil and gas reservoirs.Controlled by geometrical patterns,rollover faults can be found at the 2 ends of boundary fault.

EVALUATION OF MESO-CENOZOIC HYDROCARBON SOURCE ROCKS IN NORTH YELLOW SEA BASIN

Liang Shiyou, Li Fengli, Fu Jie, Zhou Yushuang

2009, 31(3): 249-252. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903249

Abstract(1306) PDF-CN(953)

Abstract:
The North Yellow Sea Basin,a Meso-Cenozoic basin,which is located in northern Yellow Sea,is in the earlier stage of evaluation according to its low degree of exploration.This paper analyzed the richness,type and maturity of the organic matter of the well drilling source rocks in eastern of the basin.The results indicate that Upper Jurassic source rock is the chief one which is supposed to be most potential,in addition it is the effective source rock of crude oil discovered at present.And Lower Cretaceous source rock is the best one in this area,but its maturity is lower,so it must be taken consideration into as potential oil source rocks.This research is an important complement and enhancement to source rock in understanding there,and gives well instruction to hydrocarbon exploration as well.

STUDY OF STRATUM WATER AND OIL AND GAS ACCUMULATION RELATIONS OF MAJIATAN AREA IN THE WESTERN ORDOS BASIN

Li Jihong, Li Rongxi, Han Tianyou, Ma Haiyong

2009, 31(3): 253-257. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903253

Abstract(1556) PDF-CN(1012)

Abstract:
Based on the characteristics of tectonics evolution in the western Ordos Basin,the author compared chemical characters of underground water with paleo-fluid from fluid inclusions,and indicated the relationship between underground water and evolution of oil and gas accumulation.The results from the research suggested that the distribution of formation water at the western Ordos Basin thrust fault-fold belt and its adjacent Tianhuan Depression is from east to west,and the paleo-fluid from fluid inclusions is similar to the ancient stratum water in this area.From the comparison the oil and gas accumulation was in a closed geological environment in the Majiatan area of western Ordos Basin,and with the late influence of tectonic movement,it was damaged,and strongly eluviated with infiltrating surface water.

IDENTIFYING THE PHENOMENA OF WATER FLOOD IN OIL FIELDS USING NOBLE GAS ISOTOPE——EXAMPLED BY THE HUANGSHATUO OILFIELD IN THE LIAOHE BASIN

Zhang Xiaobao, Shi Peng, Ma Suping, Li Chuanhao, Dai Benliang, Zhang Rui, Duan Guolu, Song Chengpeng, Wang Hongyong

2009, 31(3): 258-261. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903258

Abstract(1516) PDF-CN(1158)

Abstract:
The source water for water injection,source water after procession,water of an injection well,and oil crude of a production well were sampled and degassed.The ³He/⁴He,⁴He/²⁰Ne and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar of the gases from the waters and oils were analyzed.We found that they can be used for identifying the phenomena and degree of water flood of a production well.Our research shows that the ³He/⁴He,⁴He/²⁰Ne and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar of the source water for water injection,source water after procession and water of an injection well characterize an atmosphere source.The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar of crude oil in the Huangshatuo oil field is near that of the air in an error range,indicating that it was flooded by water and can be used as a tracer of water flood in an oil field,however it has no relation with ⁴He/²⁰Ne and can not be used for reflecting the degree of water flood.The ⁴He/²⁰Ne and ³He/⁴He of the oil from the Huangshatuo oil field were larger than those of air and they have a better liner relation,indicating they can be used for tracing water flood and its degree of an oil bed in a production well.

QUANTITATIVE PREDICATION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF MIXED OILS FOR LITHOLOGIC OIL POOL IN THE DONGYING DEPRESSION OF THE BOHAI BAY BASIN

Li Sumei, Pang Xiongqi, Jiang Zhenxue, Qiu Guiqiang, Gao Yongjing

2009, 31(3): 262-269. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903262

Abstract(1331) PDF-CN(927)

Abstract:
Normal geochemical approaches were utilized in quantitative predication of the proportion of the mixed oils derived from Third(E_s3)and Fourth(E_s4) Member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation and accumulated in middle interval of the E_s3(E_s3^M) in the Dongying Depression of Bohai Bay Basin,where subtle traps are primarily of lenticular basin-floor turbidite sands encompassed in mudstones mostly developed in the depression.The result shows that about 28%~85% of the mixed oils were derived from the E_s4 interval with averaged level up to 58.5%~67.7% in the Niuzhuang Sag,and about 9%~81% were E_s4 derived oils in the Central Uplift of the depression(the average is up to 32.4%~53.6%).It was observed that there are much more E_s4 derived oils located nearby where deep faults developed.The fact that high concentration of the E_s4 derived oils with long migration distances discovered in the E_s3^M subtle lithological traps in the Niuzhuang Sag suggests that surrounding source rocks might be not necessary having a full controlling on hydrocarbons supply of a subtle trap,and subtle migration pathway should play an important role in oil migration.The traditional opinion that hydrocarbons in situ accumulation in lenticular traps with short migration distance from surrounding source rocks should be revised.It is suggested that there is great petroleum potential in the depo-center of rifted basins in Eastern China,and the Niuzhuang Sag is capable to supply normal E_s4 derived oils for the pools in the South Slope,which has been proved by the high proportion of the E_s4 derived oils mixed in the oils of the Wangjiagan Oilfield.The petroleum potential of the E_s4 member in the Dongying Depression should be reevaluated.

ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY CHARACTERISTIC RESPONSE FOR KARSTIFICATION IN THE TAHE OILFIELD

Liu Xianfeng, Cai Zhongxian, Yun Lu, Xu Wei

2009, 31(3): 270-274. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903270

Abstract(1312) PDF-CN(991)

Abstract:
The Tahe Oilfield is located in the southwest margin of Akekule Uplift in north Tarim Basin.It went through several times tectonic uplift from the late Caledonian to the early Hercynian,this lead to Ordovician carbonate formation be exposed to the surface for a long time and suffering from intense air fresh-water weathering,leaching and dissolving and developed a set of complicated superficial karst system.Throuth research of arenaceous and pelitic karstic cave deposit about its' trace element such as B,V,Ga,Rb,etc,and REE characteristic in the main region of the Tahe Oilfield,it indicated that most samples took on characteristic of fresh-water corrosion.While,samples of the four wells such as T615 showed influenced by seawater,it can be indicated that seawater-freshwater mixing corrosion caused by widely marine transgression in early of Carboniferous Period probably overlay and improved the Ordovician karst system in the Tehe Oilfield.

STUDY OF GAS SOURCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBONIFEROUS HYDROCARBON SOURCE ROCK IN THE JUNGGAR BASIN

Guo Jianying, Li Zhiming

2009, 31(3): 275-281. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903275

Abstract(1203) PDF-CN(1041)

Abstract:
Based on the integrated study of Carboniferous Dishuiquan Formation source rock in the Junggar Basin,it is suggested that the organic matter abundance ratio is high,the kerogen type belongs to Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ and it is at the mature or high mature stage.Therefore,it is good gas source rock and has large gas resource potential.The gas geochemistry features indicate that the Carboniferous gas in Cainan and Ludong-Wucaiwan is different from others in the Junggar Basin,and the methane and ethane carbon isotope of it are heavier(δ¹³C₁-33‰,δ¹³C₂-28‰),indicating that the gas sources from sapropelic kerogen and comes from Carboniferous sourse rock.In brief,the oil and gas resources of Carboniferous is plentiful,and the exploration foreground is very vast,and Ludong-Wucaiwan,Mosuowan are the main area of Carboniferous exploration in the future.

APPROACHING TO CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND APPLICATION OF RAMAN SPECTRUM OF FLUID INCLUSION——TAKING THE LOWER ORDOVICIAN RESERVOIRS IN TAHE AS AN EXAMPLE

Yin heping, Qian Yixiong, Chen Qianglu, Gu Yi

2009, 31(3): 282-286. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903282

Abstract(1312) PDF-CN(949)

Abstract:
Based on the studies of chemical composition and features of Raman spectrum(LRM),together with the relationship between the displacement values(ν) of the major chemical composition CO₂,CH₄,H₂O and the buried depth of fluid inclusion.the author has shown that: 1)It can be proposed that there are at least eight types and four assemblages inclusions occurred in the Lower Ordovician reservoirs;2) The richness of CO₂-,CH₄-hydrocarbon and H₂O-CO₂ brine inclusion are dominant in those assemblages;3) In a single inclusion,the content of methane in gas phase increase initially but decreases at later with increasing that of depth;4) The displacement value(ν) and content of methane simultaneously decrease with the buried depth of samples;5) The displacement value(ν) of water presents a non-line covariance with the depth of samples;6) The contents of methane in gas phase demonstrated a negative linear covariance of its contents carbon dioxide;and the author believed that those parameters can be used as the indicator of maturity of hydrocarbon emplacement.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE OIL AND GAS GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION METHOD OF SNOW COVER

Tang Yuping, Ning Lirong, Jiang Tao, Chen Zhechun, Chen Yingwei, Wang Guojian

2009, 31(3): 287-291. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903287

Abstract(1209) PDF-CN(919)

Abstract:
The sampling media in surface oil and gas geochemical exploration are dominated by near-surface soil and subsurface phreatic water,and snow cover is seldom used as the sampling media.An experimental study has been carried out over a known oil and gas reservoir in the Northwest China to investigate the content of the headspace hydrocarbons and the fluorescence intensity of the aromatics in the snow cover.The results show that the headspace methane(DC₁),the F360 and the F405 are effective in reflecting the existing oil and gas field,indicating that the snow-based geochemical exploration method has good application prospect in oil and gas exploration.The 3D fluorescence spectrum characteristics of both the snow cover and the surface soil are basically consistent within a certain area,suggesting that snow cover samples can be used to predict the reservoir fluid property.Compared with the surface soil,snow is "the guest from the sky",and the distribution of the hydrocarbons in the snow cover can be regarded as homogeneous,thus the background values of the hydrocarbons in the snow cover are basically homogeneous,without obvious differences from one sampling site to another.The snow cover,when developed to certain thickness,can act as the seal cap for the hydrocarbon gases migrated from the underlying layers.With its unique pores,cavities,and adsorption capability,the snow cover plays a role in adsorbing,accumulating and enriching the hydrocarbon gases migrated into the near-surface.The microbiological effect to the migrated hydrocarbons is minimized in the winter time,thus the disturbance factors of the geoche-mical anomaly obtained from the snow cover is relatively less,which provides a basis both for snow-based oil and gas geochemical exploration,and for the geochemical anomaly evaluation.

ESTABLISHMENT ON OIL RESOURCES ABUNDANCE STATISTICAL MODEL IN EAST CHINA RIFT BASINS

Yan Qi, Zhou Zongying

2009, 31(3): 292-295. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903292

Abstract(1226) PDF-CN(873)

Abstract:
According to statistical data of oil resources abundance and related geological parameters in the twenty one standard blocks in East China rift basins,through to the correlation analysis of various geological factor which affect oil resources abundance,its main control factors have been defined.The study shows that oil resources abundance has close relation between the six kinds of geology factor which are source rock generation hydrocarbon intensity,reservoir thickness,reservoir sand content,reservoir porosity,reservoir permeability and trap area coefficient.Using multiple regression techniques to establish the statistical model between oil resources abundance and its main control geological factor in East China rift basins,to establish mathematic model for forecast oil resources abundance,so as to make it be more reasonable and more objective for oil resources abundance value,enhance reliability of hydrocarbon resource appraisal result.

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF FORMATION POROSITY THERMOCOMPRESSION SIMULATION EXPERIMENT OF HYDROCARBON GENERATION AND EXPULSION

Zheng Lunju, Qin Jianzhong, He Sheng, Li Guangyou, Li Zhiming

2009, 31(3): 296-302. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903296

Abstract(1521) PDF-CN(1531)

Abstract:
Thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion is one of the main instruments for the study of hydrocarbon thermal evolution mechanism.The existing simulation methods consider more about temperature,pressure and time rather than pore fluid pressure,hydrocarbon generation room,high temperature and pressure liquid water as well as the first hydrocarbon expulsion.With self-developed formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment instrument,taking into consideration of various factors,the author has set up a formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.It has been found out,as the same as temperature and time,pressure,hydrocarbon generation room as well as high temperature and pressure liquid water affect the evolution of hydrocarbon generation from sedimentary organic ma-tters through the whole process,only different in forms and manifestations during different stages of evolution.From low-mature to mature stage,the main impact of formation porosity high temperature and pressure liquid water system on hydrocarbon generation from type Ⅰ kerogen black mud are de-laying oil generation,inhibiting gas generation,changing kerogen composition characteristics and en-hancing the hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks.

SEPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF ALKYLPHENOL COMPOUND IN CRUDE OIL

Zhang Qu, Yong Hong, Song Xiaoying, Zheng Lunju, Qian Zhihao

2009, 31(3): 303-306. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903303

Abstract(1324) PDF-CN(986)

Abstract:
The alkyphenol compound in crude oil was separated by the silica gel alumina and silicic co-lumn and silanized with BSTFA,and then was analyzed with GC-MS.Three ways of separation were compared in this study,and the conditions of silanization were tested.It was concluded that alkylphenol compound could be enriched with silica gel alumina column,and the loss of phenol and cresol could be reduced because of the polarity of silicic acid,so that the influence of other polar component in nonhydrocarbon would be reduced.The content of alkylphenol had something to do with the water washing and oxidation action,the more water washing and oxidation action,the more loss of the content of alkyl-phenol.The max relative deviation in this method was less than 15%,and the recovery rate of the standard sample reached 89.60%.

A NOVEL METHOD FOR DISCRIMINATING FLOW UNITS OF THICK PROLUVIAL FAN CONGLOMERATE RESERVOIR——TAKING BADAOWAN FORMATION IN KARAMAY OILFIELD AS AN EXAMPLE

Tang Haifa, Peng Shimi, Shi Yanrao, Jia Chengye

2009, 31(3): 307-311. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903307

Abstract(1471) PDF-CN(944)

Abstract:
In order to improve the depiction of reservoir heterogeneity of thick proluvial fan reservoir,a novel method for classifying flow units is presented.Based on FZI histogram and FZI cumulative frequency curves of cored well samples,three types of flow units can be recognized qualitatively,which are the basis for discriminating flow units quantitatively.Then,Integrating parameters of reservoir quality,lithology and pore structure into the cluster and discrimination analysis,a quantitative model is deve-loped to define flow units in uncored but logged wells.Finally,by use of stochastic modeling method,the distribution of flow units between wells is simulated,which honors the reservoir geology reasonably and accords with production well performance properly.The results show that this method is applicable and very effective to reveal the heterogeneous characteristics of thick proluvial fan reservoir.

SEPARATION OF SATURATED AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBON USING FINE SILICA GEL

Wang Huitong, Wei Caiyun, Song Fuqing, Meng Jianhua

2009, 31(3): 312-314. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200903312

Abstract(1359) PDF-CN(1156)

Abstract:
This paper mainly use fine-grained silica gel to separate saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon in oil or extraction.By experiment,the method can separate saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon completely.Isomeric hydrocarbon increased in saturated hydrocarbon,alkylbenzenes and monoaromatic steranes group are also entered into aromatic hydrocarbon completely.The method makes up the deficiency in common method to separate saturated and aromatic hydrocarbon.In order to verify the reliability of the experiment,the author made a precision experiment at the same time,the error no more than 5%,This proved that the experimental apparatus is stable and the results is credible.

2009 Vol. 31, No. 3

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