石油实验地质

VOLCANIC ROCKS AND FOREDEEP BASIN IN MESOZOIC, THE SOUTHERN NORTH CHINA

Huang Zeguang, Gao Changlin

2006, 28(1): 1-7. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601001

Abstract(530) PDF-CN(414)

Abstract:
Volcanic rocks have been studied with geochemical theory and method in Mesozoic,the southern North China.The rock types include andesite-basalt,andesite,dacite,liparite which are calic-alkalic and alkalic,high-K,high-∑REE and rich in LREE.The forming tectonic environment of volcanic rocks is not related to plate subduction-collision or rifting,but mantle plume after plate subduction-collision.The forming tectonic environment of Hefei and Zhoukou is related to thermo-extension.The tectonic framework is controlled by mantle plume action(140～85 Ma).The space style of tectonic unites is composed of thermal dome-detachment fault-sliding system.The basin is formed in sliding system and the basin type is foredeep.

DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE MARINE HYDROCARBON SOURCE ROCK IN THE QIANGTANG BASIN, QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU

Qin Jianzhong

2006, 28(1): 8-14. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601008

Abstract(776) PDF-CN(457)

Abstract:
The Qiangtang Basin is the largest Mesozoic marine residual basin in Qinghai-Tibet plateau.The Upper Triassic Formation is sub-abysmal basinal facies deposit in the south and north depressions.A black shale layer developed.The climate in the lower part of Lower and Middle Jurassic Formation is semi-warm and semi-xerothermic to warm and hot.A black neritic to sub-abysmal basinal facies shale layer developed in the southern part of the south depression.In the middle part of Middle Jurassic and the lower part of Upper Jurassic Formation,the scope of transgression increased.Carbonate-rock platform facies deposit is dominant and platform depression is the main place of source rock developing.A littoral to neritic detrital rock deposit is in the upper part of Middle Jurassic Formation.Lagoonal subfacies shale and prodelta subfacies mudstone are the main hydrocarbon sousce rocks.The characterstics of deposition and development of the Mesozoic marine hydrocarbon source rock in Qiangtang basin are similar to the ones in the large carbonate-rock oil and gas fields at home and abroad.Black abysmal to sub-abysmal basinal facies shale,marl and shale depositing in the platform depression and lagoonal subfacies or prodelta subfacies shale and mudstone are the main hydrocarbon source rocks.

HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF THE LOWER MARINE FORMATION ASSEMBLAGE IN THE LOWER YANGTZE REGION

Zhang Huai, Zhou Liqing, Li Jianqing

2006, 28(1): 15-20. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601015

Abstract(727) PDF-CN(421)

Abstract:
Based on the analysis of the tectonic setting,source-reservoir-caprock development,evolution and preservation as well as some typical examples of the Lower Marine Assemblage,it is considered that the source rock in the Lower Marine Formation Assemblage in the Meso-Cenozoic superposted area in the north of Lower Yangtze basin is characterized by long-term and multiperiodic hydrocarbon-generating.Moreover,the Silurian Gaojiabian Formation being composed of thick marine mud shale is a good caprock.Further research shows that the Lower Yangtze area is a fossil plate spliced to the Eurasia in Indo-Chinese epoch.The main body of the fossil plate is a relatively steady zone called Lower Yangtze central steady zone.This central steady zone is situated in Yancheng to South Yellow Sea region.It is a potential exploration area in the Lower Marine Formation Assemblage in Lower Yangtze region.

RESERVOIR MODEL OF CARBONATE BURIED-HILL IN RIFTED BASIN—TAKING THE JIYANG DEPRESSION AS AN EXAMPLE

Ma Lichi, Wang Yongshi, Jiang Zaixing, Chen Shiyue

2006, 28(1): 21-24. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601021

Abstract(759) PDF-CN(428)

Abstract:
Carbonate buried-hill of rifted basin has 3 basic types of reservoir: fracture,corrosion and pore space.Each type has its specific forming mechanism and distribution rule.Various reservoirs assemble to form combinational solid reservoir model in space.It can be divided into weathered crust filtered belt,vertical seepage belt,horizontal corrosion belt,internal pore space belt,fracture corrosion belt and structural fracture belt.

ROCK MECHANIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GYPSUM COVER AND CONSERVATION FUNCTION TO GAS IN THE KUCHE DEPRESSION, THE TARIM BASIN

Fu Xiaofei, Song Yan, Lü Yangfang, Sun Yonghe

2006, 28(1): 25-29. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601025

Abstract(743) PDF-CN(475)

Abstract:
Rock mechanic characteristics of the Tertiary gypsum cover in the north of Kuche depression is analyzed based on simulation experiment.Plaster rock,salt rock and mudstone are plastic material and have the ability of plastic deformation.Creeping shows that the Tertiary gypsum cover has strong fluidity.Plastic flow appears if the gypsum cover suffers tectonic stress.Under the influence of fault,the gypsum cover usually forms huge gypsum-mud cover tectonic trap,which is compact with high expulsion and pore fluid pressure so as to be good cover.Most of fractures and detachment fractures are formed by gypsum-mud rock creeping.And there are huge fracture groups filled with ooze in fracture zone,which have excellent enclosing function and hold gas back effectively.

OIL AND GAS MIGRATION PERIODS AND ACCUMULATION PROCESS IN CENTRAL ANTICLINAL ZONE IN THE XIHU SAG, THE EAST CHINA SEA BASIN

Zhang Zhongmin, Zhou Jin, Wu Xingwei

2006, 28(1): 30-33. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601030

Abstract(670) PDF-CN(417)

Abstract:
By means of inclusion thermometry and authigenic illite dating data,the oil and gas migration and accumulation model in the central anticlinal zone in the Xihu Sag of the East China Sea Basin has been studied.Fluid inclusions in reservoirs in the central anticlinal zone can be divided into salt water inclusion and organic inclusion.Homogenization temperatures of inclusions can be devided into three periods and their accordingly geologic periods are Middle Miocene,Later Miocene and Pliocene to Quaternary respectively.Isotope ages of authigenic illite in reservoir are 23.5～26.5 Ma,18.31～21.86 Ma and 12.58～13.63 Ma from north to south.This shows that the time of oil and gas accumulation in the northern part is earlier than ones in the middle and southern parts.The research result shows that there are three phases of oil and gas accumulation in the central anticlinal zone and the late-accumulation phase is the most important.Multiple phases of hydrocarbon generation,multiple recharging,multiple accumulation and multiple source rocks are fundamental oil and gas accumulation models in the zone.

JURASSIC SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE JUNGGAR BASIN

Xing Huanqing

2006, 28(1): 34-37. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601034

Abstract(717) PDF-CN(377)

Abstract:
Sequence stratigraphy is now one of the most important reformations of stratigraphic geology.According to the Jurassic sequence stratigraphy in the Junggar Basin,the historical series are retrospected,and the identity and difference between these scientific reports are summarized.Problems in sequence stratigraphy research are discussed,including: sequence boundary and hierarchy;sequence bounding surface;controlling factors in sequence stratigraphic framework development.

CHARACTERISTICS OF NAPPE STRUCTURE IN THE SOUTHWEST FUJIAN PROVINCE

Zhou Zhenqi

2006, 28(1): 38-41. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601038

Abstract(668) PDF-CN(404)

Abstract:
Nappe structure is well developed in the southwest Fujian province.It can be classified into 5 types,including: decoupling(slippling) structure generated from the Upper Paleozoic to the Xikou Formation of the Lower Triassic of the Mesozoic;decoupling(slipping) structure generated during the Indosinian epoch and developed to folding and decoupling structure under the influence of folding effect during the Yanshan epoch;intermediate depth thrust nappe structure generated in the Indosinian and early Yanshan epochs;shallow thrust nappe structure generated in the Yanshan epoch,shallow fold thrust nappe structure distributed in the autochthonous rock series of shallow thrust nappe structure of the early Yanshan epoch,among which the intermediate depth thrust nappe structure of the early Yanshan epoch is the biggest.

THINKING ON THE RESEARCH METHOD AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF PETROLEUM SYSTEMS IN THE SUPERIMPOSED BASIN

Zheng Qiugen, Wu Chonglong, Wang Xiepei, Ding Wenlong

2006, 28(1): 42-48. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601042

Abstract(597) PDF-CN(353)

Abstract:
The train of thought,research content and process of petroleum system analysis in the superimposed basin are raised.Before petroleum systems were classified on the foundation of the contrast of oil source,it is needed to evaluate and study the features of the tectonic framework,the history of sedimentation and filling,the thermal course,the structure unit,the layer of hydrocarbon source rock and the combination of source rock,reservoir and caprock.The hydrocarbon source rock and tectonic unit (hydrocarbon-generating sag and the area that oil and gas migrate and accumulate) are the most major basis of divi-ding petroleum systems because of multiple hydrocarbon source rocks,hydrocarbon-forming units and faults in the superimposed basin.It is suitable and practical to name by combining hydrocarbon source rock,tectonic unit and reliable level.The petroleum system analysis should be made in the two aspects of the static geological essential factors and dynamic geological course.The static geological essential factors include effective hydrocarbon source rock,reservoir,cover layer,transportation layer and trap.Dynamic geological essential factors include forming course of oil and gas,evolution course of reservoir,transporting and moving course of oil and gas,trap-forming course and pool-forming course.All those analysis of the combination relation of essential factors,petroleum system preservation,the conditions of superposition of the petroleum system and exploration targets are component parts of research of petroleum system analysis in the superimposed basin.

DETECTION OF ALKYLATED FLUORENONES AND THEIR ORIGIN IN OIL SANDS OF TRIASSIC, THE ORDOS BASIN

Zhao Xin, Shi Jian, Wang Jinpeng, Wang Qi, Lu Longfei, Wang Lei, Wang Youxiao

2006, 28(1): 49-53. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601049

Abstract(657) PDF-CN(284)

Abstract:
Six oil sand samples were collected from the sandstone reservoirs of Yanchang Formation in the northwestern areas of the Ordos Basin,Northwest China.Oil sand extracts were analyzed by GC-MS.A series of alkylated fluorenones have been detected.They are products of oxidation-reduction reaction of fluorene and benzo-fluorene in reservoir.This process can be considered as the result of that during the time of subaerial exposure in the later diagenetic stage A,the fluorene and benzo-fluorene in oil sand are oxidized to fouow the permeating of meteoric water with bacteria and oxygen under the alkali-diagenetic enviornment and participation of the sialicate in Yanchang Formation.

THE GEOCHEMISTRY CHARACTERISTICS AND ACCUMULATION-HISTORY OF CRUDE OIL IN THE BONAN SUB-SAG OF THE ZHANHUA SAG, THE BOHAIWAN BASIN

Zhang Zhihuan, Zeng Yantao, Zhang Xuejun, Yuan Dongshan, Xu Xingyou

2006, 28(1): 54-58. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601054

Abstract(659) PDF-CN(408)

Abstract:
The 4th member of the Shahejie Formation is the main petroleum reservoir in the Bonan sub-sag,the Zhanhua sag.At present,there are some different points of view about the distribution of the source rocks contributing to this reservoir and the history of hydrocarbon accumulation.According to some geological or geochemical data in the region of interest,including the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusion,the geochemistry characteristics of crude oil,periods of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in source rocks of the 3th member and the 4th member of the Shahejie Formation,and the evolution of faul-tage,the history of hydrocarbon accumulation in the 4th member of the Sahejie Formation are discussed in this paper.The result shows that the process of petroleum accumulation in the 4th member of the Shahejie Formation is divided into two major phases.The first stage of the accumulation process started at the late stage of E_s²,mainly from the middle period of E_s² to the metaphase of Ed.The second stage was from the initial stage of Ng to the initial stage of Nm,mainly at the middle-late stage of Ng.The process of petro-leum accumulation was discontinuous in the late stage of Ed because of the uplift of stratum in that period.The periods of petroleum accumulation are in consonance with the period of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in source rocks of the 3th member and the 4th member of the Shahejie Formation.Therefore,it is suggested that the relative contribution of the source rocks of the 3th member and the 4th member of the Shahejie Formation to formation of reservoir mainly depend on the spacial relation between source bed and fault or trap.

CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROCARBON EXPULSION FOR THE LOWER TERTIARY RESOURCE ROCKS IN THE JIYANG DEPRESSION, THE BOHAIWAN BASIN

Zou Jie, Pang Xiongqi, Li Na

2006, 28(1): 59-64. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601059

Abstract(691) PDF-CN(413)

Abstract:
Hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks decreases when some hydrocarbon is expulsed.Upon this principle,the process of hydrocarbon expulsion can be simulated.This study utilizes characteristics of variation of hydrocarbon generation potential index [(S₁+S₂)/TOC] during burial,to determine expulsive threshold of source rocks.Its expulsive ratio,expulsive rate and expulsive efficiency can also be determined.Because difference of hydrocarbon generation potential index between different types of source rocks is significant,each type of source rock should be simulated respectively.The approach is applied to model the characteristics of hydrocarbon of the Lower Tertiary source rocks in the Jiyang Depression.Results show that,characteristics of hydrocarbon expulsion of oil shale is different from that of dark mudstone.Expulsive threshold of oil shale is shallower than that of dark mud,and its expulsive rate is also higher than that of dark mudstone.

THE CURRENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPING TENDENCY OF THE STUDY ON DIAGENESIS

Liu Jianqing, Lai Xingyun, Yu Bingsong, Chen Xiaolin, Sui Cheng

2006, 28(1): 65-72. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601065

Abstract(632) PDF-CN(544)

Abstract:
With the development of oil and gas exploration,the study on diagenesis has made considerable progress both in theory and in practice.In this paper,a summary of the advances in the study on diagenesis was given,mainly including the mechanism of organic matter thermal degradation and the formation of secondary pores,the determination of the diagenetic reaction thermodynamic equilibrium condition and state by using the chemical thermodynamic equilibrium theory,the petroleum geologic analysis of integrating basin fluid,temperature and pressure with the basin evolution history,the combination of contemporary sequence stratigraphic study with diagenesis.The future developing trends of diagenesis were put forward in this paper,including continue making researches on diagenetic experiment and thermodynamic analogy,deepening the study of diagenesis in a new way of basin-diagenesis system analysis,studying the source of formation water and its influences upon diagenesis.

IN SITU VISUALIZATION OF PYROLYSIS OF ORGANIC MATTER IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE AND HIGH-PRESSURE WATER—TAKING KEROGEN AND ASPHALT AS AN EXAMPLE

Chen Jinyang, Zhang Hong, Zheng Haifei, Zeng Yishan

2006, 28(1): 73-77. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601073

Abstract(862) PDF-CN(362)

Abstract:
The in situ visualization of pyrolysis of kerogen and asphalt in high-temperature and high-pressure water studied by hydrothermal anvil cell.The phenomena of these two matter present great different.Kerogen pyrolyzes to liquid and gas phase hydrocarbon compounds in an inhomogeneous form at high temperature and high-pressure.These hydrocarbon compounds dissolve in water at high temperature and high-pressure and separate out during the decrease of temperature to the ambient temperature.Asphalt dissolves in water at high temperature and high pressure firstly,with increasing temperature further,it finally reactions with water to form graphite-soot matter.

THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECT IN THE SIMULATION OF PETROLEUM POOL-FORMING DYNAMICS

Li Rirong

2006, 28(1): 78-82. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601078

Abstract(741) PDF-CN(412)

Abstract:
Petroleum pool-forming is complicated processes that includes generating,transportation,accumulation,storage and breaking of petroleum.It is under the control of many geological factors,thus that has relation with center of hydrocarbon-generating,ancient-modern structure,petroleum bearing assemblage,belt of sedimentary facies,property of reservoir rock and its variation.The system of petroleum pool-forming dynamics is the new development of theory of petroleum system and new underway subject.The study of petroleum pool-forming dynamics is based on the support of computer workstation,alternative feedback in study of model and result of simulation reduces fuzzy property of geological interpretation.Thus it is the new supporting system of main technology in geological survey of petroleum.This paper has introduced the development,technological background,principle and simulation system of petroleum pool-forming dynamics.Lastly the prospect for the progress of petroleum accumulation dynamics is put forward.

STUDY OF GINI COEFFICIENT ON THE ANALYSIS OF VITRINITE REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENT—A CASE STUDY OF MIOCENCE SEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF THE WESTERN TAIWAN

Sun Lichung, Yang Chunglin, Tsai Louis L, Kuo Chenglung

2006, 28(1): 83-84. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601083

Abstract(816) PDF-CN(309)

Abstract:
In order to evaluate the correlation between variance of measured vitrinite reflectance data and Gini coefficient,34 Miocene sedimentary rock samples were collected from western Taiwan.Their vitrinite reflectance and Gini coefficients were measured and calculated.The good correlation evaluating indicates that the Gini coefficient can be applied as a quantitative index in the variation of vitrinite reflectance mea-sured.

VARIATION LAW OF RESERVOIR PARAMETERS DURING WATERFLOODING IN DAGANG OIL FIELD

Guo Li, Wang Yanbin, Liu Weixin, Zhang Chunlei, Liu Weilin, Liu Tianhe

2006, 28(1): 85-90. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601085

Abstract(710) PDF-CN(387)

Abstract:
Researches on the variation law of reservoir parameters of both high porosity high permeability and medium porosity medium permeability reservoirs during water flooding in Dagang oilfield indicate that after long time waterflooding reservoirs show regular changes.In high porosity and high permeability re-servoir,contents of clay mineral and cement decrease,dissolution pores increase,pore-throat enlarges and reservoir physical properties are improved.Whereas most of medium porosity and medium permeability reserviors show the trend that pore-throat reduces and reservoir physical properties become poor.The two types of reserviors bear similar trends that the microscopic and macroscopic heterogeneity is enhanced,the wettability changes into strong water-wetting and the properties of crude oil become poor.This research is significant in later development of high water cut reservoir.

PRESSURE SENSITIVITY STUDY OF HIGH-PRESSURE AND LOW-PERMEABILITY CARBONATE RESERVOIR IN T OILFIELD, THE NORTH JIANGJU BASIN

Tan Shihai, Wei Jianwei

2006, 28(1): 91-94. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200601091

Abstract(666) PDF-CN(294)

Abstract:
The results of pressure sensitivity experiments for 24 horizontal and vertical core samples of low-permeability Carboniferous carbonate reservoir in the depth of T oilfield show that,the relationship of effective pressure and porosity,as following: 1)the pore press-lose ratio of Carboniferous carbonate reservoir correlated with their magnitude of porosity.As a whole,the higher porosity,the lower pore press-lose ratio,vice versa;2)the permeabiltiy press-lose ratio of Carboniferous carbonate reservoir associated with their poro-permeability condition.The well poro-permeability condition,the lesser damage factor,and vice versa.

2006 Vol. 28, No. 1

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